Chester

Chester

Author: Simon Ward

Publisher: History Press

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781860774997

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Chester has a long and fascinating history, dating from the arrival of the Roman army around 74 A.D. Their fortress was the stimulus for the growth of a prosperous town with such attributes of classical civilization as bathhouses, central heating, and an amphitheater. The fifth-century collapse was followed by expansion under Saxon Mercia, and the threat of Viking attack was countered by the creation of a burh. Chester prospered as an administrative and trading settlement, ultimately benefiting from commercial contacts with the Viking world. After the Norman Conquest, it became the capital of a powerful earldom and later Edward I's headquarters for his conquest of North Wales. A large abbey dominated the center and swathes of land were enclosed in friary precincts. After the Middle Ages the city lost its harbor to silting and then endured a long and damaging siege during the Civil War. It escaped full-scale industrial expansion, although it did suffer from the accompanying problems of increasing population and poor housing. Despite its varying fortunes the city has never ceased to engage in the trade and commerce that have given the place its own special identity.


Mapping the Medieval City

Mapping the Medieval City

Author: Catherine A M Clarke

Publisher: University of Wales Press

Published: 2011-05-15

Total Pages: 262

ISBN-13: 0708323936

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This ground-breaking volume brings together contributions from scholars across a range of disciplines (including literary studies, history, geography and archaeology) to investigate questions of space, place and identity in the medieval city.


The Unexpected President

The Unexpected President

Author: Scott S. Greenberger

Publisher: Hachette+ORM

Published: 2017-09-12

Total Pages: 440

ISBN-13: 030682390X

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When President James Garfield was shot in 1881, nobody expected Vice President Chester A. Arthur to become a strong and effective president, a courageous anti-corruption reformer, and an early civil rights advocate. Despite his promising start as a young man, by his early fifties Chester A. Arthur was known as the crooked crony of New York machine boss Roscoe Conkling. For years Arthur had been perceived as unfit to govern, not only by critics and the vast majority of his fellow citizens but by his own conscience. As President James A. Garfield struggled for his life, Arthur knew better than his detractors that he failed to meet the high standard a president must uphold. And yet, from the moment President Arthur took office, he proved to be not just honest but brave, going up against the very forces that had controlled him for decades. He surprised everyone -- and gained many enemies -- when he swept house and took on corruption, civil rights for blacks, and issues of land for Native Americans. A mysterious young woman deserves much of the credit for Arthur's remarkable transformation. Julia Sand, a bedridden New Yorker, wrote Arthur nearly two dozen letters urging him to put country over party, to find "the spark of true nobility" that lay within him. At a time when women were barred from political life, Sand's letters inspired Arthur to transcend his checkered past--and changed the course of American history. This beautifully written biography tells the dramatic, untold story of a virtually forgotten American president. It is the tale of a machine politician and man-about-town in Gilded Age New York who stumbled into the highest office in the land, only to rediscover his better self when his nation needed him.


The Norman Conquest

The Norman Conquest

Author: Richard Huscroft

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2013-09-13

Total Pages: 392

ISBN-13: 1317866274

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The Norman Conquest was one of the most significant events in European history. Over forty years from 1066, England was traumatised and transformed. The Anglo-Saxon ruling class was eliminated, foreign elites took control of Church and State, and England's entire political, social and cultural orientation was changed. Out of the upheaval which followed the Battle of Hastings, a new kind of Englishness emerged and the priorities of England's new rulers set the kingdom on the political course it was to follow for the rest of the Middle Ages. However, the Norman Conquest was more than a purely English phenomenon, for Wales, Scotland and Normandy were all deeply affected by it too. This book's broad sweep successfully encompasses these wider British and French perspectives to offer a fresh, clear and concise introduction to the events which propelled the two nations into the Middle Ages and dramatically altered the course of history.