Descriptive Grammar of Pashto and its Dialects
Descriptive Grammar of Pashto and its Dialects

Author: Anne David

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter

Published: 2013-12-12

Total Pages: 530

ISBN-13: 1614512310

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Pashto/Pushto/Pukhto is a group of varieties used by as many as 30 million people in Afghanistan and Pakistan, yet a grammar describing these varieties collectively has not been published. The CASL Pashto grammar originates from extensive use of both primary and secondary materials. It attends to features of both spoken and written forms of Pashto and exemplifies the latter generously with naturally-occurring sentences. Detailed descriptions are provided of the phonology and orthography and of the inflectional and derivational morphology applied to all major word classes, with special attention to the complex morphology of verb formation and descriptions of the multiple pronominal systems. Notes on some of the prominent syntactic constructions are provided as a descriptive basis for learners of Pashto and for those interested in syntactic properties characteristic of South Asian languages. For the first time, the highly distinctive Middle dialects, including Waziri, receive attention next to the other major dialect groups. A formal grammar focusing on the morphology is an available companion work.

The Hidden Treasure
The Hidden Treasure

Author: Muḥammad Hotak

Publisher: University Press of America

Published: 1997

Total Pages: 246

ISBN-13: 9780761802655

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An anthology of Pas'hto poetry, The Hidden Treasure (Pata Khazana) was written in 1728-29 by Mohammad under the patronage of emperor Shah Hussain Hotak. The author of the book was an outstanding literary figure of his time in Qandahar and sanctified this work to Pas'hto poets. The book is written in three parts: The first is dedicated to poets of the past from the eighth to the seventeenth century. The second deals with contemporary poets of Mohammad Hotak's time and the third refers to known poetesses of the Pas'hto language. At the end of the book the author talks about his life and literary prowess. It was translated into Persian by Professor Abdul Hay Habibi in 1944. He also provided detailed annotations of literary works and historical events, and a list of over 200 words which are out of use in the language now or are rarely used. In presenting the importance of the book Professor Habibi provides notes on its prose and poetry by examining the history of Pas'hto prose.

The World's Major Languages
The World's Major Languages

Author: Bernard Comrie

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2018-04-17

Total Pages: 1125

ISBN-13: 1317290496

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The World's Major Languages features over 50 of the world's languages and language families. This revised edition includes updated bibliographies for each chapter and up-to-date census figures. The featured languages have been chosen based on the number of speakers, their role as official languages and their cultural and historical importance. Each language is looked at in depth, and the chapters provide information on both grammatical features and on salient features of the language's history and cultural role. The World’s Major Languages is an accessible and essential reference work for linguists.

The Tribes and Castes of the North-Western Provinces and Oudh
The Tribes and Castes of the North-Western Provinces and Oudh

Author: William Crooke

Publisher: Asian Educational Services

Published: 1999

Total Pages: 532

ISBN-13: 9788120612105

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Excerpt from The Tribes and Castes of the North-Western Provinces and Oudh, Vol. 4 of 4 Mughul, Mughul. - One of the four great Muhammadan sub divisions known in Europe under the form Mongol. Mr. Ibbetson, ' writing of the panjab, does not attempt to touch upon the much debated question of the distinction between the Turks and Mughuls. In the Delhi territory, indeed, the villagers accustomed to describe the Mughuls of the Empire as Turks, used the word as synonymous with official, and I have heard my Hindu clerks of Kayasth class described as Turks, merely because they were in Government employ. On the Biloch frontier the word Turk is commonly used as synonym ous with Mughul. The Mughuls preper probably either entered the Paujfib with Babar, or were attracted thither under the dynasty of his successors; and I believe that the great majority of those who have returned themselves as Mughuls in the Eastern Panjab really belong to that race. In these Provinces they say that they take their name from their ancestor Mughul Khan. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

A grammar of Palula
A grammar of Palula

Author: Henrik Liljegren

Publisher: Language Science Press

Published: 2016-02-26

Total Pages: 493

ISBN-13: 3946234313

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This grammar provides a grammatical description of Palula, an Indo-Aryan language of the Shina group. The language is spoken by about 10,000 people in the Chitral district in Pakistan’s Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province. This is the first extensive description of the formerly little-documented Palula language, and is one of only a few in-depth studies available for languages in the extremely multilingual Hindukush-Karakoram region. The grammar is based on original fieldwork data, collected over the course of about ten years, commencing in 1998. It is primarily in the form of recorded, mainly narrative, texts, but supplemented by targeted elicitation as well as notes of observed language use. All fieldwork was conducted in close collaboration with the Palula-speaking community, and a number of native speakers took active part in the process of data gathering, annotation and data management. The main areas covered are phonology, morphology and syntax, illustrated with a large number of example items and utterances, but also a few selected lexical topics of some prominence have received a more detailed treatment as part of the morphosyntactic structure. Suggestions for further research that should be undertaken are given throughout the grammar. The approach is theory-informed rather than theory-driven, but an underlying functional-typological framework is assumed. Diachronic development is taken into account, particularly in the area of morphology, and comparisons with other languages and references to areal phenomena are included insofar as they are motivated and available. The description also provides a brief introduction to the speaker community and their immediate environment.

Language Policy and Language Conflict in Afghanistan and Its Neighbors
Language Policy and Language Conflict in Afghanistan and Its Neighbors

Author: Harold Schiffman

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2011-12-09

Total Pages: 389

ISBN-13: 9004201459

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The contribution of this collection of articles is to construct an updated picture of languages and language policy in and around Afghanistan, and give potential language learners a clearer picture of what kinds of resources exist, and what is still needed. The book was co-edited by Brian Spooner, Professor of Anthropology at the University of Pennsylvania.