A New Global Geometry?
A New Global Geometry?

Author: Greg Albo

Publisher: NYU Press

Published: 2024-06-18

Total Pages: 239

ISBN-13: 1685900402

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Scrutinizes possibilities for an equalised global order, in light of recent conflicts between the world’s major powers The “post-Cold War era is definitively over,” asserted US President Joe Biden as he launched the new National Security Strategy, warning in late 2022 that “a competition is underway between the major powers to shape what comes next.” American leadership, the document declared, would be more necessary than ever to define "the future of the international order,” insisting that the US must marshal its unparalleled economic, military, and diplomatic resources to confront its geopolitical rivals. Socialist Register 2024: A New Global Geometry? takes stock of momentous changes on the horizon: Even if these geopolitical shifts do not spell the end of globalization, how might they alter its historical trajectory? While it is it premature to speak of the end of the liberal economic order, let alone the development of a multipolar international system, can we begin to assess the dimensions of a new global geometry? And, how might we assess the potential vulnerabilities of socialist movements worldwide, alongside the potential resistance our movements might manage to present, grounded in our historical demands for a democratic and equalizing world order?

NATO 2030
NATO 2030

Author: Jason Blessing

Publisher: Brookings Institution Press

Published: 2021-11-30

Total Pages: 224

ISBN-13: 1947661116

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The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is the world’s largest, most powerful military alliance. The Alliance has navigated and survived the Cold War, the collapse of the Soviet Union, and the post-9/11 era. Since the release of the 2010 Strategic Concept, NATO’s strategic environment has again undergone significant change. The need to adapt is clear. An opportunity to assess the Alliance’s achievements and future goals has now emerged with the Secretary General’s drive to create a new Strategic Concept for the next decade—an initiative dubbed NATO 2030. A necessary step for formulating a new strategic outlook will thus be understanding the future that faces NATO. To remain relevant and adjust to new circumstances, the Alliance must identify its main challenges and opportunities in the next ten years and beyond. This book contributes to critical conversations on NATO’s future vitality by examining the Alliance’s most salient issues and by offering recommendations to ensure its effectiveness moving forward. Written by a diverse, multigenerational group of policymakers and academics from across Europe and the United States, this book provides new insights about NATO’s changing threat landscape, its shifting internal dynamics, and the evolution of warfare. The volume’s authors tackle a wide range of issues, including the challenges of Russia and China, democratic backsliding, burden sharing, the extension of warfare to space and cyberspace, partnerships, and public opinion. With rigorous assessments of NATO’s challenges and opportunities, each chapter provides concrete recommendations for the Alliance to chart a path for the future. As such, this book is an indispensable resource for NATO’s strategic planners and security and defense experts more broadly.

Defense Positioning and Geometry
Defense Positioning and Geometry

Author: Raj Gupta

Publisher: Brookings Institution Press

Published: 2010-12-01

Total Pages: 316

ISBN-13: 9780815707264

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With the dissolution of the Warsaw Pact in Europe and the end of the Cold war, many of the long-standing political and ideological obstacles to minimizing force levels have been removed. The overriding issue is no longer who commands the greatest force divisions; rather, the immediate concern is to establish a minimum threshold to which nations may reduce their force levels and still retain a meaningful defense. In this book, Raj Gupta examines the geometry and positioning of conventional forces, especially at low force levels. Defense Positioning and Geometry uncovers certain spatial relationships that the defending commander must abide by for an effective defense and shows how they can be exploited to construct stable military balances and reduce forces to minimum levels. The author considers a number of important questions that must be addressed to establish a new order of low force levels, such as: What is the absolute minimum force density necessary for a coherent and robust defense? How deep can mutual cuts go without irreparably damaging defense capability and upsetting conventional stability? How should an arms control treaty that cuts deployed forces by 50 percent or more be structured? There is an urgency to develop general, universally applicable principles that dictate how conventional forces should be optimally structured. Such principles, once defined, are certainly applicable directly on the battlefield—in the civil wars in Yugoslavia and the Commonwealth of Independent States, and in the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait and the subsequent response. However, as the author demonstrates, these fundamental defense positioning rules can be employed more constructively in the task of dismantling the redundant firepower amassed by NATO, the Warsaw Pact countries, the Middle East, North and South Korea, and the China-India-Pakistan axis. The book shows how knowledge of the ideal force geometry at low force levels makes it possible to dete

Cross-Domain Deterrence
Cross-Domain Deterrence

Author: Erik Gartzke

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2019-02-01

Total Pages: 399

ISBN-13: 019090867X

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The complexity of the twenty-first century threat landscape contrasts markedly with the bilateral nuclear bargaining context envisioned by classical deterrence theory. Nuclear and conventional arsenals continue to develop alongside anti-satellite programs, autonomous robotics or drones, cyber operations, biotechnology, and other innovations barely imagined in the early nuclear age. The concept of cross-domain deterrence (CDD) emerged near the end of the George W. Bush administration as policymakers and commanders confronted emerging threats to vital military systems in space and cyberspace. The Pentagon now recognizes five operational environments or so-called domains (land, sea, air, space, and cyberspace), and CDD poses serious problems in practice. In Cross-Domain Deterrence, Erik Gartzke and Jon R. Lindsay assess the theoretical relevance of CDD for the field of International Relations. As a general concept, CDD posits that how actors choose to deter affects the quality of the deterrence they achieve. Contributors to this volume include senior and junior scholars and national security practitioners. Their chapters probe the analytical utility of CDD by examining how differences across, and combinations of, different military and non-military instruments can affect choices and outcomes in coercive policy in historical and contemporary cases.

Crime Prevention
Crime Prevention

Author: Steven P. Lab

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2023-02-28

Total Pages: 498

ISBN-13: 1000820033

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Crime Prevention: Approaches, Practices, and Evaluations, Eleventh Edition, meets the needs of students and instructors for engaging, evidence-based, impartial coverage of interventions that can reduce or prevent deviance. This edition examines the entire gamut of prevention, from physical design, to developmental prevention, to identifying high-risk individuals, to situational initiatives, to partnerships, and beyond. Strategies include primary prevention measures designed to prevent conditions that foster deviance, secondary prevention measures directed toward persons or conditions with a high potential for deviance, and tertiary prevention measures to deal with persons who have already committed crimes. In this book, Lab offers a thorough and well-rounded discussion of the many sides of the crime prevention debate in clear and accessible language, including the latest research concerning space syntax, physical environment and crime, neighborhood crime prevention programs, community policing, crime in schools, and electronic monitoring and home confinement. This book is essential for undergraduates studying criminal justice, criminology, and sociology, in the U.S. and globally. Online resources include an instructor’s manual, test bank, and lecture slides for faculty, and a wide array of resources for students.

EVOLUTION OF THE US SEA-BASED NUCLEAR MISSILE DETERRENT: WARFIGHTING CAPABILITIES
EVOLUTION OF THE US SEA-BASED NUCLEAR MISSILE DETERRENT: WARFIGHTING CAPABILITIES

Author: GEORGE J. REFUTO

Publisher: Xlibris Corporation

Published: 2011-08-12

Total Pages: 396

ISBN-13: 1456881167

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This historical research study traces and analyzes the technological development and force deployment of US submarine-launched strategic nuclear ballistic missiles, and the evolution of their military missions - during and after the Cold War - from countervalue (civilian, political and economic targets) strategic deterrence to the wider range of strategic and theater-tactical nuclear/conventional military force targeting, characteristic of counterforce or warfighting capabilities. Scope of this study also includes: US nuclear ballistic missile submarine survivability against antisubmarine warfare operations, and the role of the US fleet ballistic missile force in current 21st Century regional and global military threat scenarios, and beyond.

Unpackaging Art of the 1980s
Unpackaging Art of the 1980s

Author: Alison Pearlman

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Published: 2003-06-15

Total Pages: 288

ISBN-13: 9780226651453

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American art of the 1980s is as misunderstood as it is notorious. Critics of the time feared that market hype and self-promotion threatened the integrity of art. They lashed out at contemporary art, questioning the validity of particular media and methods and dividing the art into opposing camps. While controversies have since subsided, critics still view art of the 1980s as a stylistic battlefield. Alison Pearlman rejects this picture, which is truer of the period's criticism than of its art. Pearlman reassesses the works and careers of six artists who became critics' biggest targets. In each of three chapters, she pairs two artists the critics viewed as emblematic of a given trend: Julian Schnabel and David Salle in association with Neo-Expressionism; Jean-Michel Basquiat and Keith Haring vis-à-vis Graffiti Art; and Peter Halley and Jeff Koons in relation to Simulationism. Pearlman shows how all these artists shared important but unrecognized influences and approaches: a crucial and overwhelming inheritance of 1960s and 1970s Conceptualism, a Warholian understanding of public identity, and a deliberate and nuanced use of past styles and media. Through in-depth discussions of works, from Haring's body-paintings of Grace Jones to Schnabel's movie Basquiat, Pearlman demonstrates how these artists' interests exemplified a broader, generational shift unrecognized by critics. She sees this shift as starting not in the 1980s but in the mid-1970s, when key developments in artistic style, art-world structures, and consumer culture converged to radically alter the course of American art. Unpackaging Art of the 1980s offers an innovative approach to one of the most significant yet least understood episodes in twentieth-century art.

Europe and Israel
Europe and Israel

Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Europe (2007- )

Publisher:

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 68

ISBN-13:

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Drug Abuse: Prevention and Treatment
Drug Abuse: Prevention and Treatment

Author: Mangai Natarajan

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2017-05-15

Total Pages: 437

ISBN-13: 135194276X

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Ever since the Shanghai convention in 1909, the threat posed to human well-being by drug abuse has led countries around the world to take action to deal with their drug problems. There are wide variations in the policies pursued, but most countries try to reduce both the supply of and the demand for drugs. Unfortunately, there is little research consensus on the respective merits of these two approaches or about the best ways to pursue them. Consequently, control and prevention policies are mostly driven by political considerations, economic realities and cultural expectations, though research has played an important part in formulating and evaluating treatments for drug addiction. This volume reviews studies on drug abuse prevention and treatment strategies under five main areas: 1. Reducing supply - strategies to control the flow of drugs from production to retail distribution; 2. Reducing demand - prevention of drug use at all stages of involvement and consumption levels; 3. Reducing harm - promoting situational risk reduction practices for regular users, addicts and recreational users; 4. Reducing addiction - drug treatment options for various groups in various settings; and 5. Drug policies and prescriptions - focused on debates about prohibition and legalization.