Geology and Structural Analysis of Foliation Planes of Granite Gneiss exposed around Kanwara, Dass. Bauchi State
Geology and Structural Analysis of Foliation Planes of Granite Gneiss exposed around Kanwara, Dass. Bauchi State

Author: Umar Sambo Umar

Publisher: GRIN Verlag

Published: 2014-11-25

Total Pages: 82

ISBN-13: 3656846014

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Bachelor Thesis from the year 2011 in the subject Geography / Earth Science - Geology, Mineralogy, Soil Science, grade: A, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University (FACULTY OF SCIENCE), course: GEOLOGY, language: English, abstract: This work produces some vital geologic information on the geology and structural analysis of rocks mapped around Kanwara, Dass local government area of Bauchi State. The mapped area is located between longitude N10001’09” and N1O000’09”and latitude E9032’42” and E9031’26”. Exposure of rocks in the area were mostly high level and medium level outcrops with only a few low level outcrops, the high level outcrops were conically shaped with height ranging between 400m to 700m above sea level while the inselberg was about 900m. The predominant rock types in the area were granite gneiss, biotite granite and migmatite, under thin section, minerals were identified via their respective optical properties under both plane polarized light and cross polarized light, the major minerals associated with the rocks were; biotite, quartz, feldspars, (orthoclase & plagioclase), muscovite and microcline. Based on field observations, the geologic structures found on the rocks include; joints, foliations, minor folds, ghost schist, dykes and veins. The joints indicate the masking effect of the pan African orogeny on the older granites (trending NW-SE). The shape of the girdle from the structural analysis conducted indicates that the rocks of the mapped area were subjected to medium grade metamorphism.

An Analysis of Water Usage and Quality in the State of Bauchi, Nigeria
An Analysis of Water Usage and Quality in the State of Bauchi, Nigeria

Author: Abdulmajid Isa

Publisher: GRIN Verlag

Published: 2018-08-28

Total Pages: 57

ISBN-13: 3668785732

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Bachelor Thesis from the year 2018 in the subject Geography / Earth Science - Geology, Mineralogy, Soil Science, grade: 1, , language: English, abstract: Water is one of the most important natural resources that man is endowed with. Water is next to air as a major sustainer of life in addition to serving as a vital substance for human existence. It plays a major role in progress of our life and National development. In Nigeria majority of the water used domestically in villages, towns and cities are from the ground water resources. Water quality comprises of knowing the Geology and hydrogeology and environmental of the area of interest. In studying the Geology of an area one has to know the different rock types that bear the water in that area and the structures associated with it. Hydrogeology is area of geology that deals with the distribution and movement of groundwater in the soil and rocks of the earth’s crust. It deals with flow of water through aquifers and other shallow porous media. The main aims and objectives of the study are as follows; 1. Determine the ground water quality in the boreholes and hand dug wells in the area and its suitability for domestic and agricultural uses. 2. To provide information for the use of organizations interested in ground water resource development in the area. 3. To satisfy one of the requirements for the award of degree of Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech) in applied Geology at the Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University.

Geology and Economic Potential of Barite Mineralization on Gombe Inlier, Gombe State, Nigeria
Geology and Economic Potential of Barite Mineralization on Gombe Inlier, Gombe State, Nigeria

Author: Ahmed Isah Haruna

Publisher: GRIN Verlag

Published: 2013-04-24

Total Pages: 85

ISBN-13: 3656418292

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Research Paper (postgraduate) from the year 2007 in the subject Geography / Earth Science - Geology, Mineralogy, Soil Science, grade: A, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, course: Applied Geology - Economic Geology/ Mineral Exploration, language: English, abstract: Barite (BaSO4) mineralization occurs within Pan African fracture systems in the Gombe inlier. Gombe Inlier is a Basement dome within the Gongola Basin (Upper Benue trough in Nigeria) which exposes most of the stratigraphic sequence (Bima Sandstone, Yolde Formation, Pindiga Formation and Gombe Sandstone). Fieldwork was conducted from March 23rd – 29th 2007, 20 minerals and rock samples were taken from the veins and host rocks, and then Geochemical, petrographic and structural analysis were conducted to ascertain the quality of barite, associated minerals, nature of host rock and also the type of chemical as well as structural barriers for the mineralization. The results shows that the principal planar planes hosting mineralizations were found to trend mostly in NE – WSW direction which conforms well in smaller scale with the trend of strike slip faults that faulted the inlier and on a larger scale conforms with the general trend of the Benue trough. The fractures are therefore probably subordinate to the general structural trend of the Benue trough. The main associated mineralization was inferred to be anhydrite (CaSO4) which is also a sulphate like barite. This suggest competition for SO32+ by Ba2+ and Ca2+ but the deeper fractures host barite because Ba2+ originate from mantle and brought up by hydrothermal fluid through fractures while Ca2+ could be a dissolved ion in sea water. The quality of the barite in some veins is well over 70% BaSO4 which is economically viable. Part of barite in some veins were leached and recrystallized into spindle crystals by later hydrothermal fluid with little effect on its chemistry. The petrographic studies also revealed the purity of some barite veins and also indicated the presence of other associated minerals and also indicates the nature of the silica chemical barrier for the sulphate mineralizations.

Geology and depositional environment of the Ameki Formation in parts of Bende and environ Southeastern Nigeria
Geology and depositional environment of the Ameki Formation in parts of Bende and environ Southeastern Nigeria

Author: Chidera Ikechukwu

Publisher: GRIN Verlag

Published: 2018-08-13

Total Pages: 119

ISBN-13: 3668772320

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Project Report from the year 2017 in the subject Geography / Earth Science - Geology, Mineralogy, Soil Science, grade: 5.0, , course: Geology, language: English, abstract: This study is aimed at determining the geology and depositional environment of Ameki Formation in Bende and environs through field descriptions, textural analysis and Palynological analysis. The mapped area which covers an area of about 180sq km and is located around Bende, southeastern Nigeria. The study area is bounded by Longitude 07° 30` E and 07° 43` E and Latitudes 05° 30` N and 05° 39` N. The area is underlain by Paleocene Imo Formation and Eocene Ameki Formation. The Ameki Formation is a clastic unit that overlies the marine Imo Formation and it consists of sandstone, shales, limestone, ironstone and siltstones. The Eocene Ameki Formation in southeastern Nigeria consists, in its type locality of five lithologic units; calcareous sandstone, pebbly bioturbated sandstone, grey-dark shale, argillaceous sandstone and pebbly sandstone. The floral, faunal and lithologic studies of the Eocene Ameki Formation suggest sediments deposited in a continuity from nearshore (barrier-ridge estuarine complex) to shallow marine (intertidal and subtidal zones) environment. The sieve analysis unveils that the univariate parameters indicate a fluvially intercepted shallow marine environment with tidal crosscuts, the log probability plots suggest tidal environment while from the bivariate plots; a beach influenced fluvial environment is interpreted. The pebble morphological analysis showed that the pebble clast have being shaped by beach action as revealed by the bivariate scatter plots of pebble form indices while in multivariate aspect a fluvially dissected shallow marine environment with tidal interferences was interpreted. The palynological analysis indicated a marginal marine source for the sediment and that the formation (Ameki) is Eocene in age.

Structural Geology
Structural Geology

Author: Haakon Fossen

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2010-07-15

Total Pages: 481

ISBN-13: 1139488619

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Lavishly illustrated in color, this textbook takes an applied approach to introduce undergraduate students to the basic principles of structural geology. The book provides unique links to industry applications in the upper crust, including petroleum and groundwater geology, which highlight the importance of structural geology in exploration and exploitation of petroleum and water resources. Topics range from faults and fractures forming near the surface to shear zones and folds of the deep crust. Students are engaged through examples and parallels drawn from practical everyday situations, enabling them to connect theory with practice. Containing numerous end-of-chapter problems, e-learning modules, and with stunning field photos and illustrations, this book provides the ultimate learning experience for all students of structural geology.

Problems and Solutions in Structural Geology and Tectonics
Problems and Solutions in Structural Geology and Tectonics

Author:

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2019-02-26

Total Pages: 318

ISBN-13: 0128140496

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Problems and Solutions in Structural Geology and Tectonics, Volume 5, in the series Developments in Structural Geology and Tectonics, presents students, researchers and practitioners with an all-new set of problems and solutions that structural geologists and tectonics researchers commonly face. Topics covered include ductile deformation (such as strain analyses), brittle deformation (such as rock fracturing), brittle-ductile deformation, collisional and shortening tectonics, thrust-related exercises, rift and extensional tectonics, strike slip tectonics, and cross-section balancing exercises. The book provides a how-to guide for students of structural geology and geologists working in the oil, gas and mining industries. - Provides practical solutions to industry-related issues, such as well bore stability - Allows for self-study and includes background information and explanation of research and industry jargon - Includes full color diagrams to explain 3D issues

Tectonic and Structural Framework of the Zagros Fold-Thrust Belt
Tectonic and Structural Framework of the Zagros Fold-Thrust Belt

Author: Ali Farzipour Saein

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2018-12-07

Total Pages: 284

ISBN-13: 0128150491

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The latest volume in the Developments in Structural Geology and Tectonics series from Elsevier, Tectonic and Structural Framework of the Zagros Fold–Thrust Belt is a collection of the most up-to date research and developments in the unique tectonic and structural geology of the Zagros. The Zagros fold–thrust belt is famous among geologists and is one of the most-studied terrains in the world. Because of its unique structures, the Zagros orogeny is challenging for many researchers and experts; this book is the essential reference that collates the newest data and fully explores that aspect. In addition, because the Zagros range is a potential source for hydrocarbons, it is of interest to petroleum geologists and exploration companies worldwide. This book is an essential, cutting-edge reference for oil companies, structural geologists, and students at both the undergraduate and postgraduate levels. - Includes valuable new data about one of the most famous collisional mountain ranges in the world, the Zagros fold–thrust belts, as a guide for other collisional ranges such as the Himalaya, the Alps, and the Andes, as they share common fundamental deformation mechanisms - Provides research from geologists across the world, with the goal of understanding the unique dynamics and kinematics of the Zagros range

Earth Structures
Earth Structures

Author: Stephen Marshak

Publisher:

Published: 2010-06-04

Total Pages: 672

ISBN-13: 9780393117806

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The Second Edition also benefits from new artwork that clearly illustrates complex concepts. New to the Second Edition: New Chapter: 15, "Geophysical Imaging," by Frederick Cook Within Chapters 21 and 22, four new essays on "Regional Perspectives" discuss the European Alps, the Altaids, the Appalachians, and the Cascadia Wedge. New and updated art for more informative illustration of concepts. The Second Edition now has 570 black & white figures.

Tectonics and Structural Geology: Indian Context
Tectonics and Structural Geology: Indian Context

Author: Soumyajit Mukherjee

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-10-30

Total Pages: 461

ISBN-13: 3319993410

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This book presents a compilation of findings, review and original works, on the tectonic evolution and structural detail of several terrains in India. It captures the tectonic diversity of the Indian terrain, including tectonics of India's coastal areas, the tectonic evolution of Gondwana and Proterozoic (Purana) basins. It also describes the research results of the Indian craton's geo-history, Tertiary Bengal basin, and also the Himalayan collisional zone. Thus the book covers the deformation history of Indian terrain involving strike slip, compressional and extensional tectonics, and ductile and brittle shear deformations.

Atlas of Structural Geology
Atlas of Structural Geology

Author: Soumyajit Mukherjee

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2015-04-28

Total Pages: 183

ISBN-13: 0124202063

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Atlas of Structural Geology features a broad and inclusive range of high-quality meso- and micro-scale full-color photographs, descriptions, and captions related to the deformation of rocks and geologic structures. It is a multi-contributed, comprehensive reference that includes submissions from many of the world's leading structural geologists, making it the most thorough and comprehensive reference available to the scientific community. All types of structures are featured, including structures related to ductile and brittle shear zones, sigma- and delta-structures, mineral fish, duplexes and trapezoids, shear related folds, and flanking structures in meso- and micro-scales. A stunning collection of the world's most beautiful and arresting geologic structures, the Atlas of Structural Geology is the ideal aid in the retention of key concepts in geology. - Presents more than 250 top-quality, full-color photographs contributed by the world's most respected structural geologists - Features a broad range of morphological variations of geologic structures, making it the most up-to-date and inclusive reference of its kind - Edited by a structural geologist with 14 years of experience in related research and instruction - Aids researchers in developing mathematical and analogue models on the peculiarity and uniqueness of the world's most iconic structures