Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles
Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2015-09-28

Total Pages: 812

ISBN-13: 0309373913

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The light-duty vehicle fleet is expected to undergo substantial technological changes over the next several decades. New powertrain designs, alternative fuels, advanced materials and significant changes to the vehicle body are being driven by increasingly stringent fuel economy and greenhouse gas emission standards. By the end of the next decade, cars and light-duty trucks will be more fuel efficient, weigh less, emit less air pollutants, have more safety features, and will be more expensive to purchase relative to current vehicles. Though the gasoline-powered spark ignition engine will continue to be the dominant powertrain configuration even through 2030, such vehicles will be equipped with advanced technologies, materials, electronics and controls, and aerodynamics. And by 2030, the deployment of alternative methods to propel and fuel vehicles and alternative modes of transportation, including autonomous vehicles, will be well underway. What are these new technologies - how will they work, and will some technologies be more effective than others? Written to inform The United States Department of Transportation's National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission standards, this new report from the National Research Council is a technical evaluation of costs, benefits, and implementation issues of fuel reduction technologies for next-generation light-duty vehicles. Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles estimates the cost, potential efficiency improvements, and barriers to commercial deployment of technologies that might be employed from 2020 to 2030. This report describes these promising technologies and makes recommendations for their inclusion on the list of technologies applicable for the 2017-2025 CAFE standards.

Energy Efficiency of Vehicles
Energy Efficiency of Vehicles

Author: Doug Carroll

Publisher: SAE International

Published: 2020-12-18

Total Pages: 306

ISBN-13: 1468601482

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Energy Efficiency of Vehicles educates readers about energy and the environment and the relationship between the energy we use and the environment. The world is at a point in time when people need to make very important decisions about energy in the next few decades. This book enables readers to utilize our scientific knowledge to make good rational decisions. Energy Efficiency of Vehicles provides information on: Calculations related to energy, power, and efficiency, and the impact of using different types of energy on the environment. Environmental consequences of consuming energy. Models related to impact of city driving on the energy efficiency and fuel economy of cars and trucks.

Automotive Fuel Economy
Automotive Fuel Economy

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 1992-02-01

Total Pages: 280

ISBN-13: 0309045304

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This volume presents realistic estimates for the level of fuel economy that is achievable in the next decade for cars and light trucks made in the United States and Canada. A source of objective and comprehensive information on the topic, this book takes into account real-world factors such as the financial conditions in the automotive industry, costs and benefits to consumers, and marketability of high-efficiency vehicles. The committee is composed of experts from the fields of science, technology, finance, and regulation and offers practical evaluations of technological improvements that could contribute to increased fuel efficiency. The volume also examines potential barriers to improvement, such as high production costs, regulations on safety and emissions, and consumer preferences. This practical book is of considerable interest to car and light truck manufacturers, policymakers, federal and state agencies, and the public.

America's Energy Future
America's Energy Future

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2009-12-15

Total Pages: 737

ISBN-13: 0309149096

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For multi-user PDF licensing, please contact customer service. Energy touches our lives in countless ways and its costs are felt when we fill up at the gas pump, pay our home heating bills, and keep businesses both large and small running. There are long-term costs as well: to the environment, as natural resources are depleted and pollution contributes to global climate change, and to national security and independence, as many of the world's current energy sources are increasingly concentrated in geopolitically unstable regions. The country's challenge is to develop an energy portfolio that addresses these concerns while still providing sufficient, affordable energy reserves for the nation. The United States has enormous resources to put behind solutions to this energy challenge; the dilemma is to identify which solutions are the right ones. Before deciding which energy technologies to develop, and on what timeline, we need to understand them better. America's Energy Future analyzes the potential of a wide range of technologies for generation, distribution, and conservation of energy. This book considers technologies to increase energy efficiency, coal-fired power generation, nuclear power, renewable energy, oil and natural gas, and alternative transportation fuels. It offers a detailed assessment of the associated impacts and projected costs of implementing each technology and categorizes them into three time frames for implementation.

Effectiveness and Impact of Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards
Effectiveness and Impact of Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2002-01-29

Total Pages: 181

ISBN-13: 0309170567

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Since CAFE standards were established 25 years ago, there have been significant changes in motor vehicle technology, globalization of the industry, the mix and characteristics of vehicle sales, production capacity, and other factors. This volume evaluates the implications of these changes as well as changes anticipated in the next few years, on the need for CAFE, as well as the stringency and/or structure of the CAFE program in future years.

Lives Per Gallon
Lives Per Gallon

Author: Terry Tamminen

Publisher: Island Press

Published: 2006-10-02

Total Pages: 385

ISBN-13: 1597261017

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"America is addicted to oil. The diagnosis is clear, but what's the true price of dependence? Who's paying with their lives? Who's profiting? And, most importantly, what's the cure?" "Terry Tamminen, Special Advisor to California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger, provides real answers in this indictment of the oil economy and the corporate titans that drive it. With all eyes focused on soaring prices at the pump, Tamminen reveals oil's more insidious costs: tens of billions spent annually to secure our global supply; crops ruined by petroleum pollution; cancer, asthma, and birth defects caused by car exhaust; and the list goes on. Simply living in a smog-filled city can be as dangerous as smoking half a pack of cigarettes a day." "Like big tobacco, Tamminen argues, the oil and auto industries have deceived us to line their own pockets. With tales of corporations knowingly exposing citizens to poisonous chemicals, conspiring to derail public transportation, and purposely disablng their own pollution controls, he builds a case against powerful industries." "And he shows how demanding accountability, as the public did through successful lawsuits against cigarette companies, could help pave the road to sustainable energy. Instead of subsidizing oil companies and auto makers through huge tax breaks, Tamminen proposes collecting damages and investing in clean technologies."--BOOK JACKET.

Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles
Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2010-07-30

Total Pages: 251

ISBN-13: 0309159474

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Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles evaluates various technologies and methods that could improve the fuel economy of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, such as tractor-trailers, transit buses, and work trucks. The book also recommends approaches that federal agencies could use to regulate these vehicles' fuel consumption. Currently there are no fuel consumption standards for such vehicles, which account for about 26 percent of the transportation fuel used in the U.S. The miles-per-gallon measure used to regulate the fuel economy of passenger cars. is not appropriate for medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, which are designed above all to carry loads efficiently. Instead, any regulation of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles should use a metric that reflects the efficiency with which a vehicle moves goods or passengers, such as gallons per ton-mile, a unit that reflects the amount of fuel a vehicle would use to carry a ton of goods one mile. This is called load-specific fuel consumption (LSFC). The book estimates the improvements that various technologies could achieve over the next decade in seven vehicle types. For example, using advanced diesel engines in tractor-trailers could lower their fuel consumption by up to 20 percent by 2020, and improved aerodynamics could yield an 11 percent reduction. Hybrid powertrains could lower the fuel consumption of vehicles that stop frequently, such as garbage trucks and transit buses, by as much 35 percent in the same time frame.