The author shares her family's experience with FAS and the perseverance, sense of humor, and love that daily overcome its effects. Taylor's personal insight will capture readers as she describes the daily challenges of raising a child with special needs.
Alcohol is the leading cause of preventable birth defects and developmental disabilities in the United States. Fetal alcohol syndrome is the most severe of these abnormalities, and it is caused by heavy drinking during pregnancy. While addiction may be one of the factors, there are several factors as to why a woman would drink while pregnant, but there is no measured amount of alcohol that is deemed safe during pregnancy. This volume explores the causes of fetal alcohol syndrome and the spectrum of symptoms associated with it, which can be physical and psychological and fall within a wide range of severity. Author Gail B. Stewart also discusses the difficulty in diagnosing the disease and what researchers, teachers, and caregivers are doing to try to improve the lives of people with Fetal alcohol syndrome.
Given that persons typically have a right not to be subjected to the hard treatment of punishment, it would seem natural to conclude that the permissibility of punishment is centrally a question of rights. Despite this, the vast majority of theorists working on punishment focus instead on important aims, such as achieving retributive justice, deterring crime, restoring victims, or expressing society's core values. Wellman contends that these aims may well explain why we should want a properly constructed system of punishment, but none shows why it would be permissible to institute one. Only a rights-based analysis will suffice, because the type of justification we seek for punishment must demonstrate that punishment is permissible, and it would be permissible only if it violated no one's rights. On Wellman's view, punishment is permissible just in case the wrongdoer has forfeited her right against punishment by culpably violating (or at least attempting to violate) the rights of others. After defending rights forfeiture theory against the standard objections, Wellman explains this theory's implications for a number of core issues in criminal law, including the authority of the state, international criminal law, the proper scope of the criminal law and the tort/crime distinction, procedural rights, and the justification of mala prohibita.
This book addresses a critical public health problem in America - the leading preventable cause of birth defects, neurodevelopmental disorders and intellectual disability: prenatal alcohol exposure. Dr. Rich provides insight into the prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorder associated with prenatal alcohol exposure (ND-PAE) among juveniles accused of violent crimes, in neighborhoods where America's "least valued" citizens reside, and even in upper middle class communities. The problem develops as early as the first three weeks of pregnancy, when many women are unaware that they are pregnant. With appropriate diagnosis and treatment, affected individuals can avoid a lifetime of lost potential from substance use disorders, incarceration, unemployment, and homelessness. From her broad psychiatric, forensic, and public health experience, Dr. Rich has crafted a reasoned, passionate argument for communities and professionals to unite in ending an epidemic that currently affects one in twenty American children.
The first social history of disability and difference in American adoption, from the Progressive Era to the end of the twentieth century. Disability and child welfare, together and apart, are major concerns in American society. Today, about 125,000 children in foster care are eligible and waiting for adoption, and while many children wait more than two years to be adopted, children with disabilities wait even longer. In Familial Fitness, Sandra M. Sufian uncovers how disability operates as a fundamental category in the making of the American family, tracing major shifts in policy, practice, and attitudes about the adoptability of disabled children over the course of the twentieth century. Chronicling the long, complex history of disability, Familial Fitness explores how notions and practices of adoption have—and haven’t—accommodated disability, and how the language of risk enters into that complicated relationship. We see how the field of adoption moved from widely excluding children with disabilities in the early twentieth century to partially including them at its close. As Sufian traces this historical process, she examines the forces that shaped, and continue to shape, access to the social institution of family and invites readers to rethink the meaning of family itself.
Carrie O'Toole shares her experiences with adopting a child from VietNam and trying to integrate him into the household, only to find he suffered from Reactive Attachment Disorder. After struggling for ten years, Carrie and her husband come to understand their son needed more than they could give and they made the difficult decision to relinquish him to a couple better prepared to help the boy succeed in spite of his disorder.