Food Security and Capacity Building for Sustainable Livelihood
Food Security and Capacity Building for Sustainable Livelihood

Author: Embaye Kidanu

Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing

Published: 2012

Total Pages: 56

ISBN-13: 9783659271656

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The economic policy of Ethiopia aims at ensuring rapid and sustainable development through an agriculture-centered development strategy. This strategy is known as Agriculture Development Led Industrialisation strategy (ADLI), and concentrates mainly on the linkages between agriculture and other sectors of the economy. Agricultural growth is seen as a guarantee against food insecurity in the country. The food security strategy5 of Ethiopia is based on three important aspects: a)increasing food and agricultural production, b) improving food entitlement and c) strengthening capacity to manage food crises. In order to improve agricultural production a major emphasis is given to increasing productivity through the diffusion of improved technologies. In the food entitlement strategy, the focus is on reducing vulnerability in drought prone areas. The strategy also focuses on strengthening emergency capabilities. It involves maintaining emergency food reserves, developing an effective early warning system, and holding strategic seed reserves.

COVID-19 and food security in Ethiopia: Do social protection programs protect?
COVID-19 and food security in Ethiopia: Do social protection programs protect?

Author: Abay, Kibrom A.

Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst

Published: 2020-11-11

Total Pages: 46

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

We assess the impact of Ethiopia’s flagship social protection program, the Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP) on the adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on food and nutrition security of households, mothers, and children. We use both pre-pandemic in-person household survey data and a post-pandemic phone survey. Two thirds of our respondents reported that their incomes had fallen after the pandemic began and almost half reported that their ability to satisfy their food needs had worsened. Employing a household fixed effects difference-in-difference approach, we find that the household food insecurity increased by 11.7 percentage points and the size of the food gap by 0.47 months in the aftermath of the onset of the pandemic. Participation in the PSNP offsets virtually all of this adverse change; the likelihood of becoming food insecure increased by only 2.4 percentage points for PSNP households and the duration of the food gap increased by only 0.13 months. The protective role of PSNP is greater for poorer households and those living in remote areas. Results are robust to definitions of PSNP participation, different estimators and how we account for the non-randomness of mobile phone ownership. PSNP households were less likely to reduce expenditures on health and education by 7.7 percentage points and were less likely to reduce expenditures on agricultural inputs by 13 percentage points. By contrast, mothers’ and children’s diets changed little, despite some changes in the composition of diets with consumption of animal source foods declining significantly.

An Ecological Livelihoods Approach to Strengthen Food Security in Tigray and the Southern Nations, Nationalities, & Peoples' Regions of Ethiopia
An Ecological Livelihoods Approach to Strengthen Food Security in Tigray and the Southern Nations, Nationalities, & Peoples' Regions of Ethiopia

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Globally, nearly 1 billion people are food insecure, the majority of whom live in developing countries. One measure of food insecurity, the prevalence of children under-5 years of age that are underweight, is estimated to underlie the deaths of 3.1 million children globally each year, representing nearly 45% of all mortality in this age category. There are multiple underlying causes of food insecurity, including unclean water, political instability, lack of health services, climate change, and low rates of education. These underlying causes require actions by multiple sectors in order to improve food security outcomes. These interventions, termed "nutrition-sensitive interventions," include food security programs, agricultural development, education, water and sanitation projects, poverty reduction, and women's empowerment. However, indicators for measuring the impact of nutrition-sensitive interventions are often discipline and project specific, and do not address a broad range of multi-sectorial indicators. Thus, current programs miss key elements of drivers and barriers to food security and fail to incorporate these to ensure success of programs. One framework that has informed the design of multi-sector food security programs in developing countries is the Sustainable Livelihoods Approach (SLA), developed by the United Kingdom's Department for International Development (DFID). Applications of the SLA demonstrate that households most successful in maintaining food security do so in ways that maximize multiple types of assets. This view of food security focuses on households' long-term resilience to external shocks that can disrupt it, and directs intervention activities to multi-sector, participatory processes for solutions that come from within communities rather than providing single-sector, short-term services that are externally driven. The SLA has primarily been applied at the household level; however, food security and livelihoods strategies are multi-dimensional and influenced by community, organizational, and political environments. To address this gap, my research integrates an ecological systems approach to the SLA model to consider the inter-relationships at the different household, community, political, and institutional levels to improve the design and evaluation of food security programs

An Ecological Livelihoods Approach to Strengthen Food Security in Tigray and the Southern Nations, Nationalities, & Peoples’ Regions of Ethiopia
An Ecological Livelihoods Approach to Strengthen Food Security in Tigray and the Southern Nations, Nationalities, & Peoples’ Regions of Ethiopia

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 2016

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Globally, nearly 1 billion people are food insecure, the majority of whom live in developing countries. One measure of food insecurity, the prevalence of children under-5 years of age that are underweight, is estimated to underlie the deaths of 3.1 million children globally each year, representing nearly 45% of all mortality in this age category. There are multiple underlying causes of food insecurity, including unclean water, political instability, lack of health services, climate change, and low rates of education. These underlying causes require actions by multiple sectors in order to improve food security outcomes. These interventions, termed “nutrition-sensitive interventions,” include food security programs, agricultural development, education, water and sanitation projects, poverty reduction, and women’s empowerment. However, indicators for measuring the impact of nutrition-sensitive interventions are often discipline and project specific, and do not address a broad range of multi-sectorial indicators. Thus, current programs miss key elements of drivers and barriers to food security and fail to incorporate these to ensure success of programs. One framework that has informed the design of multi-sector food security programs in developing countries is the Sustainable Livelihoods Approach (SLA), developed by the United Kingdom’s Department for International Development (DFID). Applications of the SLA demonstrate that households most successful in maintaining food security do so in ways that maximize multiple types of assets. This view of food security focuses on households’ long-term resilience to external shocks that can disrupt it, and directs intervention activities to multi-sector, participatory processes for solutions that come from within communities rather than providing single-sector, short-term services that are externally driven. The SLA has primarily been applied at the household level; however, food security and livelihoods strategies are multi-dimensional and influenced by community, organizational, and political environments. To address this gap, my research integrates an ecological systems approach to the SLA model to consider the inter-relationships at the different household, community, political, and institutional levels to improve the design and evaluation of food security programs.

Poverty, Food Insecurity and Livelihood Strategies in Rural Ethiopia
Poverty, Food Insecurity and Livelihood Strategies in Rural Ethiopia

Author: Shumete Gizaw Woldeamanuel

Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing

Published: 2012-03

Total Pages: 112

ISBN-13: 9783848411221

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Poverty and food insecurity are overwhelming problems of rural Ethiopia. This book argues for approaching poverty and food insecurity as the two sides of the same coin in the areas where the two ideas cannot be separated. The book begins with an exposition of the concepts of poverty and food insecurity and shows that being rural means being at risk of limited livelihood opportunities. This piece of work is an exploratory one and preferred to triangulate quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection and analysis. It argues that applying sustainable livelihood framework combines rural livelihood strategies to promote rural development through growth in agriculture and rural off-farm activities with non-rural strategies that provide people with diversified livelihood sources. It goes on to argue that that there are both natural and human factors that intensified the existing poverty and food insecurity in the area. Evidence is presented to substantiate this argument. The book concludes by discussing the implications of applying holistic approach to poverty reduction and food security; and also the danger of overlooking indigenous knowledge of the local people.

Improved Livelihoods Or Mere Survival?
Improved Livelihoods Or Mere Survival?

Author: K. van Doorn

Publisher:

Published: 2010

Total Pages: 96

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

In 2005, the Ethiopian government, supported by foreign donors, introduced a new food security programme – the National Food Security Programme (NFSP) – which aimed to provide food security for the poorest rural households. The NFSP consists of the Productive Safety-Net Programme (PSNP), Other Food Security Programmes (OFSP) and a Voluntary Resettlement Programme. The PSNP and the OFSP have received most (inter)national attention and by far most of the resources are allocated for these two components. Knowledge about local perspectives on food security is scarce and the impact of the NFSP is limited. Therefore, this research aims to: 1. Increase understanding of how rural households in Ethiopia use the NFSP to improve on their food security status; 2. Look at the appropriateness and apply the Sustainable Livelihoods Conceptual Framework of Adato and Meinzen-Dick (2002) to analyse livelihood strategies in Ethiopia; 3. Assess the degree to which the NFSP is an effective tool in the fight against food insecurity.