The Scientific Basis of Flocculation
The Scientific Basis of Flocculation

Author: K.J. Ives

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 370

ISBN-13: 9400999380

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K.J. Ives Professor of Public Health Engineering University College London The aggregation of small particles in liquids, to form flocs which are large enough to settle, or to be filtered, is a common operation in industrial processes, and water and wastewater treatment. This aggregation, given the general title flliocculation in this book, may be brought about by the addition of chemicals to reduce the stability of the original suspension, by neutralising electrical forces of repulsion, by the addition of chemicals (polymers) to link particles by bridging action, by the addition of chemicals which form particles to increase collision proba bilities, and by the input of energy leading to hydrodynamically induced collisions. The particles undergoing flocculation may range from colloidal in the nanometer size range, through micro scopic (micron) size, up to visible particles in the millimeter size range; that is a total size range of six orders of magnitude. Consequently the colloid chemist and the hydrodynamicist are both concerned with the interactions that take place, and to them the engineer must turn, to obtain the fundamental information ne cessary for the process design and its associated hardware.

Coagulation and Flocculation in Water and Wastewater Treatment
Coagulation and Flocculation in Water and Wastewater Treatment

Author: John Bratby

Publisher: IWA Publishing

Published: 2006-10-15

Total Pages: 421

ISBN-13: 1843391066

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Coagulation and Flocculation in Water and Wastewater Treatment provides a comprehensive account of coagulation and flocculation techniques and technologies in a single volume covering theoretical principles to practical applications. Thoroughly revised and updated since the 1st Edition it has been progressively modified and increased in scope to cater for the requirements of practitioners involved with water and wastewater treatment. A thorough gamut of treatment scenarios is attempted, including turbidity, color and organics removal, including the technical aspects of enhanced coagulation. The effects of temperature and ionic content are described as well as the removal of specific substances such as arsenic and phosphorus. Chemical phosphorus removal is dealt with in detail, Rapid mixing for efficient coagulant utilization, and flocculation are dealt with in specific chapters. Water treatment plant waste sludge disposal is dealt with in considerable detail, in an Appendix devoted to this subject. Invaluble for water scientists, engineers and students of this field, Coagulation and Flocculation in Water and Wastewater Treatment is a convenient reference handbook in the form of numerous examples and appended information.

Optimization of Micro Processes in Fine Particle Agglomeration by Pelleting Flocculation
Optimization of Micro Processes in Fine Particle Agglomeration by Pelleting Flocculation

Author: Benjamin Oyegbile

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2016-06-22

Total Pages: 130

ISBN-13: 1317371461

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Efficient particle separation in order to meet stringent regulatory standards represent one of the biggest challenges facing the process industry operators today. Emerging environmental problems such as climate change, population growth and natural resource depletion make it more compelling to undertake research into alternative phase separation techniques and optimization of existing ones. Meeting this challenge requires innovative, revolutionary and integrated approach in the design and optimization of various unit processes in fine particle separation. Flocculation is widely used as an effective phase separation technique across many process industries such as water and wastewater treatment and in minerals processing. In this work, a new pre-treatment technique was developed using a patented bench scale reactor unit as a technical proof of concept. Furthermore, the book provides a valuable insight into the hydrodynamics and fluid-particle interactions within the agglomeration units. The relatively high solids content of the stable pellets (approximately 30 %) and very low residual turbidity of the post-sedimentation supernatant (7 NTU) clearly demonstrate the potential of this technique. In addition to significantly improving the subsequent solid-liquid separation efficiency, this study also showed that the effluent can be recycled back into the sewer network or utilized for non-portable reuse. The findings obtained from this research will be extremely useful in the scaling up and optimization of the reactor system.

Basic Studies on the Dual-Polymer Flocculation of Iron Hydroxide
Basic Studies on the Dual-Polymer Flocculation of Iron Hydroxide

Author: Adegbite Adeleke Adesipo

Publisher: Anchor Academic Publishing

Published: 2017-11-02

Total Pages: 42

ISBN-13: 3960676999

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The efficiency of synthetic flocculants in flocculation processes has been identified by several authors over the years, and this makes it applicable in the industry. Nowadays, studies are focused on the combination of polymers for optimal performance. In this study, the physicochemical conditioning of iron hydroxide suspension (obtained sludge from the lignite mined sites in the Lusatia region of Germany) was investigated with flocculants of different properties as single polymer conditioning (C492 and A130) and as dual-polymer conditioning (C492+N300, A130+N300 and C492+A130) using Jar test. C492 is a cationic flocculant, A130 is an anionic flocculant, and N300 is a non-ionic flocculant. Turbidity of the supernatant and the sludge volume index were the assessing parameters considered under dosage range of 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 2.0, 2.8 and 3.6 mg/gTS. The obtained optimization results were compared to the actual separation with respect to specific filtration resistance from pressure filtration. The obtained results show some interesting differences which are discussed in this book.