Financial Structural Change, Liberalization and Liquidity Market Integrity in China
Financial Structural Change, Liberalization and Liquidity Market Integrity in China

Author: Francis Mulenga Muma

Publisher: GRIN Verlag

Published: 2012-07-31

Total Pages: 29

ISBN-13: 365624894X

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Research Paper (undergraduate) from the year 2011 in the subject Economics - Monetary theory and policy, grade: A, Xiamen University (School of Economics), course: Economics, language: English, abstract: Money market refers to an exchange for buying and selling of financial and money market instruments where financial institutions make transactions of short-term financial instruments for short-term financing and liquidity management. China’s money market is mainly made up of interbank funding market and bond repurchase agreement market commonly referred to as repo market.Since the market-oriented economic reform in 1978, China has entered into a stage of financial deregulation and liberalization. With the growth of the national economy and change of national income structure, China’s finance has increased rapidly, which has brought a great deal of changes in the financial structure. In 1978, broad money (M2) balance was near RMB150 billion yuan. By the end of 2001, M2 balance was up to RMB16,000 billion yuan, an increase of over 100 times in the past twenty years, implying a growth rate of 5 percent a year in 20 years. However, with this financial development and deepening, China needs to liberalize the financial market further and let the liquidity conditions reflect the market realities and integrity. Some scholars argue that China’s financial liberalization remains incomplete as the behavior of short-term market-determined interest rates is influenced by regulated rates. This paper argues that to have integrity of the market China should further liberalize its retail interest rates to allow all interest rates to better reflect liquidity conditions and the scarcity of capital. China has taken important steps to liberalize its interest rates. Short-term interbank interest rates were liberalized initially, financial and treasury bond yields were liberalized soon after, followed later by the liberalization of the corporate fixed income market. The creation of the short-term financing bond in 2005 and medium-term financing note in 2008, with unregulated interest rates and liberal issuance criteria, were major advances in the development of the corporate financing market. In 2007, seeking to make interest rates better reflect market conditions and create a more stable benchmark yield curve at longer maturities, the Chinese authorities also launched the Shanghai Interbank Offered Rate (SHIBOR) benchmark rate system.In so doing we hope this will reflect a better and genuine financial Liberalization with integrity of the market that is more aspiring and creates market confidence. Keywords: Financial Liberalization, Integrity of the Market.

Financial Reform and Economic Development in China
Financial Reform and Economic Development in China

Author: James Laurenceson

Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing

Published: 2003-01-01

Total Pages: 188

ISBN-13: 9781843767190

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China's prospects of successfully completing the transition to a market economy and becoming the world's largest economy during the 21st Century depend on the future sustainability of high rates of economic growth. This book is a comprehensive, balanced and realistic assessment of China's financial reform program and future direction. Covering not only the banking sector but also non-bank financial institutions, stock market development and external financial liberalization, the authors examine the impact of financial reform on economic development in China during the reform period. This volume will facilitate a more accurate assessment of the Chinese approach to financial reform, and will therefore allow more informed future policy choices for both China and other developing and transitional countries.

Repo Market and Structure of Short Term Interest Rates in China
Repo Market and Structure of Short Term Interest Rates in China

Author: Francis Mulenga Muma

Publisher: GRIN Verlag

Published: 2013-05-10

Total Pages: 28

ISBN-13: 3656427461

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Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2011 im Fachbereich BWL - Bank, Börse, Versicherung, Xiamen University, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Money market refers to the market where financial institutions make transactions of short-term financial instruments for short-term financing and liquidity management. China’s money market is mainly made up of interbank funding market and bond repurchase agreement market commonly referred to as repo market. Some scholars argue that China’s financial liberalization remains incomplete as the behaviour of short-term market-determined interest rates is influenced by regulated rates. This paper argues that to have integrity of the market China should further liberalize its retail interest rates to allow all interest rates to better reflect liquidity conditions and the scarcity of capital. At present, the relevant research of the term structure of interest rates of China is mostly directed against a certain specific market or a certain specific method, lacking market integrality. For constructing a systemic, scientific term structure of interest rate of China, respective term structure of interest rate is deduced from the treasury bond market, bank deposit market, inter-bank borrowing market, bank repo market, and RMB interest rate swap market. And then according to different weights, a synthesized term structure of interest rate of China is constructed out. Finally, empirical research is carried on by use of this method. Empirical results show that the method is better than the traditional methods, and the synthesized term structure curve of interest rate by the method is between various kinds of term structure curves by the traditional methods, reflecting the situation and information of each market on the whole. Since the market-oriented economic reform in 1978, China has entered into a stage of financial deregulation and liberalization. With the growth of the national economy and change of national income structure, China’s finance has increased rapidly, which brought great changes in the financial structure. In 1978, broad money (M2) balance was near RMB150 billion yuan. By the end of 2001, broad money balance was up to RMB16000 billion yuan, an increase of over 100 times in the past twenty years.

China's Financial Sector Reform in the Transition to a Market Economy
China's Financial Sector Reform in the Transition to a Market Economy

Author: Feng Wei

Publisher: LIT Verlag Münster

Published: 2000

Total Pages: 332

ISBN-13:

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" The book is a problem-oriented study of China's financial sector in the transitional process since 1979. It provides deep and precise insights into the characteristics and problems of China's financial sector with respect to investment finance, the central banking and commercial banking systems, the financial market, and the legal and institutional framework of bank supervision in China. More importantly, the book has also proposed workable strategies for resolving two acute problems: interest rate liberalization and solving the issue of non-performing loans in China's banking system. The recent financial crisis in Asia is also a subject of the book, especially as regards its effects on the banking sector, stock markets, and extemal financial market liberalization in China. Furthermore, a projection is made about the trends in Chinese economic policies, particularly the interest rate policy, the exchange rate policy, and the fiscal policy, and about the perspectives of China's financial sector reform. This book is a valuable reference for academic researchers, investors, business managers, and policy-makers who are concemed with China's banking and financial system. "

Impact of Financial Liberalisation on Stock Market Liquidity
Impact of Financial Liberalisation on Stock Market Liquidity

Author: Jess Lee

Publisher:

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 22

ISBN-13:

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This paper assesses the impact of the recent financial reforms in China. Following the country's accession to the World Trade Organization, financial liberalisation has picked up considerable momentum. Measures introduced encompass deregulation in the banking sector and refinements in various financial markets, as well as allowing more freedom for Chinese and foreign investors to participate and interact domestically and overseas. Compared to other studies on financial liberalisation, this study focuses on a relatively narrower aspect of financial reforms namely, the impact on stock market liquidity. Using a panel data set drawn from the Shanghai stock market, we find a positive and significant liquidity impact associated with the recent round of measures, which reflects not only an improvement in capital allocation efficiency in China's equity market but, from a financial stability point of view, also a reduction in its vulnerability. The finding also provides evidence on one of the important channels in which financial liberalisation can be transformed into economic growth over time.

Financial Market Regulation and Reforms in Emerging Markets
Financial Market Regulation and Reforms in Emerging Markets

Author: Masahiro Kawai

Publisher: Brookings Institution Press

Published: 2011

Total Pages: 441

ISBN-13: 0815704895

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"In the wake of the global financial crisis that began in 2008, offers a systematic overview of recent developments in regulatory frameworks in advanced and emerging-market countries, outlining challenges to improving regulation, markets, and access in developing economies"--Provided by publisher.

Global Financial Stability Report, October 2017
Global Financial Stability Report, October 2017

Author: International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Financial Systems Dept.

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2017-10-11

Total Pages: 139

ISBN-13: 1484308395

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The October 2017 Global Financial Stability Report finds that the global financial system continues to strengthen in response to extraordinary policy support, regulatory enhancements, and the cyclical upturn in growth. It also includes a chapter that examines the short- and medium-term implications for economic growth and financial stability of the past decades’ rise in household debt. It documents large differences in household debt-to-GDP ratios across countries but a common increasing trajectory that was moderated but not reversed by the global financial crisis. Another chapter develops a new macroeconomic measure of financial stability by linking financial conditions to the probability distribution of future GDP growth and applies it to a set of 20 major advanced and emerging market economies. The chapter shows that changes in financial conditions shift the whole distribution of future GDP growth.

Financial Sector Crisis and Restructuring
Financial Sector Crisis and Restructuring

Author: Carl-Johan Lindgren

Publisher:

Published: 1999

Total Pages: 103

ISBN-13: 9781557758712

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An IMF paper reviewing the policy responses of Indonesia, Korea and Thailand to the 1997 Asian crisis, comparing the actions of these three countries with those of Malaysia and the Philippines. Although all judgements are still tentative, important lessons can be learned from the experiences of the last two years.

Emerging Capital Markets and Globalization
Emerging Capital Markets and Globalization

Author: Augusto de la Torre

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2006-10-20

Total Pages: 232

ISBN-13: 0821365444

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Back in the early 1990s, economists and policy makers had high expectations about the prospects for domestic capital market development in emerging economies, particularly in Latin America. Unfortunately, they are now faced with disheartening results. Stock and bond markets remain illiquid and segmented. Debt is concentrated at the short end of the maturity spectrum and denominated in foreign currency, exposing countries to maturity and currency risk. Capital markets in Latin America look particularly underdeveloped when considering the many efforts undertaken to improve the macroeconomic environment and to reform the institutions believed to foster capital market development. The disappointing performance has made conventional policy recommendations questionable, at best. 'Emerging Capital Markets and Globalization' analyzes where we stand and where we are heading on capital market development. First, it takes stock of the state and evolution of Latin American capital markets and related reforms over time and relative to other countries. Second, it analyzes the factors related to the development of capital markets, with particular interest on measuring the impact of reforms. And third, in light of this analysis, it discusses the prospects for capital market development in Latin America and emerging economies and the implications for the reform agenda.

Emerging Market Economies and Financial Globalization
Emerging Market Economies and Financial Globalization

Author: Leonardo E. Stanley

Publisher: Anthem Press

Published: 2018-03-15

Total Pages: 260

ISBN-13: 1783086750

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In the past, foreign shocks arrived to national economies mainly through trade channels, and transmissions of such shocks took time to come into effect. However, after capital globalization, shocks spread to markets almost immediately. Despite the increasing macroeconomic dangers that the situation generated at emerging markets in the South, nobody at the North was ready to acknowledge the pro-cyclicality of the financial system and the inner weakness of “decontrolled” financial innovations because they were enjoying from the “great moderation.” Monetary policy was primarily centered on price stability objectives, without considering the mounting credit and asset price booms being generated by market liquidity and the problems generated by this glut. Mainstream economists, in turn, were not majorly attracted in integrating financial factors in their models. External pressures on emerging market economies (EMEs) were not eliminated after 2008, but even increased as international capital flows augmented in relevance thereafter. Initially economic authorities accurately responded to the challenge, but unconventional monetary policies in the US began to create important spillovers in EMEs. Furthermore, in contrast to a previous surge in liquidity, funds were now transmitted to EMEs throughout the bond market. The perspective of an increase in US interest rates by the FED is generating a reversal of expectations and a sudden flight to quality. Emerging countries’ currencies began to experience higher volatility levels, and depreciation movements against a newly strong US dollar are also increasingly observed. Consequently, there are increasing doubts that the “unexpected” favorable outcome observed in most EMEs at the aftermath of the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) would remain.