Knowing What Students Know

Knowing What Students Know

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2001-10-27

Total Pages: 383

ISBN-13: 0309293227

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Education is a hot topic. From the stage of presidential debates to tonight's dinner table, it is an issue that most Americans are deeply concerned about. While there are many strategies for improving the educational process, we need a way to find out what works and what doesn't work as well. Educational assessment seeks to determine just how well students are learning and is an integral part of our quest for improved education. The nation is pinning greater expectations on educational assessment than ever before. We look to these assessment tools when documenting whether students and institutions are truly meeting education goals. But we must stop and ask a crucial question: What kind of assessment is most effective? At a time when traditional testing is subject to increasing criticism, research suggests that new, exciting approaches to assessment may be on the horizon. Advances in the sciences of how people learn and how to measure such learning offer the hope of developing new kinds of assessments-assessments that help students succeed in school by making as clear as possible the nature of their accomplishments and the progress of their learning. Knowing What Students Know essentially explains how expanding knowledge in the scientific fields of human learning and educational measurement can form the foundations of an improved approach to assessment. These advances suggest ways that the targets of assessment-what students know and how well they know it-as well as the methods used to make inferences about student learning can be made more valid and instructionally useful. Principles for designing and using these new kinds of assessments are presented, and examples are used to illustrate the principles. Implications for policy, practice, and research are also explored. With the promise of a productive research-based approach to assessment of student learning, Knowing What Students Know will be important to education administrators, assessment designers, teachers and teacher educators, and education advocates.


Transforming Teaching and Learning Through Data-Driven Decision Making

Transforming Teaching and Learning Through Data-Driven Decision Making

Author: Ellen B. Mandinach

Publisher: Corwin Press

Published: 2012-04-10

Total Pages: 281

ISBN-13: 1412982049

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"Gathering data and using it to inform instruction is a requirement for many schools, yet educators are not necessarily formally trained in how to do it. This book helps bridge the gap between classroom practice and the principles of educational psychology. Teachers will find cutting-edge advances in research and theory on human learning and teaching in an easily understood and transferable format. The text's integrated model shows teachers, school leaders, and district administrators how to establish a data culture and transform quantitative and qualitative data into actionable knowledge based on: assessment; statistics; instructional and differentiated psychology; classroom management."--Publisher's description.


Designing and Assessing Educational Objectives

Designing and Assessing Educational Objectives

Author: Robert J. Marzano

Publisher: Corwin Press

Published: 2008-05-01

Total Pages: 193

ISBN-13: 1452293996

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"Marzano concisely and effectively shows how his three domains of learning and the New Taxonomy can be operationalized for teachers and administrators. This book integrates objectives, instructional approaches, and assessment options so that these critical aspects of teaching are aligned to promote student learning." —James McMillan, Professor and Chair, Foundations of Education Virginia Commonwealth University A hands-on guide for applying the New Taxonomy to develop meaningful and targeted educational objectives and assessments. Translating mandated standards into concrete objectives and then creating appropriate tasks to assess student learning of those objectives can be a challenge for educators. This practical resource provides a step-by-step process that shows readers how to make designing educational objectives and creating appropriate assessment tasks a part of their day-to-day practice. Written as a stand-alone volume, Designing and Assessing Educational Objectives reviews the framework and basic principles of Marzano′s New Taxonomy and illustrates how educators can utilize Marzano′s model to assess student performance on a broad scale or for a specific unit of instruction or grading period. The book explores objectives and tasks for each of the six levels of mental processing—retrieval, comprehension, analysis, knowledge utilization, metacognition, and self-system thinking—and features: Benchmark statements that provide a starting point for the process Step-by-step models, helpful diagrams, and useful charts Numerous detailed examples from multiple subject areas and grade levels Application of the taxonomy′s three domains of knowledge: information, mental procedures, and psychomotor procedures Comprehensive and profound, this resource is essential for teachers, school and district administrators, curriculum directors, and assessment specialists seeking to apply standards to curriculum and instruction for measurable results.


Data-based Decision Making in Education

Data-based Decision Making in Education

Author: Kim Schildkamp

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-09-18

Total Pages: 221

ISBN-13: 9400748159

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In a context where schools are held more and more accountable for the education they provide, data-based decision making has become increasingly important. This book brings together scholars from several countries to examine data-based decision making. Data-based decision making in this book refers to making decisions based on a broad range of evidence, such as scores on students’ assessments, classroom observations etc. This book supports policy-makers, people working with schools, researchers and school leaders and teachers in the use of data, by bringing together the current research conducted on data use across multiple countries into a single volume. Some of these studies are ‘best practice’ studies, where effective data use has led to improvements in student learning. Others provide insight into challenges in both policy and practice environments. Each of them draws on research and literature in the field.


Exploring Bebines EFL Teacher's Perceptions of the Assessment of Speaking Skills in Two Public Schools of Abomey-Calavi

Exploring Bebines EFL Teacher's Perceptions of the Assessment of Speaking Skills in Two Public Schools of Abomey-Calavi

Author: Jean-Marc Gnonlonfoun

Publisher: GRIN Verlag

Published: 2017-01-30

Total Pages: 23

ISBN-13: 3668388512

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Scientific Study from the year 2016 in the subject Pedagogy - Miscellaneous Topics, , language: English, abstract: The present study focuses on the assessment of oral skills during lifelike situations in normal classrooms in Beninese secondary schools. Quantitative data (questionnaire) was collected from 20 EFL teachers from two schools. The results show that teachers felt that it is difficult to assess oral skills, and the most common reason for this was the lack of time, which again was the cause of big class sizes and tight schedule. It also seemed that the assessment they do is not consistent, and that there are a lot of personal differences between teachers, and these differences influence their classrooms massively. When they did find time for assessment, teachers focused mostly on aspects of oral language such as vocabulary and pronunciation.


Responsive Teaching

Responsive Teaching

Author: Harry Fletcher-Wood

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2018-05-30

Total Pages: 211

ISBN-13: 1351583867

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This essential guide helps teachers refine their approach to fundamental challenges in the classroom. Based on research from cognitive science and formative assessment, it ensures teachers can offer all students the support and challenge they need – and can do so sustainably. Written by an experienced teacher and teacher educator, the book balances evidence-informed principles and practical suggestions. It contains: A detailed exploration of six core problems that all teachers face in planning lessons, assessing learning and responding to students Effective practical strategies to address each of these problems across a range of subjects Useful examples of each strategy in practice and accounts from teachers already using these approaches Checklists to apply each principle successfully and advice tailored to teachers with specific responsibilities. This innovative book is a valuable resource for new and experienced teachers alike who wish to become more responsive teachers. It offers the evidence, practical strategies and supportive advice needed to make sustainable, worthwhile changes.


The Development of Expertise in Pedagogy

The Development of Expertise in Pedagogy

Author: David C. Berliner

Publisher:

Published: 1988

Total Pages: 44

ISBN-13:

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In this discussion on the development of expertise in teaching, a theory of skill learning is first presented. The characteristics of five stages of skill development in teachers are described: (1) novice; (2) advanced beginner; (3) competent teacher; (4) proficient teacher; and (5) expert teacher. A review of data collected by studies on the subject of teaching expertise points out differences between the novice and the expert teacher in the areas of: (1) interpreting classroom phenomena; (2) discerning the importance of events; (3) using routines; (4) predicting classroom phenomena; (5) judging typical and atypical events; and (6) evaluating performance: responsibility and emotions. The discussion of policy considerations for teacher educators, based upon this developmental theory of skill acquisition, is aimed at helping novices become proficient in classroom techniques while evaluating them in ways approriate for their developmental level. (JD)


SAGE Handbook of Research on Classroom Assessment

SAGE Handbook of Research on Classroom Assessment

Author: James H. McMillan

Publisher: SAGE

Published: 2013

Total Pages: 577

ISBN-13: 1412995876

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The Sage Handbook of Research on Classroom Assessment provides scholars, professors, graduate students, and other researchers and policy makers in the organizations, agencies, testing companies, and school districts with a comprehensive source of research on all aspects of K-12 classroom assessment. The handbook emphasizes theory, conceptual frameworks, and all varieties of research (quantitative, qualitative, mixed methods) to provide an in-depth understanding of the knowledge base in each area of classroom assessment and how to conduct inquiry in the area. It presents classroom assessment research to convey, in depth, the state of knowledge and understanding that is represented by the research, with particular emphasis on how classroom assessment practices affect student achieventment and teacher behavior. Editor James H. McMillan and five Associate Editors bring the best thinking and analysis from leading classroom assessment researchers on the nature of the research, making significant contributions to this prominent and hotly debated topic in education.


Classroom Assessment and the National Science Education Standards

Classroom Assessment and the National Science Education Standards

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2001-08-12

Total Pages: 129

ISBN-13: 030906998X

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The National Science Education Standards address not only what students should learn about science but also how their learning should be assessed. How do we know what they know? This accompanying volume to the Standards focuses on a key kind of assessment: the evaluation that occurs regularly in the classroom, by the teacher and his or her students as interacting participants. As students conduct experiments, for example, the teacher circulates around the room and asks individuals about their findings, using the feedback to adjust lessons plans and take other actions to boost learning. Focusing on the teacher as the primary player in assessment, the book offers assessment guidelines and explores how they can be adapted to the individual classroom. It features examples, definitions, illustrative vignettes, and practical suggestions to help teachers obtain the greatest benefit from this daily evaluation and tailoring process. The volume discusses how classroom assessment differs from conventional testing and grading-and how it fits into the larger, comprehensive assessment system.