A Supersonic Area Rule and an Application to the Design of a Wing-body Combination with High Lift-drag Ratios
A Supersonic Area Rule and an Application to the Design of a Wing-body Combination with High Lift-drag Ratios

Author: Richard T. Whitcomb

Publisher:

Published: 1960

Total Pages: 20

ISBN-13:

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Summary: As an extension of the transonic area rule, a concept for interrelating the wave drags of wing-body combinations at moderate supersonic speeds with axial developments of cross-sectional area has been derived. The wave drag of a combination at a given supersonic speed is related to a number of developments of cross-sectional areas as intersected by Mach planes. On the basis of this concept and other design procedures, a structurally feasible, swept-wing--indented-body combination has been designed to have relatively high maximum lift-drag ratios over a range of transonic and moderate supersonic Mach numbers. The wing of the combination has been designed to have reduced drag associated with lift and, when used with an indented body, to have low zero-lift wave drag. Experimental results have been obtained for this configuration at Mach numbers from 0.80 to 2.01. Maximum lift-drag ratios of approximately 14 and 9 were measured at Mach numbers of 1.15 and 1.41, respectively.

Aircraft Configurations Developing High Lift-drag Ratios at High Supersonic Speeds
Aircraft Configurations Developing High Lift-drag Ratios at High Supersonic Speeds

Author: A. J. Eggers (Jr.)

Publisher:

Published: 1956

Total Pages: 42

ISBN-13:

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Summary: The problem of designing an aircraft which will develop high lift-drag ratios in flight at high supersonic speeds is attacked using the elementary principle that the components of the aircraft should be individually and collectively arranged to impart the maximum downward and the minimum forward momentum to the surrounding air. This principle in conjunction with other practical considerations of hypersonic flight leads to the study of configurations for which the body is situated entirely below the wing; that is, flat-top wing-body combinations. Theory indicates that sensibly complete aircraft of this type can be designed to develop lift-drag ratios well in excess of 6.

Flight Stability and Automatic Control
Flight Stability and Automatic Control

Author: Robert C. Nelson

Publisher: WCB/McGraw-Hill

Published: 1998

Total Pages: 441

ISBN-13: 9780071158381

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The second edition of Flight Stability and Automatic Control presents an organized introduction to the useful and relevant topics necessary for a flight stability and controls course. Not only is this text presented at the appropriate mathematical level, it also features standard terminology and nomenclature, along with expanded coverage of classical control theory, autopilot designs, and modern control theory. Through the use of extensive examples, problems, and historical notes, author Robert Nelson develops a concise and vital text for aircraft flight stability and control or flight dynamics courses.

Aerodynamic Performance and Static Stability at Mach Number 3.3 of an Aircraft Configuration Employing Three Triangular Wing Panels and a Body Equal Length
Aerodynamic Performance and Static Stability at Mach Number 3.3 of an Aircraft Configuration Employing Three Triangular Wing Panels and a Body Equal Length

Author: Carlton S. James

Publisher:

Published: 1960

Total Pages: 38

ISBN-13:

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An aircraft configuration, previously conceived as a means to achieve favorable aerodynamic stability characteristics., high lift-drag ratio, and low heating rates at high supersonic speeds., was modified in an attempt to increase further the lift-drag ratio without adversely affecting the other desirable characteristics. The original configuration consisted of three identical triangular wing panels symmetrically disposed about an ogive-cylinder body equal in length to the root chord of the panels. This configuration was modified by altering the angular disposition of the wing panels, by reducing the area of the panel forming the vertical fin, and by reshaping the body to produce interference lift. Six-component force and moment tests of the modified configuration at combined angles of attack and sideslip were made at a Mach number of 3.3 and a Reynolds number of 5.46 million. A maximum lift-drag ratio of 6.65 (excluding base drag) was measured at a lift coefficient of 0.100 and an angle of attack of 3.60. The lift-drag ratio remained greater than 3 up to lift coefficient of 0.35. Performance estimates, which predicted a maximum lift-drag ratio for the modified configuration 27 percent greater than that of the original configuration, agreed well with experiment. The modified configuration exhibited favorable static stability characteristics within the test range. Longitudinal and directional centers of pressure were slightly aft of the respective centroids of projected plan-form and side area.