Canadian Foreign Policy and the Law of Sea

Canadian Foreign Policy and the Law of Sea

Author: Barbara Johnson

Publisher: UBC Press

Published: 2011-11-01

Total Pages: 409

ISBN-13: 0774844264

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Since the 1960s, there have been intensive international negotiations to revise the law of the sea. These discussions culminated in the convening of the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea in December 1973 and in four additional sessions up to September 1976. Whether the almost 150 participating states will be able to reach an accord in 1977 or later on, the myriad issues on their agenda is still uncertain. Two major issues have been the extension of coastal-state jurisdiction over resources and activities and the estblishment of an international regime to govern the exploitation of the deep seabed. Canada's most significant role has been that of a leader of the "coastal-state grouping," which has sought to expand states' jurisdiction over fisheries, seabed resources, scientific research, and pollution control within a 200-mile economic zone and sometimes beyond. A number of these Canadian policy goals have already been accepted by a large majority of the participants in the conference. In this role, Canada has found itsself opposed to many of its traditional allies among the developed nations with large fleets engaged in commerce in distant waters, and concerned about the traditional freedom of the high seas, and has aligned itself with the coastal developing nations of Africa, Asia, and Latin America. The seven essays in this volume examine the development of Canadian policies on the major law of the sea issues and the outcome of the negotiations on them. In so doing, the studies have analysed Canada's dramatic seward expansion and involvement in one of teh most important United Nations Conferences.


Sea Change

Sea Change

Author: Ussif Rashid Sumaila

Publisher: UBC Press

Published: 2024-04-01

Total Pages: 274

ISBN-13: 0774869062

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As climate change, resource overexploitation, and pollution leave ever more visible marks, ocean ecosystems, economies, and people are all affected. With coasts on the Atlantic, Pacific, and Arctic, Canada faces a formidable challenge in building resilient, sustainable oceans and supporting the communities that rely on them. Sea Change reports on the OceanCanada Partnership, a multidisciplinary project to take stock of what we know about Canada’s oceans, construct possible scenarios for coastal regions, and create a national dialogue and vision. Three themes emerge from this impressive synthesis of social, cultural, economic, and environmental research: ocean change, access to ocean resources, and ocean governance. Indigenous and non-Indigenous scholars and practitioners focus on finding solutions to rapid environmental and social transformation, outlining the implications for legislation and offering policy recommendations. Increasingly, civil society will have to advocate for oceans, and Sea Change will empower the voices of those who take up that task.


Routledge Handbook of National and Regional Ocean Policies

Routledge Handbook of National and Regional Ocean Policies

Author: Biliana Cicin-Sain

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2015-05-15

Total Pages: 828

ISBN-13: 1317658051

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This comprehensive handbook, prepared by leading ocean policy academics and practitioners from around the world, presents in-depth analyses of the experiences of fifteen developed and developing nations and four key regions of the world that have taken concrete steps toward cross-cutting and integrated national and regional ocean policy. All chapters follow a common framework for policy analysis. While most coastal nations of the world already have a variety of sectoral policies in place to manage different uses of the ocean (such as shipping, fishing, oil and gas development), in the last two decades, the coastal nations covered in the book have undertaken concerted efforts to articulate and implement an integrated, ecosystem-based vision for the governance of ocean areas under their jurisdiction. This includes goals and procedures to harmonize existing uses and laws, to foster sustainable development of ocean areas, to protect biodiversity and vulnerable resources and ecosystems, and to coordinate the actions of the many government agencies that are typically involved in oceans affairs. The book highlights the serious conflicts of use in most national ocean zones and the varying attempts by nations to follow the prescriptions emanating from the 1982 UN Law of the Sea Convention and the outcomes of the 1992, 2002, and 2012 sustainable development summits. The interrelationship among uses and processes in the coast and ocean requires that ocean governance be integrated, precautionary, and anticipatory. Overall, the book provides a definitive state-of-the-art review and analysis of national and regional ocean policies around the world.


Navigating a Changing World

Navigating a Changing World

Author: Geoffrey Hale

Publisher: University of Toronto Press

Published: 2021

Total Pages: 625

ISBN-13: 1487525710

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This volume addresses the governance and evolution of Canada's international policies, and the challenges facing Canada's international policy relations on multiple fronts.


Canada and the Changing Arctic

Canada and the Changing Arctic

Author: Franklyn Griffiths

Publisher: Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press

Published: 2011-11-01

Total Pages: 341

ISBN-13: 1554584132

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Global warming has had a dramatic impact on the Arctic environment, including the ice melt that has opened previously ice-covered waterways. State and non-state actors who look to the region and its resources with varied agendas have started to pay attention. Do new geopolitical dynamics point to a competitive and inherently conflictual “race for resources”? Or will the Arctic become a region governed by mutual benefit, international law, and the achievement of a widening array of cooperative arrangements among interested states and Indigenous peoples? As an Arctic nation Canada is not immune to the consequences of these transformations. In Canada and the Changing Arctic: Sovereignty, Security, and Stewardship, the authors, all leading commentators on Arctic affairs, grapple with fundamental questions about how Canada should craft a responsible and effective Northern strategy. They outline diverse paths to achieving sovereignty, security, and stewardship in Canada’s Arctic and in the broader circumpolar world. The changing Arctic region presents Canadians with daunting challenges and tremendous opportunities. This book will inspire continued debate on what Canada must do to protect its interests, project its values, and play a leadership role in the twenty-first-century Arctic. Forewords by Senator Hugh Segal and former Minister of Foreign Affairs and of National Defence Bill Graham.


Funding Policies and the Nonprofit Sector in Western Canada

Funding Policies and the Nonprofit Sector in Western Canada

Author: Peter R. Elson

Publisher: University of Toronto Press

Published: 2016-05-09

Total Pages: 293

ISBN-13: 1442637021

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Funding Policies and the Nonprofit Sector in Western Canada offers a detailed yet accessible account of nonprofit funding policies in a region characterized by fiscal conservatism, a cyclical resource-based economy, and a growing share of Canada’s population and GDP. The chapters in this collection offer compelling and candid analyses of the realities of nonprofit funding in Western Canada. Each combines practical insights with academic rigour, providing critical historical context and an up-to-date profile of funding for services. For each province, a leading practitioner has provided an insider perspective into a specific regime or organization: nonprofit housing in British Columbia; the politics of social policy in Alberta; sport, culture, and recreation, and lottery funds in Saskatchewan; and community economic development in Manitoba. Written by leading researchers and practitioners, Funding Policies and the Nonprofit Sector in Western Canada offers a solid foundation on which policymakers, scholars, and practitioners alike can examine the challenges and opportunities of the contemporary funding environment.


The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate

The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate

Author: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2022-04-30

Total Pages: 755

ISBN-13: 9781009157971

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The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for assessing the science related to climate change. It provides policymakers with regular assessments of the scientific basis of human-induced climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation. This IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate is the most comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the observed and projected changes to the ocean and cryosphere and their associated impacts and risks, with a focus on resilience, risk management response options, and adaptation measures, considering both their potential and limitations. It brings together knowledge on physical and biogeochemical changes, the interplay with ecosystem changes, and the implications for human communities. It serves policymakers, decision makers, stakeholders, and all interested parties with unbiased, up-to-date, policy-relevant information. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.