Abiotic stresses are known to adversely impact agricultural productivity on millions of hectares globally, and it is projected that these problems are likely to increase, primarily due to anthropogenic interventions as well as climatic changes. Understanding abiotic stresses—especially salt stress on soil—calls for an interdisciplinary approach because salt-stressed soils need hydro-technical, chemical, and agronomic interventions as well as an understanding of plant response when exposed to these stresses. This volume explores and conveys the latest information on emerging technologies in the management of abiotic salt stress and their field applications. It brings together experts from various fields (academia, technology, and engineering) to provide the latest information and knowledge on this important challenge.
Abiotic stresses are known to adversely impact agricultural productivity on millions of hectares globally, and it is projected that these problems are likely to increase, primarily due to anthropogenic interventions as well as climatic changes. Understanding abiotic stresses—especially salt stress on soil—calls for an interdisciplinary approach because salt-stressed soils need hydro-technical, chemical, and agronomic interventions as well as an understanding of plant response when exposed to these stresses. This volume explores and conveys the latest information on emerging technologies in the management of abiotic salt stress and their field applications. It brings together experts from various fields (academia, technology, and engineering) to provide the latest information and knowledge on this important challenge.
This important volume, Soil Salinity Management in Agriculture, addresses the crucial issue of soil salinity of potential farmland and provides a comprehensive picture of the saline environment and plant interactions, along with management and reclamation methods and policies. With contributions from researchers from the fields of agricultural chemistry, soil science, biotechnology, agronomy, environmental sciences, and plant breeding and genetics, the volume emphasizes a multidisciplinary approach.
This open access book is an outcome of the collaboration between the Soil and Water Management & Crop Nutrition Section, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna, Austria, and Dr. Shabbir A Shahid, Senior Salinity Management Expert, Freelancer based in United Arab Emirates.The objective of this book is to develop protocols for salinity and sodicity assessment and develop mitigation and adaptation measures to use saline and sodic soils sustainably. The focus is on important issues related to salinity and sodicity and to describe these in an easy and user friendly way. The information has been compiled from the latest published literature and from the authors’ publications specific to the subject matter. The book consists of six chapters. Chapter 1 introduces the terms salinity and sodicity and describes various salinity classification systems commonly used around the world. Chapter 2 reviews global distribution of salinization and socioeconomic aspects related to salinity and crop production. Chapters 3 covers comprehensively salinity and sodicity adaptation and mitigation options including physical, chemical, hydrological and biological methods. Chapter 4 discusses the efforts that have been made to demonstrate the development of soil salinity zones under different irrigation systems. Chapter 5 discusses the quality of irrigation water, boron toxicity and relative tolerance to boron, the effects of chlorides on crops. Chapter 6 introduces the role of nuclear techniques in saline agriculture.
The complex issues involved in the management of saline and sodic turfgrass soils are enough to perplex even the most experienced site manager- there is no "silver bullet" amendment, treatment, or grass for salinity management. Best Management Practices for Saline and Sodic Turfgrass Soils: Assessment and Reclamation presents comprehensive scientif
This handbook has been prepared for the training workshop on innovative methods of amelioration and use of salt-affected soils, which takes place in Kharkiv, Ukraine, in September 2017. This workshop is conducted within the framework of the Implementation Plan of the Eurasian Soil Partnership, which is a sub-regional affiliation of the Global Soil Partnership. The main goals of the Global Soil Partnership (GSP) and Regional Soil Partnerships (RSPs) include the development of global and regional plans of action for the sustainable management and monitoring of limited soil resources as a key element, as well as the maintenance of food security and ecological services of soils. The RSPs rely on the existing regional networks that connect the national and local networks, partners, projects and measures to ensure that the interests of all member countries of the partnership are taken into account. A RSP should give directives for the development of regional targets, priorities and ìrequred mechanisms of implementation and also undertake regular assessments of progress in reaching goals and accomplishing the tasks. The Eurasian Region covers Eastern Europe, Central Asia and Caucasus and includes the following countries: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan. The Eurasian Region is diverse in terms of climatic conditions, soils, flora and fauna, land use and human activities. Soil degradation is a serious problem within this region, with its most destructive consequences including salinization, erosion, loss of soil organic matter, nutrients and biodiversity as well as soil compaction. Soil salinization presents a serious challenge that requires co-ordination between countries that share common water and land resources. International co-operation is also needed to attract and manage investment into water and land resources. It should be emphasized that salinization is both the cause and the result of other agricultural problems. Combating salinization should, together with other measures for achieving the sustainable intensification of agriculture, be considered as a basis for food security..
The papers assembled here cover topics such as technological advances in soil salinity mapping and monitoring, management and reclamation of salt-affected soils, use of marginal quality water for crop production, salt-tolerance mechanisms in plants, biosaline agriculture and agroforestry, microbiological interventions for marginal soils, opportunities and challenges in using marginal waters, and soil and water management in irrigated agriculture.
Abstract: Prepared by the Water Quality and Drainage Committee of the Irrigation and Drainage Council of the Environmental and Water Resources Institute of ASCE. Agricultural Salinity Assessment and Management, second edition, considers worldwide salinity and trace element management in irrigated agriculture and water supplies. This updated edition provides a reference to help sustain irrigated agriculture and integrates contemporary concepts and management practices. It covers technical and scientific aspects of agricultural salinity management, as well as environmental, economic, and legal concerns. Topics include: nature and extent of agricultural salinity; diagnosis of salinity problems and selection of control practices; soil response to saline and sodic conditions; plant responses to saline and sodic conditions; long-term regional-scale modeling of soil salinity; case study of San Joaquin Valley, California; institutional and salinity issues on the Upper Rio Grande; and viability of irrigated agriculture with expanding space and time. The second edition of MOP 71 is valuable to water professionals, engineers, scientists, practitioners, and educators interested in developing and managing ever more constrained water supplies worldwide