Electricity Generation from Natural Gas - Cost Analysis - Electricity E21A
Electricity Generation from Natural Gas - Cost Analysis - Electricity E21A

Author: Intratec

Publisher: Intratec

Published: 2019-09-17

Total Pages: 102

ISBN-13:

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This report presents a cost analysis of Electricity generation from natural gas. The process examined is a conventional natural gas combined cycle (NGCC) without carbon capture and sequestration. In this process F-class combustion turbines (CT) are employed to Electricity generation. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): US Patent 8408003, issued to General Electric Company in 2013 Keywords: Conventional Natural Gas Combined Cycle, NGCC, Natural Gas Fired Power Plant, Heat Recovery Steam Generators, HRSG

Ammonia Production from Natural Gas - Cost Analysis - Ammonia E21A
Ammonia Production from Natural Gas - Cost Analysis - Ammonia E21A

Author: Intratec

Publisher: Intratec

Published: 2017-06-01

Total Pages: 103

ISBN-13: 1641480408

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This report presents a cost analysis of Ammonia production from natural gas The process examined is similar to KBR Purifier process. In this process, syngas is initially produced from natural gas using a process that combines steam and autothermal reforming. Air is fed to the autothermal furnace to provide oxygen to the autothermal reform and nitrogen required in the ammonia synthesis loop. After several purifications steps a stream containing nitrogen and hydrogen is fed to the ammonia synthesis loop to be converted into ammonia. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) "Ammonia", Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 5th edition (2) "Introduction to Ammonia Production", CEP Magazine, September 2016 Keywords: Haber-Bosch, Haldor Topsoe, Uhde GmbH, Ammonia Casale and KBR

Acetylene Production from Coal - Cost Analysis - Acetylene E21A
Acetylene Production from Coal - Cost Analysis - Acetylene E21A

Author: Intratec

Publisher: Intratec

Published: 2019-09-17

Total Pages: 102

ISBN-13:

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This report presents a cost analysis of Acetylene production from coal via a typical calcium carbide process. In this process calcium oxide (lime) is reduced by carbon in a electric furnace, generating calcium carbide. This intermediate is then hydrolyzed to produce Acetylene and calcium hydroxide. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Keywords: Coke, Carbon, Electric Furnace

HDPE Production via Gas-Phase Process - Cost Analysis - HDPE E21A
HDPE Production via Gas-Phase Process - Cost Analysis - HDPE E21A

Author: Intratec

Publisher: Intratec

Published: 2019-09-17

Total Pages: 103

ISBN-13:

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This report presents a cost analysis of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) bimodal production from polymer grade (PG) ethylene and 1-hexene using a gas-phase process. The process examined is similar to LyondellBasell Spherilene process. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) LyondellBasell, "Licensed Polyolefin Technologies and Services - Spherilene" (2) "Polyethylene," Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2011 Keywords: Ethene, Bimodal, Fluidized Bed

Ethylene Production via Cracking of Ethane/Propane - Cost Analysis - Ethylene E21A
Ethylene Production via Cracking of Ethane/Propane - Cost Analysis - Ethylene E21A

Author: Intratec

Publisher: Intratec Solutions

Published: 2019-09-17

Total Pages: 102

ISBN-13:

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This report presents a cost analysis of polymer grade (PG) Ethylene production starting from an ethane/propane mixture at a volume ratio of 4:1. A typical steam cracking process with front-end demethanization is employed. In this process, a mix of 80 vol% ethane and 20 vol% propane is thermally cracked in pyrolysis furnaces. In addition to polymer grade Ethylene, the process also generates polymer grade propylene and hydrogen-rich gas. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): "Ethylene", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 7th edition Keywords: Ethene, Propene, Hydrocarbon Pyrolysis, Cracking Furnace, Lummus, KBR, Technip, Linde, S&W

Carbon Fiber Production from Pitch - Cost Analysis - Carbon Fiber E21A
Carbon Fiber Production from Pitch - Cost Analysis - Carbon Fiber E21A

Author: Intratec

Publisher: Intratec

Published: 2019-09-17

Total Pages: 102

ISBN-13:

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This report presents a cost analysis of Carbon Fiber production from pitch. The process starts with a preparation step that converts the pitch into mesophase pitch. The mesophase pitch is then stabilized and passes through carbonization, graphitization, surface treatment and sizing, before being wound. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) "Fibers, 5. Synthetic Inorganic", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 7th edition (2) US Patent 4999099, issued to Conoco in 2011 (3) Chung, D.D.L., Carbon Fiber Composites, 1994 Keywords: Carbon Fiber, Petroleum Pitch, Coal Tar Pitch, Mesophase Pitch

Hydrogen via Light Naphtha Reforming - Cost Analysis - Hydrogen E21A
Hydrogen via Light Naphtha Reforming - Cost Analysis - Hydrogen E21A

Author: Intratec

Publisher: Intratec

Published: 2019-09-17

Total Pages: 102

ISBN-13:

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This report presents a cost analysis of Hydrogen production from light naphtha. The process examined is a typical steam reforming process. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): "Hydrogen", Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 5th edition Keywords: H2, Water-gas Shifting, Reformer

Acrylic Acid Production from Glycerol - Cost Analysis - Acrylic Acid E21A
Acrylic Acid Production from Glycerol - Cost Analysis - Acrylic Acid E21A

Author: Intratec

Publisher: Intratec Solutions

Published: 2019-09-17

Total Pages: 103

ISBN-13:

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This report presents a cost analysis of Ester-Grade Acrylic Acid (EAA) production from crude glycerol. The two-step process examined is similar to Arkema process. In this process, crude glycerol (at 85 wt% purity) obtained as by-product of biodiesel plants, is used as the main raw material. After purification, glycerol is dehydrated to acrolein and subsequently oxidized. The final product obtained is EAA, which is used in the production of acrylic esters. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): US Patent 2010/0168471 A1, issued to Arkema in 2010 Keywords: Glicerin, Dehydration, Oxidation, Unsaturated Carboxylic Acid, Propenoic Acid

Butyl Acrylate Production from Propylene and Butanol - Cost Analysis - Butyl Acrylate E21A
Butyl Acrylate Production from Propylene and Butanol - Cost Analysis - Butyl Acrylate E21A

Author: Intratec

Publisher: Intratec

Published: 2017-06-01

Total Pages: 102

ISBN-13: 1641480602

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This report presents a cost analysis of n-Butyl Acrylate production from chemical grade propylene and n-butanol The process examined is a typical propylene oxidation, followed by a typical esterification process. In this process, propylene passes through a two-stage vapor phase oxidation to generate an acrylic acid-containing gas, from which acrylic acid is recovered via absorption in water. The aqueous acrylic acid solution is purified via light solvent extraction to ester-grade acrylic acid to be combined with n-butanol in a esterification reactor to generate crude a crude ester stream that is furhter purified to generate high-purity butyl acrylate. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) "Acrylic Acid", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 7th edition (2) "Acrylic Acid and Derivatives", Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 5th edition Keywords: Propene, Air Oxidation, Propenoic Acid, Nippon Shokubai, Rohm & Haas, Dow, Esterification, Nippon Shokubai, Mitsubishi, BASF

Propylene Production from Ethylene - Cost Analysis - Propylene E21A
Propylene Production from Ethylene - Cost Analysis - Propylene E21A

Author: Intratec

Publisher: Intratec

Published: 2017-06-01

Total Pages: 106

ISBN-13: 1641481269

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This report presents a cost analysis of Polymer Grade (PG) Propylene production from ethylene using two integrated processes: dimerization and metathesis The processes examined are similar to CB&I Lummus technologies: Ethylene Dimerization Technology and Olefins Conversion Technology (OCT). In these processes, ethylene is first dimerized into butenes, and then, Propylene is produced through a metathesis reaction of 2-butene and ethylene. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 8440874, issued to Lummus Technology and BASF in 2013 (2) US Patent 4242531, issued to Phillips Petroleum Company in 1980 Keywords: PG Propylene, Olefins Dimerization, Olefins Disproportionation, Lummus OCT, Olefins Metathesis, Phillips Triolefin, Propene, Ethene, On-Purpose Propylene Production