Microwave Discharges
Microwave Discharges

Author: Carlos M. Ferreira

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-11-21

Total Pages: 556

ISBN-13: 1489911308

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Proceedings of a NATO ARW held in Vimeiro, Portugal, May 11-15, 1992

Collective Excitations in Solids
Collective Excitations in Solids

Author: Baldassare Di Bartolo

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 717

ISBN-13: 1468488783

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This book presents an ac count of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on "Collective Excitations in Solids," held in Erice, Italy, from June 15 to June 29, 1981. This meeting was organized by the International School of Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy of the "Ettore Majorana" Centre for Scientific Culture. The objective of the Institute was to formulate a unified and coherent treatment of various collective excitation processes by drawing on the current advances in various branches of the physics of the solid state. A total of 74 participants came from 54 laboratories and 20 nations (Australia, Belgium, Burma, Canada, China, France, F. R. Germany, Greece, Israel, Italy, Mexico, The Netherlands, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Switzerland, Turkey, The Uni ted Kingdom, and The United States). The secretaries of the course were: Joseph Danko for the scientific aspects and Nino La Francesca for the administrative aspects of the meeting. Fourty-four lectures divided in eleven series were given. Nine "long" seminars and eight "short" seminars were also presented. In addition, two round-table discussions were held.

Surface Mobilities on Solid Materials
Surface Mobilities on Solid Materials

Author: Vu Thien Binh

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-03-08

Total Pages: 589

ISBN-13: 1468443437

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The surface of solids had long been considered simply the external boundary which determined the outside appearance of the solids but had no intrinsic character of its own. The concept that surfaces have specific properties and are the first and foremost means of communication between individual things and the rest of the universe is fairly new, coming into prominence only in the early sixties. This new concept of surface properties was the result of a vast accumulation of knowledge due to recent development of research in this area. This breakthrough of surface science resulted from the combined action of four factors: (i) control of surface sample prep aration, (ii) control of the surface's environment, (iii) improve ment of measurement tools and techniques, and (iv) the importance of surface properties in many new industrial areas. Nearly eighty techniques are now available to help us answer to the following questions: what is the surface structure or arrangement of surface atoms? what are the atomic species present? what is the spatial distribution of foreign atoms? what are the nature and distribution of possible defects on the surface? what is the electronic structure of the surface atoms? what is the motion of atoms on the surface? In general, two or more analytical techniques are used concurrently to assure unequivocal answers to problems. Different techniques employ different combina. tions of incident probes and the scattered or secondary particles that convey information regarding the sur faces.

Relativistic Effects in Atoms, Molecules, and Solids
Relativistic Effects in Atoms, Molecules, and Solids

Author: G.L. Malli

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 539

ISBN-13: 1461335965

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The NATO Advanced Study Institute (ASI) on "Relativistic Effects in Atoms, Molecules and Solids" cosponsored by Simon Fraser University (SFU) and Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) was held at the University of British Columbia (UBC) , Van couver, Canada from August 10th until August 21st, 1981. A total of 77 lecturers and students with diverse backgrounds in Chemistry, Physics, Mathematics and various interdisciplinary subjects attended the ASI. In the proposal submitted to NATO for financial support for this ASI, it was suggested that recent impressive experimental developments coupled with the availability of sophisticated computer technology for detailed investigation of the relativistic structure of atoms, molecules and solids would provide an excellent testing ground for the validity and accuracy of the theoretical treatment of the rela tivistic many-electron systems involving medium and heavy atoms. Such systems are also of interest to the current energy crisis because of their usage for photovoltaic devices, nuclear fuels (UF6), fusion lasers (Xe*2)' catalysts for solar energy conversion, etc.

Integrated Optics
Integrated Optics

Author: S. Martellucci

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-06-29

Total Pages: 413

ISBN-13: 1461336619

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This volume contains the proceedings of a two-week NATO A.S.I. on Integrated Optics: Physics and Applications, held from August 17 to August 30, 1981 in Erice, Italy. This is the 8th annual Course of the "International School of Quantum Electronics" presented under the auspices of the "E. Majorana" Centre for Scientific Culture. The subject was chosen in order to satisfy the demand for a course on integrated optics which is relevant to the expanding use of fiber optics for communication and signal processing. Integrated Optics, encompassing all of the optical waveguide circuits which are the optical analog of integrated circuits, is finding its way into a variety of applications involving communi cations, high speed signal-processing, and sensors of many kinds. However, because the technology is still changing very rapidly, the development of these exciting applications relies heavily upon the physics of the integrated optical circuits themselves and the pro cessing techniques used to fabricate them. This NATO A.S.I. provided not only a thorough tutorial treatment of the field, but also through panel discussions and additional lectures treated topics at the forefront of present work. Therefore the character of the Course was a blend of current research and tutorial reviews. "The Physics and Applications of Integrated Optics" could hardly be a more appropriate title to be chosen for this volume. Many of the worlds' acknowledged leaders in the field have been brought together to review and speculate on the accomplishments of integrated optics.

Molecular Ions
Molecular Ions

Author: Joseph Berkowitz

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 597

ISBN-13: 1461336643

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The present volume contains contributions presented at the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Molecular Ions held on the island of Kos, Greece, from September 30 to October 10, 1980. The meeting was attended by some 60 participants from 15 different countries. It was the first meeting devoted exclusively to the topic of molecular ions. Its vitality derived from bringing together experts and students from a wide variety of disciplines, whose studies bear upon the structure of molecular ions. The aim of the meeting was to assemble these scientists, representing many countries in Europe and North America, to discuss the advances and capabilities of the various experimental and theoretical approaches and to point out un solved problems and directions for future research. The format, in volving lecturers and students, served as a tutorial. Molecular ions play an important role in very diverse fields of nature such as reactions in the ionosphere, the processes of forma tion of molecules in dense interstellar clouds, and the magnetohydro dynamics of plasmas used for energy generation. Our understanding of the properties of molecular ions, their electronic and geometric structures, has been developing from a variety of sources, as far removed as tickling ions with radiofre quency radiation and smashing them apart at relativistic energies. Various laser techniques are described, and the queen of structural determination, spectroscopy, is well represented. On the instrumen tal side, older techniques have been perfected and new methods have evolved.

Symmetries in Nuclear Structure
Symmetries in Nuclear Structure

Author: K. Abrahams

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-11-21

Total Pages: 303

ISBN-13: 1461593409

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The 1982 summer school on nuclear physics, organized by the Nuclear Physics Division of the Netherlands' Physical Society, was the fifth in a series that started in 1963. The number of students attending has always been about one hundred, coming from about thirty countries. The theme of this year's school was symmetry in nuclear physics. This book covers the material presented by the enthusi astic speakers, who were invited to lecture on this subject. We think they have succeeded in presenting us with clear and thorough introductory talks at graduate or higher level. The time schedule of the school and the location allowed the participants to make many informal contacts during many social activities, ranging from billiards to surf board sailing. We hope and expect that the combination of a relaxed atmosphere during part of the time and hard work during most of the time, has furthered the interest in, and understanding of, nuclear physics. The organization of the summer school was made possible by substantial support from the Scientific Affairs Division of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, the Netherlands' Ministry of Education and Science, the Foundation Physica and the Nether lands' Physical Society.