Hydrogen in Steel
Hydrogen in Steel

Author: Michael Smialowski

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2014-05-09

Total Pages: 469

ISBN-13: 1483213714

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Hydrogen in Steel: Effect of Hydrogen on Iron and Steel During Production, Fabrication, and Use focuses on the effect of hydrogen on iron and steel during production, fabrication, and use. Topics covered range from the solubility of hydrogen in iron and ferrous alloys to the diffusion and permeation of hydrogen through iron and steel. Electrochemical problems related to the ability of iron to absorb hydrogen from aqueous solutions are also considered. Comprised of 19 chapters, this book begins with a detailed treatment of the nature and properties of metal-hydrogen systems, paying particular attention to the behavior of hydrogen in the bulk of the metal phase and the mechanism of reactions between metals and hydrogen or hydrogen-producing compounds. The reader is then introduced to the solubility of hydrogen in iron and ferrous alloys as well as the nature of the final product of the hydrogen-iron interaction. Subsequent chapters deal with dimensional changes and stresses produced in steel by cathodically evolved hydrogen; the effects of hydrogen on the physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of iron and steel; influence of welding on hydrogen; and sulfide corrosion cracking of steel. The effects of pickling on steel are also examined, along with the blistering and embrittlement caused by hydrogen on the base metal during electroplating. This book will be of value to students and practitioners in the field of physical chemistry.

Refractory Metal Alloys Metallurgy and Technology
Refractory Metal Alloys Metallurgy and Technology

Author: I. Machlin

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 493

ISBN-13: 1468491202

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This publication documents Proceedings of the Symposium on Metal lurgy and Technology of Refractory Metal Alloys, held in Washington, D.C. at the Washington Hilton Hotel on April 25-26, 1968, under sponsorship of the Refractory Metals Committee, Institute of Metals Division, of the Metallurgical Society of AIME, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Symposium presented critical reviews of selected topics in refractory metal alloys, thereby contributing to an in-depth understanding of the state-of-the-art, and establishing a base line for further research, development, and application. This Symposium is fifth in a series of conferences on refractory metals, sponsored by the Metallurgical Society of AlME. Publications issuing from the conferences are valuable technical and historical source books, tracing the evolution of refractory metals from early laboratory alloying studies to their present status as useful engineering materials. Refractory metals are arbitrarily defined by melting point. A 0 melting temperature of over 3500 F was selected as the minimum for this Symposium, thus excluding chromium and vanadium, which logically could be treated with other refractory metals in Groups VA and VIA of the periodic table. The Refractory Metals Committee is planning reviews of chromium and vanadium in subsequent conferences.

Gaseous Hydrogen Embrittlement of Materials in Energy Technologies
Gaseous Hydrogen Embrittlement of Materials in Energy Technologies

Author: Richard P Gangloff

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2012-01-16

Total Pages: 864

ISBN-13: 0857093894

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Many modern energy systems are reliant on the production, transportation, storage, and use of gaseous hydrogen. The safety, durability, performance and economic operation of these systems is challenged by operating-cycle dependent degradation by hydrogen of otherwise high performance materials. This important two-volume work provides a comprehensive and authoritative overview of the latest research into managing hydrogen embrittlement in energy technologies.Volume 1 is divided into three parts, the first of which provides an overview of the hydrogen embrittlement problem in specific technologies including petrochemical refining, automotive hydrogen tanks, nuclear waste disposal and power systems, and H2 storage and distribution facilities. Part two then examines modern methods of characterization and analysis of hydrogen damage and part three focuses on the hydrogen degradation of various alloy classesWith its distinguished editors and international team of expert contributors, Volume 1 of Gaseous hydrogen embrittlement of materials in energy technologies is an invaluable reference tool for engineers, designers, materials scientists, and solid mechanicians working with safety-critical components fabricated from high performance materials required to operate in severe environments based on hydrogen. Impacted technologies include aerospace, petrochemical refining, gas transmission, power generation and transportation. - Summarises the wealth of recent research on understanding and dealing with the safety, durability, performance and economic operation of using gaseous hydrogen at high pressure - Reviews how hydrogen embrittlement affects particular sectors such as the petrochemicals, automotive and nuclear industries - Discusses how hydrogen embrittlement can be characterised and its effects on particular alloy classes

Effects of Hydrogen Gas on Metals at Ambient Temperature
Effects of Hydrogen Gas on Metals at Ambient Temperature

Author: James Edward Campbell

Publisher:

Published: 1970

Total Pages: 30

ISBN-13:

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On the basis of the information available, steels(ferritic, martensitic, and bainitic), nickel-base alloys, and titanium alloys become embrittled in pure-hydrogen-gas environments at ambient temperature. The embrittling effect is detected by making tension tests on sharp-notched specimens in an environment of high-purity hydrogen gas and, for comparison, tests on similar specimens in an inert gas at the same temperature and pressure. If the material is embrittled by hydrogen, its notch tensile strength will be reduced. The effect is more pronounced as the hydrogen-gas pressure is increased, but in some cases the embrittling effect has been observed at 1 atmosphere of pressure. The effect is more pronounced for the high-strength steels and high-strength nickel and titanium alloys than for the low-strength alloys. In unnotched specimens exposed to a pure-hydrogen environmental, hydrogen embrittlement manifiests itself as a decrease in ductility. Results of tests on stable austenitic stainless steels such as Types 310 and 316, or certain aluminum alloys such as 6061-T6, 2219-T6, and 7075-T73, and beryllium copper indicate that there is no significant evidence of embrittlement of these alloys in hydrogen gas at pressures up to 10,000psi.