Study focusing mainly on the relationship between taxation and the three main components of saving (public, personal and business savings) with emphasis on tax reform to raise additional revenue.
Public spending plays a key role in the economic growth and development of most developing economies. This book analyzes revenues, policy, and administration of Domestic Resource Mobilization (DRM) in developing countries. It provides a broad landscape of practical examples, drawing from lessons learned in World Bank operations across Global Practices over the past several decades. It should be thought of as a starting point for a more comprehensive research agenda rather than a complete inventory itself. This book reviews the trends in tax revenue collection in developing countries. It provides an overview of efforts to close the revenue gap, many of which have been supported by World Bank operations. The book reviews the special challenges facing low income countries, which have traditionally relied on indirect revenues in the context of limited formalization of their economies. An overview of tax policy and administration reform programs is presented, with an overview of outstanding issues that will shape the policy agenda in years ahead.
The Fund has long played a lead role in supporting developing countries’ efforts to improve their revenue mobilization. This paper draws on that experience to review issues and good practice, and to assess prospects in this key area.
Given its fragile balance of payments position and urgent need to boost industrial production, Pakistan needs to significantly increase its mobilization of foreign resources. It is crucial to accord high priority to foreign direct investment (FDI). Sections of this report include: importance of FDI in Pakistan; review of FDI policy; trends, issues, FDI, and economic impact of FDI; concentrated FDI in the power sector and its balance of payments implications; and conclusions, lessons, and policy challenges. Charts and tables.
Although it achieved independence in 1947, Pakistan still has not succeeded in integrating its diverse peoples into a nation?as its short yet turbulent history vividly demonstrates. The nation's search for stability is traced in this revised and updated introduction to Pakistan's political, economic, and social development. New chapters detail political developments since 1991, including the elections of 1993 and 1996. Economic changes, including the financial crisis that led to the fall of Benazir Bhutto's government in 1996, are given particular attention. Also included is an extensive analysis of the nuclear arms race between India and Pakistan, an issue of global concern.
A study of Pakistan's foreign policy with an emphasis on geostrategic environment, undertakes a critical review of Pakistan's interaction at the bilateral, regional and international levels. Focusing mainly on the period from 1972 to the present, the book examines Pakistan's troubled relations with India, interaction with the smaller states of South Asia and the Muslim world. Pakistan's relations with the U.S., the Soviet Union, and China, including the impact of the nuclear issue and the Afghanistan crisis on the Pakistan-U.S. ties get a detailed treatment.