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Author: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Publisher: Paris, France : OECD/IEA
Published: 2002
Total Pages: 136
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKSurveys the current situation and market status of distributed generation in selected OECD countries, including the impact of current energy policies.
Author: International Energy Agency
Publisher: Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development
Published: 2002
Total Pages: 140
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKElectric power in OECD countries is mostly produced by large central generating stations, then transmitted along high voltage lines to local distribution systems that carry it to final consumers. Distributed generation plants are different.
Author: Loi Lei Lai
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Published: 2008-03-11
Total Pages: 262
ISBN-13: 9780470511817
DOWNLOAD EBOOKDistributed power generation is a technology that could help to enable efficient, renewable energy production both in the developed and developing world. It includes all use of small electric power generators, whether located on the utility system, at the site of a utility customer, or at an isolated site not connected to the power grid. Induction generator (IG) is the most commonly used and cheapest technology, compatible with renewable energy resources. Permanent magnet (PM) generators have traditionally been avoided due to high fabrication costs; however, compared with IGs they are more reliable and productive. Distributed Generation thoroughly examines the principles, possibilities and limitations of creating energy with both IGs and PM generators. It takes an electrical engineering approach in the analysis and testing of these generators, and includes diagrams and extensive case study examples to better demonstrate how the integration of energy sources can be accomplished. The book also provides the practical tools needed to model and implement new techniques for generating energy through isolated or grid-connected systems. Besides a chapter introducing the technical, economic and environmental impacts of distributed generation, this book includes: an examination of various phase-balancing schemes for a three-phase IG operating on a single-phase power system; a coupled circuit 2-D finite element analysis of a grid-connected IG, with Steinmetz connection; a study of self-excited induction generator (SEIG) schemes for autonomous power systems, and the voltage and frequency control of SEIG with a slip-ring machine (SESRIG); a report on a PM synchronous generator with inset rotor for achieving a reduced voltage regulation when supplying an autonomous power system, and an analysis of its performance using a two-axis model and finite element method; experimental work on various IG and SEIG schemes. This book is a must-read for engineers, consultants, regulators, and environmentalists involved in energy production and delivery, helping them to evaluate renewable energy sources and to integrate these into an efficient energy delivery system. It is also a superior reference for undergraduates and postgraduates. Designers, operators, and planners will appreciate its unique contribution to the literature in this field.
Author: Wolfram Jörß
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2013-03-09
Total Pages: 271
ISBN-13: 3662050900
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe book gives a comprehensive overview of technologies for decentralised power generation (DG technologies), including those based on both renewable energy sources (RES), and on combined heat and power (CHP) technologies, and of relevant policies of the EU and its Member States. Special attention is paid to barriers to implementation and success factors that were drawn from 24 case studies carried out throughout the EU. Furthermore, the book offers policy recommendations regarding how to move towards a level playing field for DG technologies. Additionally, the analysis is founded on the results of a study for future developments in European DG technologies and likely scenarios for the role of DG in the future.
Author: Dattatraya Gaonkar
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Published: 2010-02-01
Total Pages: 418
ISBN-13: 9533070463
DOWNLOAD EBOOKIn the recent years the electrical power utilities have undergone rapid restructuring process worldwide. Indeed, with deregulation, advancement in technologies and concern about the environmental impacts, competition is particularly fostered in the generation side, thus allowing increased interconnection of generating units to the utility networks. These generating sources are called distributed generators (DG) and defined as the plant which is directly connected to distribution network and is not centrally planned and dispatched. These are also called embedded or dispersed generation units. The rating of the DG systems can vary between few kW to as high as 100 MW. Various new types of distributed generator systems, such as microturbines and fuel cells in addition to the more traditional solar and wind power are creating significant new opportunities for the integration of diverse DG systems to the utility. Interconnection of these generators will offer a number of benefits such as improved reliability, power quality, efficiency, alleviation of system constraints along with the environmental benefits. Unlike centralized power plants, the DG units are directly connected to the distribution system; most often at the customer end. The existing distribution networks are designed and operated in radial configuration with unidirectional power flow from centralized generating station to customers. The increase in interconnection of DG to utility networks can lead to reverse power flow violating fundamental assumption in their design. This creates complexity in operation and control of existing distribution networks and offers many technical challenges for successful introduction of DG systems. Some of the technical issues are islanding of DG, voltage regulation, protection and stability of the network. Some of the solutions to these problems include designing standard interface control for individual DG systems by taking care of their diverse characteristics, finding new ways to/or install and control these DG systems and finding new design for distribution system. DG has much potential to improve distribution system performance. The use of DG strongly contributes to a clean, reliable and cost effective energy for future. This book deals with several aspects of the DG systems such as benefits, issues, technology interconnected operation, performance studies, planning and design. Several authors have contributed to this book aiming to benefit students, researchers, academics, policy makers and professionals. We are indebted to all the people who either directly or indirectly contributed towards the publication of this book.
Author: Lucian Mihet-Popa
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Published: 2016-07-13
Total Pages: 264
ISBN-13: 9535124730
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe book contains 10 chapters, and it is divided into four sections. The first section includes three chapters, providing an overview of Energy Management of Distributed Systems. It outlines typical concepts, such as Demand-Side Management, Demand Response, Distributed, and Hierarchical Control for Smart Micro-Grids. The second section contains three chapters and presents different control algorithms, software architectures, and simulation tools dedicated to Energy Management Systems. In the third section, the importance and the role of energy storage technology in a Distribution System, describing and comparing different types of energy storage systems, is shown. The fourth section shows how to identify and address potential threats for a Home Energy Management System. Finally, the fifth section discusses about Economical Optimization of Operational Cost for Micro-Grids, pointing out the effect of renewable energy sources, active loads, and energy storage systems on economic operation.
Author: International Energy Agency
Publisher:
Published: 2005
Total Pages: 228
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK"After a decade or more of experiences in reforming electricity markets in several pioneer regions, some important lessons can now be drawn. This book gives an assessment of these developments, focusing on the issues that are critical for successful electricity market liberalization. One lesson is that it is a long process which requires strong on-going government involvement and commitment. Experiences and examples in the study are mainly drawn from the UK, Australian, Nordic and North Eastern United States (the PJM interconnection) markets, which have all operated with considerable success for a number of years. They have improved efficiency without jeopardizing system security. These markets are described in greater detail in annexes of the book but the main analysis focuses on key issues rather than on specific countries and regions or specific market models. The study explores different solutions used in those relatively robust markets and the remaining challenges."--Publisher description.
Author: Pedro Faria
Publisher: MDPI
Published: 2019-03-21
Total Pages: 236
ISBN-13: 3038977187
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAt present, the impact of distributed energy resources in the operation of power and energy systems is unquestionable at the distribution level, but also at the whole power system management level. Increased flexibility is required to accommodate intermittent distributed generation and electric vehicle charging. Demand response has already been proven to have a great potential to contribute to an increased system efficiency while bringing additional benefits, especially to the consumers. Distributed storage is also promising, e.g., when jointly used with the currently increasing use of photovoltaic panels. This book addresses the management of distributed energy resources. The focus includes methods and techniques to achieve an optimized operation, to aggregate the resources, namely, by virtual power players, and to remunerate them. The integration of distributed resources in electricity markets is also addressed as a main drive for their efficient use.
Author: Clara Poletti
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Published: 2013-01-01
Total Pages: 235
ISBN-13: 0857933965
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe Economics of Electricity Markets provides a cutting-edge analysis of the critical issues involved in the design and operation of electricity markets, as well as an assessment of alternative institutional arrangements that have either been implemented or are under discussion in Europe and the US. The book illustrates how a sound market design can render electricity trading and retailing very much like that of other commodities. Social and political concerns, rather than engineering or economics, are what make electricity markets 'special'. The expert contributors address a wide set of issues that arise when competition is introduced to the electricity industry, ranging from the design of spot and real-time power markets to alternative approaches to congestion management, from competition policy in wholesale electricity markets to the benefits and costs of retail competition, and from regulatory measures to ensure generation capacity adequacy to the politicization of generation investment decisions as a way of pursuing sustainability targets. This highly informative book will appeal to academics, students and researchers in the field of advanced energy economics, and will prove essential reading for energy regulators, professionals and executives wishing to explore the theoretical foundations underpinning their day-to-day activities.
Author: Nicholas Jenkins
Publisher: IET
Published: 2000-06-30
Total Pages: 293
ISBN-13: 0852967748
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book, intended for both students and practising engineers, addresses all the issues pertinent to the implementation of embedded generation.
