The technological revolution in the field of electronics and telecommunications has helped to bring about sophisticated developments in the payment systems of many countries. A well-defined payment system is, therefore, a crucial component of the financial infrastructure of a country. Presently, India's payment systems are not only comparable to systems anywhere in the world, but are standards for other emerging economies to emulate. National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) is the mainstay of payment systems and its proximate objective is to provide convenient anytime-anywhere payment services that are secure and easy-to-use. This book is an informative and descriptive document on the subject of payment systems in India.
This book captures deploying Industry 4.0 technologies for business excellence and moving towards Society 5.0. It addresses applications of Industry 4.0 in the areas of marketing, operations, supply chain, finance, and HR to achieve business excellence. Industry 4.0 Technologies for Business Excellence: Frameworks, Practices, and Applications focuses on the use of AI in management across different sectors. It explores the benefits through a human-centered approach to resolving social problems by integrating cyberspace and physical space. It discusses the framework for moving towards Society 5.0 and keeping a balance between economic and social gains. This book brings together researchers, developers, practitioners, and users interested in exploring new ideas, techniques, and tools and exchanging their experiences to provide the most recent information on Industry 4.0 applications in the field of business excellence. Graduate or postgraduate students, professionals, and researchers in the fields of operations management, manufacturing, healthcare, supply chain, marketing, finance, and HR will find this book full of new ideas, techniques, and tools related to Industry 4.0.
In 2011 the World Bank—with funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation—launched the Global Findex database, the world's most comprehensive data set on how adults save, borrow, make payments, and manage risk. Drawing on survey data collected in collaboration with Gallup, Inc., the Global Findex database covers more than 140 economies around the world. The initial survey round was followed by a second one in 2014 and by a third in 2017. Compiled using nationally representative surveys of more than 150,000 adults age 15 and above in over 140 economies, The Global Findex Database 2017: Measuring Financial Inclusion and the Fintech Revolution includes updated indicators on access to and use of formal and informal financial services. It has additional data on the use of financial technology (or fintech), including the use of mobile phones and the Internet to conduct financial transactions. The data reveal opportunities to expand access to financial services among people who do not have an account—the unbanked—as well as to promote greater use of digital financial services among those who do have an account. The Global Findex database has become a mainstay of global efforts to promote financial inclusion. In addition to being widely cited by scholars and development practitioners, Global Findex data are used to track progress toward the World Bank goal of Universal Financial Access by 2020 and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The database, the full text of the report, and the underlying country-level data for all figures—along with the questionnaire, the survey methodology, and other relevant materials—are available at www.worldbank.org/globalfindex.
In this commemorative volume, India's top business leaders and economic luminaries come together to provide a balanced picture of the consequences of the country’s economic reforms, which were initiated in 1991. What were the reforms? What were they intended for? How have they affected the overall functioning of the economy? With contributions from Mukesh Ambani, Narayana Murthy, Sunil Mittal, Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw, Shivshankar Menon, Montek Singh Ahluwalia, T.N. Ninan, Sanjaya Baru, Naushad Forbes, Omkar Goswami and R. Gopalakrishnan, India Transformed delves deep into the life of an economically liberalized India through the eyes of the people who helped transform it.
From traditional brick and mortar to new start-ups, businesses are harnessing the power of digital enterprise as a cost-effective model to deliver goods and services online. Digital enterprise strategy is adopted for transforming business, streamlining processes, and making the best use of online technologies to enhance interaction with customers and employees and deliver excellent customer experience in real time. Digital enterprises increasingly need digital workers to establish greater digital skills to bear on every activity and to drive management, strategy, and innovation, which are key for digital enterprise transformation. The Handbook of Research on Management and Strategies for Digital Enterprise Transformation is a crucial reference source that discusses leveraging technology for the customers’, employees’, and suppliers’ benefit, as well as integrating complex processes to management, marketing, production, manufacturing, and financial systems. Combining management, strategy, technology, and digital enterprise topics into one book provides the reader with a holistic understanding of the new developments in these emerging fields. This study will also include key topics of interest on how to address structural changes underway in the local and global business environment for digital enterprise transformation. Featuring research on topics such as e-commerce, organizational learning, and agile management, this book is ideally designed for business professionals, policymakers, researchers, students, and managers.
This paper marks the launch of a new IMF series, Fintech Notes. Building on years of IMF staff work, it will explore pressing topics in the digital economy and be issued periodically. The series will carry work by IMF staff and will seek to provide insight into the intersection of technology and the global economy. The Rise of Digital Money analyses how technology companies are stepping up competition to large banks and credit card companies. Digital forms of money are increasingly in the wallets of consumers as well as in the minds of policymakers. Cash and bank deposits are battling with so-called e-money, electronically stored monetary value denominated in, and pegged to, a currency like the euro or the dollar. This paper identifies the benefits and risks and highlights regulatory issues that are likely to emerge with a broader adoption of stablecoins. The paper also highlights the risks associated with e-money: potential creation of new monopolies; threats to weaker currencies; concerns about consumer protection and financial stability; and the risk of fostering illegal activities, among others.
We examine how the development of the digital infrastructure known as the “India Stack”—including an interoperable payments system, a universal digital ID, and other features—is delivering on the government’s objective to expand the provision of financial services. While each individual component of the India Stack is important, we argue that its key overarching feature is a foundational approach of providing extensive public infrastructures and standards that generates important synergies across the layers of the Stack. Until recently, a large share of India’s population lacked access to formal banking services and was largely reliant on cash for financial transactions. The expansion of mobile-based financial services that enable simple and convenient ways to save and conduct financial transactions has provided a novel alternative for expanding the financial net. The Stack’s improved digital infrastructures have already allowed for a rapid increase in the use of digital payments and the entry of a range of competitors including fintech and bigtech firms.
The demonetisation of November 2016 will go down in history as one of the most intensely debated economic policy interventions of the Indian state. With the abolition of the legal tender status of Rs 500 and Rs 1,000 notes, about 86 per cent of the currency in circulation stood withdrawn from circulation in the economy. The purpose, according to the government, was to stamp out counterfeit currency, unearth black money, and usher in a less-cash economy. This work analyses in detail the conception and implementation of demonetisation, its impact on different spheres of the economy and sections of the people, and various claims of the government vis-à-vis demonetisation. It tries to locate the two demonetisations of 1978 and 2016 within the broader questions of tax evasion and the generation and storage of black money in India over the last six decades. It has a comprehensive introduction, supported by writings from the archives of the Economic & Political Weekly.
Digital transformation is revolutionising economies and societies with rapid technological advances in AI, robotics and the Internet of Things. Low and middle-income countries are struggling to gain a foothold in the global digital economy in the face of limited digital capacity, skills, and fragmented global and regional rules.
"It is generally recognized that the adoption of a new technology plays a fundamental role in the development process. However, the benefits from the introduction of the technology may be unevenly distributed among the population, especially if the markets do not function properly. While the microeconomic literature on technology adopted and diffusion focuses on "who" and "when," the macroeconomic literature has focused on the overall impact of globalization on inequality. In this paper the authors bring these two strands of the literature together by studying the diffusion of plastic reinforced fiber boats in a fishing village in Tamil Nadu and by analyzing the dynamics of income inequality during this process. " -- Cover verso.
