The importance of stem cells for various treatment purposes came to be realized after the advent of its prolific research. Stem cells are being popularly harvested from many sources such as embryo and bone marrow. However, harvesting and reaping the beneficial effects of stem cells from dental pulp is still cradling in its infancy. Indeed, there is a dearth of information on the detailed procedure of harvesting the stem cells from the dental pulp. This book is a compendium which highlights on the procedures of harvesting the stem cells from dental pulp and its characterization, with the aim to trigger the interests of the readers who are keen to venture further in this field. Keywords: Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penerbit Universiti Sains Malayia, Penerbit USM
This book explores Dental Stem Cell (DSC) biology, from a review of basic concepts for cell culture, to isolation, self-renewal, multipotency and differentiation, regulation by molecular medicine, and prospective research areas for regenerative medicine. The first seven chapters delve into basic DSC properties, vital signaling pathways involved in differentiation, pluripotency, iPS cell development from DSCs, and genetic engineering approaches of DSCs in accordance with the current literature. A comprehensive review of possible clinical applications and in vitro/in vivo studies follows, illustrating the future of DSC research for in the tissue engineering field. The text also discusses the political, ethical, social, and legal ramifications of the use of dental stem cells. Expertly authored and drawing from a multitude of international perspectives, Dental Stem Cells is an invaluable addition to Springer’s Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine series. It is essential reading for advanced graduate students, basic researchers, and clinical investigators in the fields of stem cell therapy, biological sciences of dentistry, and regenerative medicine.
The significance of stem cells harvested from various sources came into limelight after reaping its beneficial effects in tissue engineering. However, there is a dearth of information specifically related to tissue engineering and regenerative dentistry. This book is an informative compendium which highlights on the basic principles of tissue engineering, the different approaches that can be adopted for the construction of oral mucosa model and three-dimensional cell culture, as well as its advantages and limitations directed towards the future directions; thus, triggering the interests of those who are keen to navigate further into this area of research.
This volume on stepwise techniques to culture adult human stem cells begins with the basic methods to culture adult stem cells followed by related methods to supplement stem cell culture. This and future volumes of techniques will allow laboratories across scientific entities – academic and commercial – to adapt the described methods for similar methods with cells from other species. The standardized techniques will allow across the board interpretation of other technologies such as Omics studies. These methods can be a starting platform for culturing stem cells even in laboratories that might not be familiar with the techniques. Scientific and early clinical trials strongly favor the development of translational studies with adult stem cells. A major impediment to progress in the field of regenerative medicine is a lack of standardized methods to culture specific stem cells. Such documented methods would allow for scientific rigor and reproducibility to enhance efficient and safe translation of stem cells to patients. This book fills that gap.
This book focuses on the basic aspects of dental stem cells (DSCs) as well as their clinical applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. It opens with a discussion of classification, protocols, and properties of DSCs and proceeds to explore DSCs within the contexts of cryopreservation; epigenetics; pulp, periodontal, tooth, bone, and corneal stroma regeneration; neuronal properties, mesenchymal stem cells and biomaterials; and as sources of hepatocytes for liver disease treatment. The fifteen expertly authored chapters comprehensively examine possible applications of DSCs and provide invaluable insights into mechanisms of growth and differentiation. Dental Stem Cells: Regenerative Potential draws from a wealth of international perspectives and is an essential addition to the developing literature on dental stem cells. This installment of Springer’s Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine series is indispensable for biomedical researchers interested in bioengineering, dentistry, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, cell biology and oncology.
Sequential and reciprocal interactions between oral epithelial and cranial neural crest-derived mesenchymal cells give rise to the teeth and periodontium. Teeth are vital organs containing a rich number of blood vessels and nerve fibers within the dental pulp and periodontium. Teeth are composed by unique and specific collagenous (dentin, fibrillar cementum) and non-collagenous (enamel) highly mineralized extracellular matrices. Alveolar bone is another collagenous hard tissue that supports tooth stability and function through its close interaction with the periodontal ligament. Dental hard tissues are often damaged after infection or traumatic injuries that lead to the partial or complete destruction of the functional dental and supportive tissues. Well-established protocols are routinely used in dental clinics for the restoration or replacement of the damaged tooth and alveolar bone areas. Recent progress in the fields of cell biology, tissue engineering, and nanotechnology offers promising opportunities to repair damaged or missing dental tissues. Indeed, pulp and periodontal tissue regeneration is progressing rapidly with the application of stem cells, biodegradable scaffolds, and growth factors. Furthermore, methods that enable partial dental hard tissue repair and regeneration are being evaluated with variable degrees of success. However, these cell-based therapies are still incipient and many issues need to be addressed before any clinical application. The understanding of tooth and periodontal tissues formation would be beneficial for improving regenerative attempts in dental clinics. In the present e-book we have covered the various aspects dealing with dental and periodontal tissues physiology and regeneration in 6 chapters: 1. General principles on the use of stem cells for regenerating craniofacial and dental tissues 2. The roles of nerves, vessels and stem cell niches in tissue regeneration 3. Dental pulp regeneration and mechanisms of various odontoblast functions 4. Dental root and periodontal physiology, pathology and regeneration 5. Physiology and regeneration of the bone using various scaffolds and stem cell populations 6. Physiology, pathology and regeneration of enamel using dental epithelial stem cells
Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering in Dental Sciences bridges the gap left by many tissue engineering and stem cell biology titles to highlight the significance of translational research in this field in the medical sciences. It compiles basic developmental biology with keen focus on cell and matrix biology, stem cells with relevance to tissue engineering biomaterials including nanotechnology and current applications in various disciplines of dental sciences; viz., periodontology, endodontics, oral & craniofacial surgery, dental implantology, orthodontics & dentofacial orthopedics, organ engineering and transplant medicine. In addition, it covers research ethics, laws and industrial pitfalls that are of particular importance for the future production of tissue constructs. Tissue Engineering is an interdisciplinary field of biomedical research, which combines life, engineering and materials sciences, to progress the maintenance, repair and replacement of diseased and damaged tissues. This ever-emerging area of research applies an understanding of normal tissue physiology to develop novel biomaterial, acellular and cell-based technologies for clinical and non-clinical applications. As evident in numerous medical disciplines, tissue engineering strategies are now being increasingly developed and evaluated as potential routine therapies for oral and craniofacial tissue repair and regeneration. Diligently covers all the aspects related to stem cell biology and tissue engineering in dental sciences: basic science, research, clinical application and commercialization Provides detailed descriptions of new, modern technologies, fabrication techniques employed in the fields of stem cells, biomaterials and tissue engineering research including details of latest advances in nanotechnology Includes a description of stem cell biology with details focused on oral and craniofacial stem cells and their potential research application throughout medicine Print book is available and black and white, and the ebook is in full color
Stem cell biology, an emerging field of research, provides promising methods in-vitro as well as in-vivo in animal models which make speculation about a future application in human dentistry reasonable. Stem cells & Dentistry serves the needs of the evolving population of researchers, practitioners, post graduates and students who are embracing the latest advances in stem cell technology. This book features more user-friendly chapters which has been organized to be efficient and concise, besides flowing in a more logical order. This short book discusses about stem cells in general, history and future perspectives, stem cell culture, differentiation, properties, uses, limitations, ethics & moral values in stem cell research with an insight of stem cell applications in the field of dentistry.
The Indian institution of dentures sitting in a glass of water beside the bed could berendered obsolete by scientists who are confident that people will soon be able to replace lost teeth by growing new ones instead of false teeth, a small ball of cells capable of growing into a new tooth will be implanted where the missing one used to be the procedure needs only a local anesthetic and the new tooth should be fully formed within a few months of the cells being implanted. Paul Sharpe, a specialist in the field of regenerative dentistry at the Dental Institute of king's College, London, says the new procedure has distinct advantages over false teeth that require a metal post to be driven into the jaw before being capped with a porcelain or plastic tooth. The surgery today can be extensive and you need to have good solid bone in the jaw and that is a major problem for some people," The method could be used on far more patients because the ball of cells that grows in to a tooth also produces bone that anchors to the jaw. The choice of growing a new tooth is likely to appeal to patients. "Anyone who has lost teeth will tell you that, given the chance, they would rather have their own teeth than false ones," The average indian over 50 has lost 12 teeth from a set of 32. The procedure is fairly simple. Doctors take stem cells from the patient. These are unique in their ability to form any of the tissues that make up the body. By carefully nurturing the stem cells in a laboratory, scientists can nudge the cells down a path that will make them grow into a tooth. After a couple of weeks, the ball of cells, known as bud, is ready to be implanted. Tests reveal what type of tooth - for example, a molar: an incisor - the bud will form, Using a local anaesthetic, the tooth bud is inserted through a small incision into the gum. Within months, the cells will have matured into a fully-formed tooth, fused to the jawbone. As the tooth grows, it releases chemicals that encourage nerves and blood vessels to link up with it.
