Critical Appraisal of Medical Literature
Critical Appraisal of Medical Literature

Author: David Marchevsky

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 282

ISBN-13: 1461542057

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Critical Appraisal of Medical Literature provides a step-by-step approach to help the reader reach a good level of proficiency in systematic critical appraisal of medical information. To this end, the book covers all the elements that are necessary to develop these skills and is a comprehensive guide to the subject. The book is written in three parts. The first part focuses on the logical justification and the validity of medical information. Its chapters present basic working definitions and discussions on relevant basic topics of statistics and epidemiology. The second part focuses on the complementary aspects of critique, common study designs and articles whose main topics are treatment, diagnosis, prognosis, aetiology, reviews, medical guidelines, audit, and qualitative research. The third part presents some statistical techniques that are commonly used in published articles. Critical Appraisal of Medical Literature is intended for those interested in developing critical appraisal skills such as psychiatric trainees preparing for the Critical Review Paper of the MRCPsych Examination in the UK, other practitioners as part of their preparation for examinations, and medical professionals and students as part of their introduction to aspects of systematic critical appraisal of medical information.

Making Sense of Critical Appraisal
Making Sense of Critical Appraisal

Author: Olajide Ajetunmobi

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2021-02-10

Total Pages: 168

ISBN-13: 1000423468

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This handy pocket companion provides all the necessary guidance on how to understand medical research publications, read them critically and decide whether the content of those papers is clinically useful in the care of patients. Illustrated throughout with medically relevant examples, the accessible text encompasses all relevant aspects of study design and clinical audit to give a clear framework to support critical reading for the novice and more experienced reader.

Medical Statistics
Medical Statistics

Author: Jennifer Peat

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2008-04-15

Total Pages: 336

ISBN-13: 0470755202

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Holistic approach to understanding medical statistics This hands-on guide is much more than a basic medical statistics introduction. It equips you with the statistical tools required for evidence-based clinical research. Each chapter provides a clear step-by-step guide to each statistical test with practical instructions on how to generate and interpret the numbers, and present the results as scientific tables or graphs. Showing you how to: analyse data with the help of data set examples (Click here to download datasets) select the correct statistics and report results for publication or presentation understand and critically appraise results reported in the literature Each statistical test is linked to the research question and the type of study design used. There are also checklists for critically appraising the literature and web links to useful internet sites. Clear and concise explanations, combined with plenty of examples and tabulated explanations are based on the authors’ popular medical statistics courses. Critical appraisal guidelines at the end of each chapter help the reader evaluate the statistical data in their particular contexts.

The Doctor's Guide to Critical Appraisal
The Doctor's Guide to Critical Appraisal

Author: Narinder Kaur Gosall

Publisher: PasTest Ltd

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 209

ISBN-13: 1905635567

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Offers a range of sample comparative journal extracts enabling Foundation Year doctors and MRCGP and MRCPsych candidates to practise their critical appraisal skills. This title includes extracts that cover the whole spectrum of critical appraisal, together with exercises for the reader to work through independently to improve their technique.

Critical Appraisal of Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials
Critical Appraisal of Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials

Author: Mark Elwood

Publisher: OUP Oxford

Published: 2007-02-22

Total Pages: 615

ISBN-13: 0191004944

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This book presents a logical system of critical appraisal, to allow readers to evaluate studies and to carry out their own studies more effectively. This system emphasizes the central importance of cause and effect relationships. Its great strength is that it is applicable to a wide range of issues, and both to intervention trials and observational studies. This system unifies the often different approaches used in epidemiology, health services research, clinical trials, and evidence-based medicine, starting from a logical consideration of cause and effect. The author's approach to the issues of study design, selection of subjects, bias, confounding, and the place of statistical methods has been praised for its clarity and interest. Systematic reviews, meta-analysis, and the applications of this logic to evidence-based medicine, knowledge-based health care, and health practice and policy are discussed. Current and often controversial examples are used, including screening for prostate cancer, publication bias in psychiatry, public health issues in developing countries, and conflicts between observational studies and randomized trials. Statistical issues are explained clearly without complex mathematics, and the most useful methods are summarized in the appendix. The final chapters give six applications of the critical appraisal of major studies: randomized trials of medical treatment and prevention, a prospective and a retrospective cohort study, a small matched case-control study, and a large case-control study. In these chapters, sections of the original papers are reproduced and the original studies placed in context by a summary of current developments.

How to Read a Paper
How to Read a Paper

Author: Trisha Greenhalgh

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2014-02-26

Total Pages: 285

ISBN-13: 111880113X

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The best-selling introduction to evidence-based medicine In a clear and engaging style, How to Read a Paper demystifies evidence-based medicine and explains how to critically appraise published research and also put the findings into practice. An ideal introduction to evidence-based medicine, How to Read a Paper explains what to look for in different types of papers and how best to evaluate the literature and then implement the findings in an evidence-based, patient-centred way. Helpful checklist summaries of the key points in each chapter provide a useful framework for applying the principles of evidence-based medicine in everyday practice. This fifth edition has been fully updated with new examples and references to reflect recent developments and current practice. It also includes two new chapters on applying evidence-based medicine with patients and on the common criticisms of evidence-based medicine and responses. How to Read a Paper is a standard text for medical and nursing schools as well as a friendly guide for everyone wanting to teach or learn the basics of evidence-based medicine.

Practical Psychiatric Epidemiology
Practical Psychiatric Epidemiology

Author: Jayati Das-Munshi

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2020-04-30

Total Pages: 508

ISBN-13: 0191054461

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Epidemiology has been defined as the study of the distribution and determinants of health states or events in defined populations and its application to the control of health problems. Psychiatric epidemiology has continued to develop and apply these core principles in relation to mental health and mental disorders. This long-awaited second edition of Practical Psychiatric Epidemiology covers all of the considerable new developments in psychiatric epidemiology that have occurred since the first edition was published. It includes new content on key topics such as life course epidemiology, gene/environment interactions, bioethics, patient and public involvement in research, mixed methods research, new statistical methods, case registers, policy, and implementation. Looking to the future of this rapidly evolving scientific discipline and how it will to respond to the emerging opportunities and challenges posed by 'big data', new technologies, open science and globalisation, this new edition will continue to serve as an invaluable reference for clinicians in practice and in training. It will also be of interest to researchers in mental health and people studying or teaching psychiatric epidemiology at undergraduate or postgraduate level.

Finding What Works in Health Care
Finding What Works in Health Care

Author: Institute of Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2011-07-20

Total Pages: 267

ISBN-13: 0309164257

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Healthcare decision makers in search of reliable information that compares health interventions increasingly turn to systematic reviews for the best summary of the evidence. Systematic reviews identify, select, assess, and synthesize the findings of similar but separate studies, and can help clarify what is known and not known about the potential benefits and harms of drugs, devices, and other healthcare services. Systematic reviews can be helpful for clinicians who want to integrate research findings into their daily practices, for patients to make well-informed choices about their own care, for professional medical societies and other organizations that develop clinical practice guidelines. Too often systematic reviews are of uncertain or poor quality. There are no universally accepted standards for developing systematic reviews leading to variability in how conflicts of interest and biases are handled, how evidence is appraised, and the overall scientific rigor of the process. In Finding What Works in Health Care the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommends 21 standards for developing high-quality systematic reviews of comparative effectiveness research. The standards address the entire systematic review process from the initial steps of formulating the topic and building the review team to producing a detailed final report that synthesizes what the evidence shows and where knowledge gaps remain. Finding What Works in Health Care also proposes a framework for improving the quality of the science underpinning systematic reviews. This book will serve as a vital resource for both sponsors and producers of systematic reviews of comparative effectiveness research.

Evidence Based Medicine Workbook
Evidence Based Medicine Workbook

Author: James Munro

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 1997-04-10

Total Pages: 224

ISBN-13: 9780750625906

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The key purpose of this book is to enable the student to develop practical skills in clinical problem solving by reading and appraising published scientific literature in the form of exercises that begin and end with a clinical scenario. Critical appraisal has become a vital skill for today's health professional. This book is aimed at all those who want or need to be able to use available research evidence to inform their professional practice. In a unique format, this book provides engaging and practical exercises in critically appraising scientific papers, leading the reader step by step through real examples from the medical literature. The exercises are designed to provide practice in key critical appraisal skills as well as to introduce new concepts and test understanding, and will appeal to readers from a wide range of backgrounds. Additional explanation is provided on the major topics in each exercise, together with references to suggested reading for those who wish to explore further. Also included are critical appraisal checklists which can be used in the appraisal and scoring of other published papers. The nine exercises are designed to complement one another and together they provide worked examples for each of the study designs in common use in clinical and health services research. 'Evidence-based Medicine: a critical appraisal for clinical problem-solving' will interest all medical students, public health specialists and clinicians interested in Evidence-Based Medicine. Teachers of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics will also find this a useful purchase.