Thermophysics: Applications to Thermal Design of Spacecraft
Thermophysics: Applications to Thermal Design of Spacecraft

Author: Jerry Bevans

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2012-12-02

Total Pages: 599

ISBN-13: 032314490X

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Thermophysics: Applications to Thermal Design of Spacecraft is a collection of technical papers presented at the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics's 7th Aerospace Sciences Meeting, held on January 20-22, 1969, in New York and 4th Thermophysics Conference, held on June 16-18, 1969, in San Francisco, California. Contributors explore the applications of thermophysics to thermal design of spacecraft and tackle topics ranging from conduction and radiation to convection, phase change, and thermal design techniques. Comprised of 26 chapters, this volume begins with a discussion on experimental thermophysical properties, focusing on topics such as contact thermal resistance theory and experiment; optics and engineering in thermophysics; and crystal growth during melting and freezing and its application to phase change in thermal control. The physical parameters affecting radiation property degradation under simulated space environmental conditions are also considered. Radiative analysis is treated in the next section, with emphasis on surface effects upon radiative properties; two-component heat pipes; parametric thermal control requirements for future manned spacecraft; and thermal considerations of a landed vehicle on the surface of Mars. This book should be of interest to practitioners in astronautics and aeronautics.

Insulation Materials, Testing and Applications, 2nd Volume
Insulation Materials, Testing and Applications, 2nd Volume

Author: Ronald S. Graves

Publisher: ASTM International

Published: 1991

Total Pages: 647

ISBN-13: 0803114206

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Papers presented at the syposium of the same name held in Gatlinburg, Tennessee, October 1991, address issues connected with reflectives, radiant barriers, radiation control coatings; economics and energy impact; long-term thermal performance of foams; assessments and properties of foams; convection

Beyond the Black Box
Beyond the Black Box

Author: George Bibel

Publisher: JHU Press

Published: 2008-01-31

Total Pages: 420

ISBN-13: 9780801886317

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The black box is orange—and there are actually two of them. They house the cockpit voice recorder and the flight data recorder, instruments vital to airplane crash analyses. But accident investigators cannot rely on the black boxes alone. Beginning with the 1931 Fokker F-10A crash that killed legendary football coach Knute Rockne, this fascinating book provides a behind-the-scenes look at plane wreck investigations. Professor George Bibel shows how forensic experts, scientists, and engineers analyze factors like impact, debris, loading, fire patterns, metallurgy, fracture, crash testing, and human tolerances to determine why planes fall from the sky—and how the information gleaned from accident reconstruction is incorporated into aircraft design and operation to keep commercial aviation as safe as possible.

Surface Temperature Measurements with Thermoelectric Materials
Surface Temperature Measurements with Thermoelectric Materials

Author: W. Lai

Publisher:

Published: 1962

Total Pages: 138

ISBN-13:

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Presented in this report is a study of the errors in surface-temperature measurements made with a thermocouple (TC), when both TC wires and surface are exposed to radiant energy. The errors arise from (1) the net heat transfer at the TC junction, and (2) the quality and stability (change in calibration) of the TC materials. The effects of electrical disturbances and mechanical vibrations were also investigated. Results from steady-state experiments show that analysis of the heat-transfer errors must include the effects of (1) specimen thermal conductivity and absorptivity, (2) orientation of the TC with respect to convection currents, (3) proximity of the TC wires and the specimen surface, (4) relative changes of absorptivity and over-all thermal conductivity due to thermal aging of the TC material, TC insulation, and the specimen to which the TC is attached, and (5) heat flux level. Some experiments were performed to study the response of surface TC's to transient heating. The results, for a single specimen thickness, showed that the transient response is greater for large TC wire diameter during the initial transient heating period bu becomes independent of TC wire diameter when the heat flux rate reaches steady state. It was shown that moisture absorbed by the TC insulation has a negligible effect on the heat transfer error. The magnitude of errors arising from instability, which is independent of the quality of TC materials, depends upon the exposure condition and duration. The calibration of commercial thermocouples, whether noble metal or base metal, will probably change lesss than 1F after exposure at less than 1000F in air for 1000 hours. Twisting the TC wires together, and shielding power cables, are sufficient to reduce pickup noise from thyratron power regulators in our instrumentation to an acceptable level. Failure of TC's due to vibration at 40 CPS and 2 to 3 g acceleration for up to 4 hours is unlikely up to temperatures of about 3000F. A bibliography is appended.