Cluster Dynamics in Transition Economies
Cluster Dynamics in Transition Economies

Author: Elona Karafili

Publisher:

Published: 2021

Total Pages: 74

ISBN-13: 9783030698430

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This book analyses the effectiveness of policies adopted in cluster promotion, using complexity thinking and evolutionary economic geography approaches. It studies cluster dynamics in transition economies, exploring the case of Albania. In developing countries, the 'model' of the developed countries, is often seen as the endpoint of a trajectory that must be followed meticulously, implying a view on modernization as a linear and uniform process. They tend to import policies from these 'success models' showing minimal regard to their context and institutional capabilities; therefore, more often than not, such policies show little effectiveness. This research on cluster policies in Albania confirms this. It suggests that in Albania there is a need to revise the way of thinking about clusters, considering them first and foremost as relational networks, instead of physically bound industrial districts. While there is questioning of top-down policies and the national innovation systems prerogative, the suggested model by this research, in line with some of the most recent policy frameworks, advocates the need for flexibility, bottom-up initiatives and place-based approaches. By means of conclusion, the book comes up with an alternative model of territorial policies for cluster development, shifting from 'static' towards 'dynamic' planning.

Cluster Dynamics in Transition Economies
Cluster Dynamics in Transition Economies

Author: Elona Karafili

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-03-16

Total Pages: 84

ISBN-13: 3030698424

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This book analyses the effectiveness of policies adopted in cluster promotion, using complexity thinking and evolutionary economic geography approaches. It studies cluster dynamics in transition economies, exploring the case of Albania. In developing countries, the ‘model’ of the developed countries, is often seen as the endpoint of a trajectory that must be followed meticulously, implying a view on modernization as a linear and uniform process. They tend to import policies from these ‘success models’ showing minimal regard to their context and institutional capabilities; therefore, more often than not, such policies show little effectiveness. This research on cluster policies in Albania confirms this. It suggests that in Albania there is a need to revise the way of thinking about clusters, considering them first and foremost as relational networks, instead of physically bound industrial districts. While there is questioning of top-down policies and the national innovation systems prerogative, the suggested model by this research, in line with some of the most recent policy frameworks, advocates the need for flexibility, bottom-up initiatives and place-based approaches. By means of conclusion, the book comes up with an alternative model of territorial policies for cluster development, shifting from ‘static’ towards ‘dynamic’ planning.

Transition Economies
Transition Economies

Author: Gergõ M. Lakatos

Publisher: Nova Publishers

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 256

ISBN-13: 9781604560824

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A transition economy is an economy which is changing from a planned economy to a free market. Transition economies undergo economic liberalisation (letting market forces set prices and lowering trade barriers), macroeconomic stabilisation where immediate high inflation is brought under control, and restructuring and privatisation in order to create a financial sector and move from public to private ownership of resources. These changes often may lead to increased inequality of incomes and wealth, dramatic inflation and a fall of GDP. Transition process is usually characterised by the changing and creating of institutions, particularly private enterprises; changes in the role of the state, thereby, the creation of fundamentally different governmental institutions and the promotion of private-owned enterprises, markets and independent financial institutions. This new book presents the latest research from around the world in this field.

Clusters as an instrument to bridge institutional voids in transition economies
Clusters as an instrument to bridge institutional voids in transition economies

Author: Tine Schrammel

Publisher: Springer Science & Business

Published: 2014-04-24

Total Pages: 283

ISBN-13: 3658057254

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Transition economies, such as the countries in Southeast Europe, face an expeditious institutional transition from a centrally planned to a market economy. The state withdraws from its monitoring function, which results in institutional voids that affect the economy in general and small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in specific. With a qualitative case study approach Tine Schrammel develops a scheme to detect institutional voids as one source of competitive disadvantages of SMEs in transition economies. In a second step she demonstrates that specific cluster services bridge institutional voids and improve the competitive position of SMEs in environments of institutional voids. The findings add to the understanding of institutional voids and to the role of clusters in transition economies.

Economic Dynamics in Transitional Economies
Economic Dynamics in Transitional Economies

Author: Bruno S. Sergi

Publisher: International Business Press

Published: 2003

Total Pages: 266

ISBN-13:

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This book examines the economic dynamics of Central and Eastern European post-Communist countries. It illuminates the paths these countries are taking toward restructuring their markets, increasing international trade, and bettering their connections with the European Union and other countries. Beginning with a comparative analysis of the three

Broadening Our Knowledge on Cluster Evolution
Broadening Our Knowledge on Cluster Evolution

Author: Dirk Fornahl

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2018-02-02

Total Pages: 238

ISBN-13: 1317213688

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Although clusters are regarded as important elements in economic development, the strong focus in the literature on the way clusters function is contrasted with a disregard for their evolutionary development: how clusters actually become clusters, how and why they decline, and how they shift into new fields and transform over time. Although recently new cluster life cycle approaches emerged, both empirical evidence and theoretical contributions on this topic are still limited. This book therefore contributes to broadening our knowledge on the life cycle and evolution of clusters both empirically and theoretically. It contains chapters on inter-firm relations as drivers of cluster transformation, as well as chapters on the heterogeneity of firms and firm capabilities during cluster evolution and on the role of institutions in stimulating the emergence and growth of clusters. Case-studies stem from different industries and technologies, such as biogas, film and television, new media and medical technologies, and from different countries, such as Sweden, Austria, Switzerland and South Korea. All chapters underline that cluster evolution does not only depend on internal dynamics, but that external relations are an integral part of cluster dynamics. This book was previously published as a special issue of European Planning Studies.

The Globalization of Regional Clusters
The Globalization of Regional Clusters

Author: Dirk Fornahl

Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing

Published: 2021-04-30

Total Pages: 240

ISBN-13: 1839102489

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Addressing the role of regional clusters in the context of ongoing globalization, this timely book investigates the two seemingly competing trends of globalization and localization from both quantitative and qualitative perspectives. International case studies offer pioneering insights into the internationalization process of regional clusters and the effect of this on regional as well as firm performance.

Market Platforms, Industrial Clusters and Small Business Dynamics
Market Platforms, Industrial Clusters and Small Business Dynamics

Author: Ke Ding

Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing

Published: 2012-01-01

Total Pages: 257

ISBN-13: 1781006288

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The emergence of specialized markets has profoundly improved the means of market access, enriched the driving forces of value chains, and changed the business environment for small firms in the developing world. This ground-breaking book summarizes the experience of specialized markets in a systematic manner. Specialized markets are a unique product of China's economic transition. They are marketplaces located in industrial clusters, specializing in the wholesale of local commodities and related goods. Ding Ke reveals that, despite their seemingly primitive form, specialized markets appeared in many of the modern industrial sectors and were paradoxically upgraded and expanded as these clusters developed. He argues that specialized markets have also formed solid linkages with marketplaces in various cities in China and in other developing economies. A powerful, emerging market-oriented distribution system has thus appeared. Based on thorough fieldwork covering ten years, and using the novel theory of the platform, this book clarifies the unique development logic of specialized markets. Specialized markets have thoroughly changed the business environment for SMEs in developing countries and greatly enriched the general understanding concerning SME development. This book will prove invaluable for SME, Chinese economy and platform researchers. Management scientists and managers in multinational firms focusing on bottom-of-the-pyramid markets will also find plenty of interesting information in this enlightening compendium.

The Dynamics of Clusters and Innovation
The Dynamics of Clusters and Innovation

Author: Brigitte Preissl

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-04-17

Total Pages: 246

ISBN-13: 3642500110

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Innovation is the motor of economic change. Over the last fifteen years, researches in innovation processes have emphasised the systemic features of innovation. Whilst innovation system analysis traditionally takes a static institutional approach, cluster analysis focuses on interaction and the dynamics of technology and innovation. First, the volume gives an overview of the different levels of analysis from which the innovation behaviour of firms has been observed in the past. The book then presents a distinct cluster approach as a useful and innovative tool to analyse the configuration and dynamics of networks of actors involved in innovative processes. This approach emphasises the possibilities of enhancing cluster benefits by introducing virtual links between cluster actors. Empirical evidence is provided for the automotive components and the telecommunication industries. By restricting the discussion to Germany and Italy, the authors are able to explore the role that national innovation systems play as a framework in which clusters operate.

Clusters of Competitiveness
Clusters of Competitiveness

Author: Raj Nallari

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2013-08-28

Total Pages: 150

ISBN-13: 1464800499

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Competition, competitiveness, innovation and growth are inherently linked. This book covers the main ideas underlying competitiveness and its applications, drawing lessons for developing economies and relevant policy recommendations.