Clonality in the Anthropocene: Adaptation, Evolution, and Functioning of Clonal Plants from Individuals to Ecosystems
Clonality in the Anthropocene: Adaptation, Evolution, and Functioning of Clonal Plants from Individuals to Ecosystems

Author: Yong-Jian Wang

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Published: 2024-09-02

Total Pages: 160

ISBN-13: 283255394X

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The Anthropocene, with the ongoing global changes in climate, land use, acidity, and content of toxins, represents the greatest recent challenges for plants. Clonal plants mainly reproduce vegetatively/asexually, and offspring remain attached to the parent at least until establishment. Despite limited gene recombination and genetic diversity, clonal plants are widely distributed and play significant roles in various ecosystems worldwide. Clonal traits, such as resource sharing and signaling between connected ramets, selective positioning of ramets, reallocation of stored energy/nutrients between connected ramets, initiation of meristem banks in response to clonal integration, and trade-offs between clonal and sexual reproduction, might help clonal plants adapt to different environmental conditions. The expression, fitness effects, and evolution of clonal traits can be influenced by environmental changes, which can be efficiently inherited and affects offspring performance, i.e., clonal parental effect. These adaptations may contribute to the survival, competition, invasiveness, and spread of clonal species in response to global climate change in the Anthropocene, from individuals to ecosystems. Understanding the capacity of clonal species to survive and adjust to changing environments is requisite but limited. Specifically, the unique traits of clonal plants have been underestimated, and their contribution to population, community, and ecosystem dynamics is unclear. The roles of clonality in ecosystem functioning (e.g., carbon storage, carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycling, water and soil conservation, and water purification) need to be further explored. The contribution of clonal growth in plant invasiveness and community invisibility also needs to be addressed. Hence, there is an urgent need for more in-depth studies investigating the adaptation and evolution, mechanisms, functioning, and approaches of plant clonality to global change and invasiveness at different levels.

Clonality
Clonality

Author: John Avise

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2008-10-23

Total Pages: 250

ISBN-13: 0199708746

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Approximately 99.9% of vertebrate species reproduce sexually. The exceptional 0.1% reproduce via asexual or clonal means, which vary wildly and are fascinating in their own right. In this book, John C. Avise describes the genetics, ecology, natural history, and evolution of the world's approximately 100 species of vertebrate animal that routinely display one form or another of clonal or quasi-clonal reproduction. By considering the many facets of sexual abstinence and clonal reproduction in vertebrate animals, Avise sheds new light on the biological meaning and ramifications of standard sexuality.

Molecular Genetic Pathology
Molecular Genetic Pathology

Author: Liang Cheng

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2013-03-05

Total Pages: 1136

ISBN-13: 9781461447993

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Molecular Genetic Pathology, Second Edition presents up-to-date material containing fundamental information relevant to the clinical practice of molecular genetic pathology. Fully updated in each area and expanded to include identification of new infectious agents (H1N1), new diagnostic biomarkers and biomarkers for targeted cancer therapy. This edition is also expanded to include the many new technologies that have become available in the past few years such as microarray (AmpliChip) and high throughput deep sequencing, which will certainly change the clinical practice of molecular genetic pathology. Part I examines the clinical aspects of molecular biology and technology, genomics. Poharmacogenomics and proteomics, while Part II covers the clinically relevant information of medical genetics, hematology, transfusion medicine, oncology, and forensic pathology. Supplemented with many useful figures and presented in a helpful bullet-point format, Molecular Genetic Pathology, Second Edition provides a unique reference for practicing pathologists, oncologists, internists, and medical genetisists. Furthermore, a book with concise overview of the field and highlights of clinical applications will certainly help those trainees, including pathology residents, genetics residents, molecular pathology fellows, internists, hematology/oncology fellows, and medical technologists in preparing for their board examination/certification.

Veterinary Cytology
Veterinary Cytology

Author: Leslie C. Sharkey

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2020-08-04

Total Pages: 1024

ISBN-13: 1119125723

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This book offers a state-of-the-art, evidence-based reference to all aspects of veterinary cytology. Truly multidisciplinary in its approach, chapters are written by experts in fields ranging from clinical pathology to internal medicine, surgery, ophthalmology, and dermatology, drawing the various specialties together to create a comprehensive picture of cytology's role in diagnosis and treatment of animal disease. Firmly grounded in the primary literature, the book focuses on companion animals, with special chapters for species with fewer publications. Chapters are logically organized by body system, with additional chapters on tumors of particular import and diagnostic decision making. The first two sections of Veterinary Cytology focus on cytology techniques, quality control, and special laboratory techniques. Subsequent sections are organ/tissue-based and reflect what is known about the canine, feline, and equine species. This is followed by chapters on non-traditional species, including exotic companion mammals, rabbits, cattle, camelids, non-human primates, reptiles and birds, amphibians, fish, invertebrates, and sheep and goats. The last section highlights some unique features of the applications of cytology in industry settings. Provides a gold-standard reference to data-driven information about cytologic analysis in companion animal species Brings together authors from a wide range of specialties to present a thorough survey of cytology's use in veterinary medicine Offers broader species coverage and greater depth than any cytology reference currently available Veterinary Cytology is an essential resource for clinical and anatomic pathologists and any specialist in areas using cytology, including veterinary oncologists, criticalists, surgeons, ophthalmologists, dermatologists, and internists.

Genetics and Evolution of Infectious Diseases
Genetics and Evolution of Infectious Diseases

Author: Michel Tibayrenc

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2024-07-19

Total Pages: 1002

ISBN-13: 0443288194

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Genetics and Evolution of Infectious Diseases, Third Edition discusses the evolving field of infectious diseases and their continued impact on the health of populations, especially in resource-limited areas of the world where they must confront the dual burden of death and disability due to infectious and chronic illnesses. Although substantial gains have been made in public health interventions for the treatment, prevention, and control of infectious diseases, in recent decades the world has witnessed the emergence of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the COVID-19 pandemic, increasing antimicrobial resistance, and the emergence of many new bacterial, fungal, parasitic, and viral pathogens. Fully updated and revised, this new edition presents the consequences of such diseases, the evolution of infectious diseases, the genetics of host-pathogen relationship, and the control and prevention strategies that are, or can be, developed. This book offers valuable information to biomedical researchers, clinicians, public health practitioners, decisions-makers, and students and postgraduates studying infectious diseases, microbiology, medicine, and public health that is relevant to the control and prevention of neglected and emerging worldwide diseases. - Takes an integrated approach to infectious diseases - Provides the latest developments in the field of infectious diseases - Focuses on the contribution of evolutionary and genomic studies for the study and control of transmissible diseases - Includes updated and revised contributions from leading authorities, along with six new chapters

Essentials of Stem Cell Biology
Essentials of Stem Cell Biology

Author: Robert Lanza

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2009-06-05

Total Pages: 681

ISBN-13: 0080884970

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First developed as an accessible abridgement of the successful Handbook of Stem Cells, Essentials of Stem Cell Biology serves the needs of the evolving population of scientists, researchers, practitioners and students that are embracing the latest advances in stem cells. Representing the combined effort of seven editors and more than 200 scholars and scientists whose pioneering work has defined our understanding of stem cells, this book combines the prerequisites for a general understanding of adult and embryonic stem cells with a presentation by the world's experts of the latest research information about specific organ systems. From basic biology/mechanisms, early development, ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm, methods to application of stem cells to specific human diseases, regulation and ethics, and patient perspectives, no topic in the field of stem cells is left uncovered. - Selected for inclusion in Doody's Core Titles 2013, an essential collection development tool for health sciences libraries - Contributions by Nobel Laureates and leading international investigators - Includes two entirely new chapters devoted exclusively to induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells written by the scientists who made the breakthrough - Edited by a world-renowned author and researcher to present a complete story of stem cells in research, in application, and as the subject of political debate - Presented in full color with glossary, highlighted terms, and bibliographic entries replacing references

Clonality
Clonality

Author: John Avise

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2008-10-23

Total Pages: 256

ISBN-13: 0190451491

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Approximately 99.9% of vertebrate species reproduce sexually. The exceptional 0.1% reproduce via asexual or clonal means, which vary wildly and are fascinating in their own right. In this book, John C. Avise describes the genetics, ecology, natural history, and evolution of the world's approximately 100 species of vertebrate animal that routinely display one form or another of clonal or quasi-clonal reproduction. By considering the many facets of sexual abstinence and clonal reproduction in vertebrate animals, Avise sheds new light on the biological meaning and ramifications of standard sexuality.

Vegetation Ecology
Vegetation Ecology

Author: Eddy van der Maarel

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2012-10-24

Total Pages: 552

ISBN-13: 1118452488

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Additional resources for this book can be found at: www.wiley.com/go/vandermaarelfranklin/vegetationecology. Vegetation Ecology, 2nd Edition is a comprehensive, integrated account of plant communities and their environments. Written by leading experts in their field from four continents, the second edition of this book: covers the composition, structure, ecology, dynamics, diversity, biotic interactions and distribution of plant communities, with an emphasis on functional adaptations; reviews modern developments in vegetation ecology in a historical perspective; presents a coherent view on vegetation ecology while integrating population ecology, dispersal biology, soil biology, ecosystem ecology and global change studies; tackles applied aspects of vegetation ecology, including management of communities and invasive species; includes new chapters addressing the classification and mapping of vegetation, and the significance of plant functional types Vegetation Ecology, 2nd Edition is aimed at advanced undergraduates, graduates and researchers and teachers in plant ecology, geography, forestry and nature conservation. Vegetation Ecology takes an integrated, multidisciplinary approach and will be welcomed as an essential reference for plant ecologists the world over.

Essential Concepts in Molecular Pathology
Essential Concepts in Molecular Pathology

Author: William B. Coleman

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2019-11-23

Total Pages: 636

ISBN-13: 0128132582

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Essential Concepts in Molecular Pathology, Second Edition, offers an introduction to molecular genetics and the "molecular" aspects of human disease. The book illustrates how pathologists harness their understanding of these entities to develop new diagnostics and treatments for various human diseases. This new edition offers pathology, genetics residents, and molecular pathology fellows an advanced understanding of the molecular mechanisms of disease that goes beyond what they learned in medical and graduate school. By bridging molecular concepts of pathogenesis to the clinical expression of disease in cell, tissue and organ, this fully updated, introductory reference provides the background necessary for an understanding of today's advances in pathology and medicine. - Explains the practice of "molecular medicine" and the translational aspects of molecular pathology, including molecular diagnostics, molecular assessment and personalized medicine - Orients non-pathologists on what pathologists look for and how they interpret their observational findings based on histopathology - Provides the reader with what is missing from most targeted introductions to pathology—the cell biology behind pathophysiology

Minimal Residual Disease in Hematologic Malignancies
Minimal Residual Disease in Hematologic Malignancies

Author: Raanani P Ed

Publisher: S. Karger AG (Switzerland)

Published: 2004

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9783805577731

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Detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) is increasingly used in the management of leukemia patients. A wide variety of methods have been developed and include technologies designed to detect residual malignant cells beyond the sensitivity of conventional approaches such as morphology and banding cytogenetics in leukemia. The choice of the best method depends on the biology of the individual malignancy, i.e. on the determination of specific markers which are useful to differentiate between leukemic cells and normal hematopoiesis in leukemic patients. These markers include leukocyte differentiation antigens, fusion transcripts, transcripts overexpressed by mutated or nonmutated genes, rearranged genes, and individual markers like polymorphic repetitive DNA sequences. The major technologies for MRD detection, their advantages and disadvantages and their clinical applications are discussed in this special issue - from 'bench to bedside'. Providing a comprehensive overview on the significance of MRD in the evaluation, treatment and follow-up of hematologic malignancies, it will be of great value to hematologists, researchers interested in leukemias and lymphomas as well as laboratory technicians.