The Last Crusade in the West

The Last Crusade in the West

Author: Joseph F. O'Callaghan

Publisher: University of Pennsylvania Press

Published: 2014-03-10

Total Pages: 380

ISBN-13: 0812209354

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By the middle of the fourteenth century, Christian control of the Iberian Peninsula extended to the borders of the emirate of Granada, whose Muslim rulers acknowledged Castilian suzerainty. No longer threatened by Moroccan incursions, the kings of Castile were diverted from completing the Reconquest by civil war and conflicts with neighboring Christian kings. Mindful, however, of their traditional goal of recovering lands formerly ruled by the Visigoths, whose heirs they claimed to be, the Castilian monarchs continued intermittently to assault Granada until the late fifteenth century. Matters changed thereafter, when Fernando and Isabel launched a decade-long effort to subjugate Granada. Utilizing artillery and expending vast sums of money, they methodically conquered each Naṣrid stronghold until the capitulation of the city of Granada itself in 1492. Effective military and naval organization and access to a diversity of financial resources, joined with papal crusading benefits, facilitated the final conquest. Throughout, the Naṣrids had emphasized the urgency of a jihād waged against the Christian infidels, while the Castilians affirmed that the expulsion of the "enemies of our Catholic faith" was a necessary, just, and holy cause. The fundamentally religious character of this last stage of conflict cannot be doubted, Joseph F. O'Callaghan argues.


THE COLLECTED HISTORICAL WORKS OF WASHINGTON IRVING (Illustrated Edition)

THE COLLECTED HISTORICAL WORKS OF WASHINGTON IRVING (Illustrated Edition)

Author: Washington Irving

Publisher: e-artnow

Published: 2017-08-07

Total Pages: 3461

ISBN-13: 8027202736

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Musaicum Books presents to you this carefully created volume of "THE COLLECTED HISTORICAL WORKS OF WASHINGTON IRVING (Illustrated Edition)” This ebook has been designed and formatted to the highest digital standards and adjusted for readability on all devices. Table of Contents INTRODUCTION SPEECH: NEW YORK, FEBRUARY 18, 1842 by Charles Dickens BIOGRAPHY OF WASHINGTON IRVING by Charles Dudley Warne A TOUR ON THE PRAIRIES THE ADVENTURES OF CAPTAIN BONNEVILLE ASTORIA CHRONICLE OF THE CONQUEST OF GRANADA LIFE OF OLIVER GOLDSMITH LIFE OF GEORGE WASHINGTON THE STUDENT'S LIFE OF WASHINGTON Washington Irving (1783-1859) was an American author, essayist, biographer, historian, and diplomat.


Medieval Iberia

Medieval Iberia

Author: Olivia Remie Constable

Publisher: University of Pennsylvania Press

Published: 2012

Total Pages: 640

ISBN-13: 0812221680

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For some historians, medieval Iberian society was one marked by peaceful coexistence and cross-cultural fertilization; others have sketched a harsher picture of Muslims and Christians engaged in an ongoing contest for political, religious, and economic advantage culminating in the fall of Muslim Granada and the expulsion of the Jews in the late fifteenth century. The reality that emerges in Medieval Iberia is more nuanced than either of these scenarios can comprehend. Now in an expanded, second edition, this monumental collection offers unparalleled access to the multicultural complexity of the lands that would become modern Portugal and Spain. The documents collected in Medieval Iberia date mostly from the eighth through the fifteenth centuries and have been translated from Latin, Arabic, Hebrew, Judeo-Arabic, Castilian, Catalan, and Portuguese by many of the most eminent scholars in the field of Iberian studies. Nearly one quarter of this edition is new, including visual materials and increased coverage of Jewish and Muslim affairs, as well as more sources pertaining to women, social and economic history, and domestic life. This primary source material ranges widely across historical chronicles, poetry, and legal and religious sources, and each is accompanied by a brief introduction placing the text in its historical and cultural setting. Arranged chronologically, the documents are also keyed so as to be accessible to readers interested in specific topics such as urban life, the politics of the royal courts, interfaith relations, or women, marriage, and the family.


The Lead Books of Granada

The Lead Books of Granada

Author: E. Drayson

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-01-13

Total Pages: 450

ISBN-13: 1137358858

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Hailed as early Christian texts as important as the Dead Sea Scrolls, yet condemned by the Vatican as Islamic heresies, the Lead books of Granada, written on discs of lead and unearthed on a Granadan hillside, weave a mysterious tale of duplicity and daring set in the religious crucible of sixteenth-century Spain. This book evaluates the cultural status and importance of these polyvalent, ambiguous artefacts which embody many of the dualities and paradoxes inherent in the racial and religious dilemmas of Early Modern Spain. Using the words of key individuals, and set against the background of conflict between Spanish Christians and Moriscos in the late fifteen-hundreds, The Lead Books of Granada tells a story of resilient resistance and creative ingenuity in the face of impossibly powerful negative forces, a resistance embodied by a small group of courageous, idealistic men who lived a double life in Granada just before the expulsion of the Moriscos.


The Novel: An Alternative History, 1600-1800

The Novel: An Alternative History, 1600-1800

Author: Steven Moore

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA

Published: 2013-08-29

Total Pages: 548

ISBN-13: 1623567408

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Winner of the Christian Gauss Award for excellence in literary scholarship from the Phi Beta Kappa Society Having excavated the world's earliest novels in his previous book, literary historian Steven Moore explores in this sequel the remarkable flowering of the novel between the years 1600 and 1800-from Don Quixote to America's first big novel, an homage to Cervantes entitled Modern Chivalry. This is the period of such classic novels as Tom Jones, Candide, and Dangerous Liaisons, but beyond the dozen or so recognized classics there are hundreds of other interesting novels that appeared then, known only to specialists: Spanish picaresques, French heroic romances, massive Chinese novels, Japanese graphic novels, eccentric English novels, and the earliest American novels. These minor novels are not only interesting in their own right, but also provide the context needed to appreciate why the major novels were major breakthroughs. The novel experienced an explosive growth spurt during these centuries as novelists experimented with different forms and genres: epistolary novels, romances, Gothic thrillers, novels in verse, parodies, science fiction, episodic road trips, and family sagas, along with quirky, unclassifiable experiments in fiction that resemble contemporary, avant-garde works. As in his previous volume, Moore privileges the innovators and outriders, those who kept the novel novel. In the most comprehensive history of this period ever written, Moore examines over 400 novels from around the world in a lively style that is as entertaining as it is informative. Though written for a general audience, The Novel, An Alternative History also provides the scholarly apparatus required by the serious student of the period. This sequel, like its predecessor, is a “zestfully encyclopedic, avidly opinionated, and dazzlingly fresh history of the most 'elastic' of literary forms” (Booklist).


The Spectator

The Spectator

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 1850

Total Pages: 1102

ISBN-13:

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