Chemical Instabilities
Chemical Instabilities

Author: G. Nicolis

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 428

ISBN-13: 9400972547

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On March 14-18, 1983 a workshop on "Chemical Instabilities: Applications in Chemistry, Engineering, Geology, and Materials Science" was held in Austin, Texas, U.S.A. It was organized jointly by the University of Texas at Austin and the Universite Libre de Bruxelles and sponsored qy NATO, NSF, the University of Texas at Austin, the International Solvay Institutes and the Ex xon Corporation. The present Volume includes most of the material of the in vited lectures delivered in the workshop as well as material from some posters, whose content was directly related to the themes of the invited lectures. In ,recent years, problems related to the stability and the nonlinear dynamics of nonequilibrium systems invaded a great num ber of fields ranging from abstract mathematics to biology. One of the most striking aspects of this development is that subjects reputed to be "classical" and "well-established" like chemistry, turned out to give rise to a rich variety of phenomena leading to multiple steady states and hysteresis, oscillatory behavior in time, spatial patterns, or propagating wave fronts. The primary objective of the workshop was to bring together researchers actively engaged in fields in which instabilities and nonlinear phenomena similar to those observed in chemistry are of current and primary concern : chemical engineering (especially surface catalysis), combustion (dynamics of ignition, flame sta bili t;y), interfaces (emulsification, dendritic growth), geology (regularly repeated patterns of mineralization 1n a variety of spabe scales), and materials science (dynamical solidification, behavior of matter under irradiation).

New Trends in Nonlinear Dynamics and Pattern-Forming Phenomena
New Trends in Nonlinear Dynamics and Pattern-Forming Phenomena

Author: Pierre Coullet

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 341

ISBN-13: 1468474790

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The basic aim of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on "New Trends in Nonlinear Dynamics and Pattern-Forming Phenomena: The Geometry of Nonequilibrium" was to bring together researchers from various areas of physics to review and explore new ideas regarding the organisation of systems driven far from equilibrium. Such systems are characterized by a close relationship between broken spatial and tempo ral symmetries. The main topics of interest included pattern formation in chemical systems, materials and convection, traveling waves in binary fluids and liquid crystals, defects and their role in the disorganisa tion of structures, spatio-temporal intermittency, instabilities and large-scale vortices in open flows, the mathematics of non-equilibrium systems, turbulence, and last but not least growth phenomena. Written contributions from participants have been grouped into chapters addressing these different areas. For additional clarity, the first chapter on pattern formation has been subdivided into sections. One of the main concerns was to focus on the unifying features between these diverse topics. The various scientific communities repre sented were encouraged to discuss and compare their approach so as to mutually benefit their respective fields. We hope that, to a large degree, these goals have been met and we thank all the participants for their efforts. The workshop was held in Cargese (Corsica, France) at the Institut d'Etudes Scientifiques from August 2nd to August 12th, 1988. We greatly thank Yves Pomeau and Daniel Walgraef who, as members of the organising committee, gave us valuable advice and encouragements.

Non-Equilibrium Dynamics in Chemical Systems
Non-Equilibrium Dynamics in Chemical Systems

Author: C. Vidal

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 260

ISBN-13: 3642701965

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Markedly apart from elementary particle physics, another current has been building up and cont i nuous ly growi ng within contemporary phys i cs for severa 1 decades, and even expanding into many other disciplines, especially chemistry, biology and, quite recently, economics. Several reasons account for this: presumably the most impor tant one lies in the fact that, whatever the specific problem, model or material concerned, the same basic mathematical features are always involved. In this way, a general phenomenology has emerged which, unlike thermodynamics, is no longer depen dent upon the details or specifics: what largely prevails is the nonlinear charac ter of the underlying dynamics. Perhaps we are witnessing the emergence of a "non linear physics"--In a way similar to the birth of "quantum physics" in the twen ties - a physics which deals with the general behaviour of systems, whatever they are or may be. Over the past fifteen years, chemical systems evolving sufficiently far from equilibrium have proved to be particularly well fitted to experimental research on nonlinear behaviour: oscillation, multistability, birhythmicity, chaotic evolution, spatial self-organization and hysteresis are displayed by chemical reactions whose number is growing each year. In this volume are collected the lectures, communica tions and posters (abstracts) presented at an international meeting entitled: "Non-Equilibrium Dynamics in Chemical Systems", held in Bordeaux (France), Septem ber 3 rd-lth, 1984.

Bimodal Oxidation
Bimodal Oxidation

Author: Robert Bakhtchadjian

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2019-11-15

Total Pages: 302

ISBN-13: 1000084841

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This book is devoted to the problems of oxidation chemical reactions and addresses bimodal reaction sequences. Chemical reactions of oxidation, occurring under certain conditions and in multicomponent systems are complex processes. The process of the oxidation essentially changes in the presence and contact of the solid substances with reactants. The role of solid substances and the appearance of this phenomenon in oxidation reaction are discussed. The reader will understand the "driving forces" of this phenomenon and apply it in practice. Written for chemists, physicists, biologists and engineers working in the domain of oxidation reactions. Key Selling Features: Covers the historical background, modern state of the art, and perspectives in investigations of the coupling between heterogeneous and homogeneous reactions Discusses the feasible pathways of the coupling of heterogeneous and homogeneous reactions in oxidation in man-made and natural chemical systems Addresses the abundance, peculiarities and mechanisms of the bimodal reaction sequences in oxidation with dioxygen in recent decades Discusses the existence of the bimodal reaction sequences in chemical systems investigations in atmospheric chemistry and heterogeneous photocatalysis Presented in a simple concise style, accessible for both specialists and non-specialists

Fluid Sciences and Materials Science in Space
Fluid Sciences and Materials Science in Space

Author: H.U. Walter

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 754

ISBN-13: 3642466133

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The peaceful use of space flight systems for research and technological devel opments in the context of promoting European and international cooperation represents the essential motivation for the programmes of the European Space Agency (ESA). One of ESA's programmes is dedicated to microgravity research, which is now an established discipline in Europe, with a dedicated group of scientists participating. The Challenger disaster has resulted in a serious dis continuity of flight opportunities in the next few years but the forthcoming International Space Station, new launchers and reentry vehicles are expected to provide ample opportunities for microgravity research in the long term. Meanwhile parabolic aircraft flights, sounding rockets as well as the delayed Shuttle-dependent missions, Spacelab D-2, the IML-missions and EURECA I, will be employed to keep microgravity experimenters reasonably busy in the interim period. To prepare the ground for these activities, both regarding research and experiment facilities, an in-depth analysis of the state of the art is an essential requirement at this time. Such an analysis is presented in this volume. It ad dresses all of the topics that have been identified to be of relevance. Besides a presentation of the fundamental aspects justifying microgravity research, the results of experiments already performed are reviewed and recommendations for future activities are made. Close to fifty European scientists have cooper ated in the preparation of this volume and their dedicated and concerted effort is greatly appreciated.

Temporal Order
Temporal Order

Author: L. Rensing

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 336

ISBN-13: 3642703321

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This volume contains the lectures and contributions presented at the International Symposium on Temporal Order held in Bremen, September 17-22, 1984. Temporal order, such as a more or less regularly repeated temporal sequence of events, can evol ve in open systems far removed from equi 1 i bri um. Progress duri ng the last decade in the analysis and the modelling of this complex phenomenon in both biological and chemical systems gave rise to the idea of a joint conference. The purpose of the symposium was to stimulate future work by enhancing the exchange of experimental and theoretical results between neighbouring disciplines. Theoretical work in general, and mathematical models in particular, provided the basis for a mutual discussion and, thus, helped to overcome difficulties in under standing the results of different experimental fields. Chemical systems, for examp le, are more rigorously controllable through their experimental conditions in com parison to biological systems, which maintain highly effective autonomous control against environmental influences. Therefore, different states such as bistability, oscillations and chaos can be defined and, hence, described better in chemical sy stems. Chemical systems may thus provide some insights into functional structures that also exist in more complex biological systems.

Sand Injectites
Sand Injectites

Author: A. Hurst

Publisher: AAPG

Published: 2007

Total Pages: 697

ISBN-13: 0891813683

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Accompanying CD-ROM contains color illustrations.--cf. page 4 of cover.