Composition and Properties of Drilling and Completion Fluids
Composition and Properties of Drilling and Completion Fluids

Author: Ryen Caenn

Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing

Published: 2011-09-29

Total Pages: 721

ISBN-13: 0123838592

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The petroleum industry in general has been dominated by engineers and production specialists. The upstream segment of the industry is dominated by drilling/completion engineers. Usually, neither of those disciplines have a great deal of training in the chemistry aspects of drilling and completing a well prior to its going on production. The chemistry of drilling fluids and completion fluids have a profound effect on the success of a well. For example, historically the drilling fluid costs to drill a well have averaged around 7% of the overall cost of the well, before completion. The successful delivery of up to 100% of that wellbore, in many cases may be attributable to the fluid used. Considered the "bible" of the industry, Composition and Properties of Drilling and Completion Fluids, first written by Walter Rogers in 1948, and updated on a regular basis thereafter, is a key tool to achieving successful delivery of the wellbore. In its Sixth Edition, Composition and Properties of Drilling and Completion Fluids has been updated and revised to incorporate new information on technology, economic, and political issues that have impacted the use of fluids to drill and complete oil and gas wells. With updated content on Completion Fluids and Reservoir Drilling Fluids, Health, Safety & Environment, Drilling Fluid Systems and Products, new fluid systems and additives from both chemical and engineering perspectives, Wellbore Stability, adding the new R&D on water-based muds, and with increased content on Equipment and Procedures for Evaluating Drilling Fluid Performance in light of the advent of digital technology and better manufacturing techniques, Composition and Properties of Drilling and Completion Fluids has been thoroughly updated to meet the drilling and completion engineer's needs. Explains a myriad of new products and fluid systems Cover the newest API/SI standards New R&D on water-based muds New emphases on Health, Safety & Environment New Chapter on waste management and disposal

Rheological Characterization of Complex Drilling Fluid and the Effects on Drilling Hydraulics
Rheological Characterization of Complex Drilling Fluid and the Effects on Drilling Hydraulics

Author: Shiraz Gulraiz

Publisher:

Published: 2021

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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Pressure management and hole cleaning are fundamental aspects of a successful drilling operation. Despite a plethora of research articles, contradictory results continue to be reported in the literature. The variables involved have been extensively researched but rheology continues to suffer from severe oversimplifications. Few studies go beyond the canonical time-independent characterization and even fewer consider the addition of drill cuttings and thermal effects. The composition of drilling fluids makes them a typical case of complex fluids such that the rheology is dependent on shear rate and flow history. Complex fluids exhibit several peculiar rheological features that are augmented in a drilling environment. The present work investigates the interplay between complex rheology and drilling hydraulics; the latter here refers to bottomhole pressure and cuttings transport. In this work, rheological algorithms are developed to characterize complex rheology. The multiphase mixture of fluid and cuttings is modeled as thixotropic viscoplastic (TVP) suspension. It is observed that high yield stress and flow rate do not guarantee efficient hole cleaning. In most cases, high yield stress deteriorates cuttings transport. A large stress overshoot improves cuttings transport, though the distinction between the static and dynamic yield stresses diminishes as particle concentration increases. Since viscosity lags shear rate changes in thixotropic flows, pressure fluctuates and swirling viscosity profiles are generated, giving rise to localized turbulence and Taylor vortices even at low velocities. Moreover, cuttings transport varies as a power-law function of particle shape, size, and flow rate. Under a geothermal gradient, high-temperature regions develop near the inner pipe as fluid moves upwards. Temperature has a diverse effect on rheology and temperature-viscosity profiles are often non-monotonic. For such fluids, the pressure profile is highly non-linear as most of the frictional losses occur near the bottomhole. Fluids with non-monotonic temperature-viscosity profiles yield better cuttings transport but at the cost of higher pressure. Modeling the time-dependent rheology of drilling fluids while studying drilling hydraulics helps in addressing several contradictions found in the literature. It is recommended that the experimental and computational efforts focused on drilling hydraulics should characterize complex rheology for a better understanding of drilling hydraulics

Drilling Fluids Processing Handbook
Drilling Fluids Processing Handbook

Author: ASME Shale Shaker ASME Shale Shaker Committee

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2011-03-15

Total Pages: 693

ISBN-13: 0080477410

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Written by the Shale Shaker Committee of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, originally of the American Association of Drilling Engineers, the authors of this book are some of the most well-respected names in the world for drilling. The first edition, Shale Shakers and Drilling Fluid Systems, was only on shale shakers, a very important piece of machinery on a drilling rig that removes drill cuttings. The original book has been much expanded to include many other aspects of drilling solids control, including chapters on drilling fluids, cut-point curves, mud cleaners, and many other pieces of equipment that were not covered in the original book. Written by a team of more than 20 of the world's foremost drilling experts, from such companies as Shell, Conoco, Amoco, and BP There has never been a book that pulls together such a vast array of materials and depth of topic coverage in the area of drilling fluids Covers quickly changing technology that updates the drilling engineer on all of the latest equipment, fluids, and techniques

Oilfield Chemistry
Oilfield Chemistry

Author: Caili Dai

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2019-01-18

Total Pages: 395

ISBN-13: 9811329508

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This book provides comprehensive information on the youngest member of the petroleum sciences family: Oilfield Chemistry, proposes the chemical agents for addressing current problems, and explains the functions, mechanisms and synergistic effects of various chemical agents

Automated Characterization of Drilling Fluid Properties
Automated Characterization of Drilling Fluid Properties

Author: Gregory John Sullivan

Publisher:

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 212

ISBN-13:

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Accurate measurement of drilling fluid properties is essential in order to optimize wellbore construction, and in particular to properly manage hydraulics. It becomes even more crucial during deepwater drilling when a narrow mud window is present which may require the use of more advanced drilling technologies such as Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) and Dual Gradient Drilling (DGD). Operating these technologies properly requires the use of sophisticated hydraulic models that require accurate rheological information as input. However, a full mud check with determination of all relevant rheological parameters is usually only carried out once per day, and augmented with one or two partial checks in the 24-hour period. Such intermittent and unreliable measurements are unfortunately not sufficient to provide the required inputs for ‘real-time' hydraulic modeling and control. A more practical approach for a continuous, automated monitoring of the drilling fluid properties is therefore called for. The method used here is based on the pipe viscometer approach rather than the traditional rotational viscometer method. In addition to the fluid rheology, important inputs for hydraulic models, such as mud density, transition to turbulent flow (critical Reynolds number), and real-time friction factor for non-Newtonian drilling and completion fluids are also obtained using the pipe viscometer. A prototype of this equipment was constructed, tested, and fully automated at The University of Texas at Austin. The flow loop was tested with several weighted and unweighted mud systems. During the measurement process, the driving pump was ramped up and held intermittently at various flow rates to measure the laminar frictional pressure loss in the pipe section. The data thus obtained was analyzed by software that generated a flow curve and from it derived relevant mud rheological parameters using a suitable rheological model. It also proved possible to extend the test to the turbulent flow regime and obtain the ‘true' friction factor in real-time for each particular fluid, rather than relying on a limited number of correlations that quite often exhibit inaccurate results, particularly for the Yield Power Law (YPL) fluids. Several successful tests with different mud systems indicate the reliability and robustness of the proposed technique.

Petroleum Engineer's Guide to Oil Field Chemicals and Fluids
Petroleum Engineer's Guide to Oil Field Chemicals and Fluids

Author: Johannes Fink

Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing

Published: 2011-05-13

Total Pages: 809

ISBN-13: 0123838452

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Petroleum Engineer's Guide to Oil Field Chemicals and Fluids is a comprehensive manual that provides end users with information about oil field chemicals, such as drilling muds, corrosion and scale inhibitors, gelling agents and bacterial control. This book is an extension and update of Oil Field Chemicals published in 2003, and it presents a compilation of materials from literature and patents, arranged according to applications and the way a typical job is practiced. The text is composed of 23 chapters that cover oil field chemicals arranged according to their use. Each chapter follows a uniform template, starting with a brief overview of the chemical followed by reviews, monomers, polymerization, and fabrication. The different aspects of application, including safety and environmental impacts, for each chemical are also discussed throughout the chapters. The text also includes handy indices for trade names, acronyms and chemicals. Petroleum, production, drilling, completion, and operations engineers and managers will find this book invaluable for project management and production. Non-experts and students in petroleum engineering will also find this reference useful. Chemicals are ordered by use including drilling muds, corrosion inhibitors, and bacteria control Includes cutting edge chemicals and polymers such as water soluble polymers and viscosity control Handy index of chemical substances as well as a general chemical index