Clean Coastal Waters
Clean Coastal Waters

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2000-08-17

Total Pages: 422

ISBN-13: 0309069483

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Environmental problems in coastal ecosystems can sometimes be attributed to excess nutrients flowing from upstream watersheds into estuarine settings. This nutrient over-enrichment can result in toxic algal blooms, shellfish poisoning, coral reef destruction, and other harmful outcomes. All U.S. coasts show signs of nutrient over-enrichment, and scientists predict worsening problems in the years ahead. Clean Coastal Waters explains technical aspects of nutrient over-enrichment and proposes both immediate local action by coastal managers and a longer-term national strategy incorporating policy design, classification of affected sites, law and regulation, coordination, and communication. Highlighting the Gulf of Mexico's "Dead Zone," the Pfiesteria outbreak in a tributary of Chesapeake Bay, and other cases, the book explains how nutrients work in the environment, why nitrogen is important, how enrichment turns into over-enrichment, and why some environments are especially susceptible. Economic as well as ecological impacts are examined. In addressing abatement strategies, the committee discusses the importance of monitoring sites, developing useful models of over-enrichment, and setting water quality goals. The book also reviews voluntary programs, mandatory controls, tax incentives, and other policy options for reducing the flow of nutrients from agricultural operations and other sources.

Wetland Carbon and Environmental Management
Wetland Carbon and Environmental Management

Author: Ken W. Krauss

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2021-11-23

Total Pages: 484

ISBN-13: 111963928X

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Explores how the management of wetlands can influence carbon storage and fluxes. Wetlands are vital natural assets, including their ability to take-up atmospheric carbon and restrict subsequent carbon loss to facilitate long-term storage. They can be deliberately managed to provide a natural solution to mitigate climate change, as well as to help offset direct losses of wetlands from various land-use changes and natural drivers. Wetland Carbon and Environmental Management presents a collection of wetland research studies from around the world to demonstrate how environmental management can improve carbon sequestration while enhancing wetland health and function. Volume highlights include: Overview of carbon storage in the landscape Introduction to wetland management practices Comparisons of natural, managed, and converted wetlands Impact of wetland management on carbon storage or loss Techniques for scientific assessment of wetland carbon processes Case studies covering tropical, coastal, inland, and northern wetlands Primer for carbon offset trading programs and how wetlands might contribute The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity.Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.

Nutrients and Eutrophication in Estuaries and Coastal Waters
Nutrients and Eutrophication in Estuaries and Coastal Waters

Author: Emma Orive

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-11-11

Total Pages: 513

ISBN-13: 9401724644

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This volume focuses on the nutrient and organic matter inputs in estuaries and other coastal ecosystems, their effects on geochemistry and community structure and possibilities for recovery of the systems to a trophic state that is beneficial for man and nature. The book provides many examples of the effects of the enhanced supply of nutrients and organic matter on the chemical features of the water and on the structure, metabolism and trophic pathways of the biological communities. Also included are several case studies providing considerable insight into the response of the different coastal ecosystems to long term changes in the trophic state of the water. Current knowledge on modeling as a tool to manage the trophic state of the coastal ecosystems is also dealt with, making this book one of interests to scientist and students as well as managers.

Marine Science Frontiers for Europe
Marine Science Frontiers for Europe

Author: Frank Lamy

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2003-06-23

Total Pages: 320

ISBN-13: 9783540401681

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Europe is a continent with a high coast-to-surface ratio, and European seas encompass a broad range of settings and regimes. The sustainable development of living and non-living marine resources, the protection of the marine environment and the provision of marine-based services are critical to economic prosperity and to the quality of life of European citizens. Addressing these concerns, marine-science researchers conducted a workshop reviewing major topics of European marine research. This publication contains overview and thematic background papers, as well as reports and recommendations for future research covering topics such as ocean-climate coupling, biogeochemistry, coastal and shelf processes, and ecosystem functioning/biodiversity.

Biogeochemistry of Estuaries
Biogeochemistry of Estuaries

Author: Thomas S. Bianchi

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2007

Total Pages: 721

ISBN-13: 0195160827

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Offering a comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach to the study of biochemical cycling in estuaries, this text utilises numerous illustrations and an extensive literature base in order to impart the current state-of-the-art knowledge in the field.

Contemporary Issues in Estuarine Physics
Contemporary Issues in Estuarine Physics

Author: Arnoldo Valle-Levinson

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2010-01-28

Total Pages: 327

ISBN-13: 1139487698

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Estuaries are of high socioeconomic importance with twenty-two of the thirty-two largest cities in the world located on river estuaries. Estuaries bring together fluxes of fresh and saline water, as well as fluvial and marine sediments, and contain high biological diversity. Increasingly sophisticated field observation technology and numerical modeling have produced significant advances in our understanding of the physical properties of estuaries over the last decade. This book introduces a classification for estuaries before presenting the basic physics and hydrodynamics of estuarine circulation and the various factors that modify it in time and space. It then covers special topics at the forefront of research such as turbulence, fronts in estuaries and continental shelves, low inflow estuaries, and implications of estuarine transport for water quality. Written by leading authorities on estuarine and lagoon hydrodynamics, this volume provides a concise foundation for academic researchers, advanced students and coastal resource managers.

Mixing in Inland and Coastal Waters
Mixing in Inland and Coastal Waters

Author: Hugo B. Fischer

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2013-10-22

Total Pages: 500

ISBN-13: 0080511775

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This book is an outgrowth of research contributions and teaching experiences by all the authors in applying modern fluid mechanics to problems of pollutant transport and mixing in the water environment. It should be suitable for use in first year graduate level courses for engineering and science students, although more material is contained than can reasonably be taught in a one-year course, and most instructors will probably wish to cover only selected potions. The book should also be useful as a reference for practicing hydraulic and environmental engineers, as well as anyone involved in engineering studies for disposal of wastes into the environment. The practicing consulting or design engineer will find a thorough explanation of the fundamental processes, as well as many references to the current technical literature, the student should gain a deep enough understanding of basics to be able to read with understanding the future technical literature evolving in this evolving field.