Centralized Vs Decentralized Air-Conditioning Systems

Centralized Vs Decentralized Air-Conditioning Systems

Author: Anuj Bhatia

Publisher: CreateSpace

Published: 2015-07-18

Total Pages: 50

ISBN-13: 9781508676201

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Commercial air conditioning may be provided by a variety of equipment ranging from low horsepower self-contained systems to the very large built-up central systems of several thousand ton capacity. Customer/user's ultimate objective is to acquire and utilize an air conditioning system that will provide the most appropriate performance on a whole of life basis, in terms of capital, operating, replacement and maintenance costs. It's the architect's/HVAC engineer's responsibility to guide and advise the customers the best option. HVAC systems are of great importance to architectural design efforts for four main reasons. 1. First, the success or failure of thermal comfort efforts is usually directly related to the success or failure of a building's heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems;2. Second, HVAC systems often require substantial floor space and/or building volume for equipment and distribution elements that must be accommodated during the design process; 3. Third, HVAC systems require significant capital investments; 4. Last, but not least, the HVAC system is responsible for large portion of building operating costs. The design and selection of right HVAC system therefore must combine a proper choice of engineered products efficiently providing conditioned air to the space at optimum energy while adding architectural features that shall complement the interior design. This 5 - hr Quick Book course discusses the various issues to be considered and the questions to be raised before an intelligent, well-thought HVAC scheme is finalized. The advantages and disadvantages, which arise as a result of centralized or decentralized air conditioning systems, are evaluated in this course.The course is intended for use primarily to the architects, engineers, contractors, facility managers, O&M personnel and HVAC designers. Learning ObjectiveAt the conclusion of this course, the student will: * Understand the different types of HVAC systems;* Understand the HVAC design challenges on various architectural and functional parameters;* Understand the difference between central and decentralized systems;* Understand the central chilled water system sub-configurations;* Understand various types of decentralized systems (window, split, package, heat pumps and VRF systems);* Understand the pros and cons of the central and compact systems;* Understand how to select the right system for your application.


HVAC - Centralized Vs. Decentralized Air Conditioning Systems

HVAC - Centralized Vs. Decentralized Air Conditioning Systems

Author: A. Bhatia

Publisher: CreateSpace

Published: 2014-11-30

Total Pages: 64

ISBN-13: 9781505284959

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Successful Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems are the key to successful buildings. Because each building is different, it is very important to choose a system that is right for the facility. Proper selection of the HVAC system is a crucial decision for any new project and the decision depends upon a number of factors like how large area needs to be cooled, what is the application, what kind of total heat is generated inside the enclosed area, the developer's preference - initial installation cost, aesthetics, and long term maintenance and life cycle costs etc etc. The HVAC engineer would consider all the related parameters and suggest the system most suitable for your space. Many different HVAC systems are available today but the design and selection of right HVAC system must combine a proper choice of engineered products efficiently providing conditioned air to the space at optimum energy while adding architectural features which complement the interior design. This 5 -hour course discusses the various issues to be considered and the questions to be raised before an intelligent, well-thought HVAC scheme is finalized. The distinction between 'central' and local floor-by-floor 'compact' systems is critical from an architectural perspective and shall serve the primary theme for this course. The course is intended for use primarily to the architects, engineers, contractors, facility managers, O&M personnel and HVAC designers. Learning ObjectiveAt the conclusion of this course, the student will: * Understand the different types of HVAC systems;* Understand the HVAC design challenges on various architectural and functional parameters;* Understand the difference between central and decentralized systems;* Understand the central chilled water system sub-configurations;* Understand various types of decentralized systems (window, split, package, heat pumps and VRF systems);* Understand the pros and cons of the central and compact systems;* Understand how to select the right system for your application.


Air-conditioning System Design Manual

Air-conditioning System Design Manual

Author: Walter T. Grondzik

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2007

Total Pages: 419

ISBN-13: 1933742135

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The Air Conditioning Manual assists entry-level engineers in the design of air-conditioning systems. It is also usable - in conjunction with fundamental HVAC&R resource material - as a senior- or graduate-level text for a university course in HVAC system design. The manual was written to fill the void between theory and practice - to bridge the gap between real-world design practices and the theoretical calculations and analytical procedures or on the design of components. This second edition represents an update and revision of the manual. It now features the use of SI units throughout, updated references and the editing of many illustrations. * Helps engineers quickly come up with a design solution to a required air conditioning system. * Includes issues from comfort to cooling load calculations. * New sections on "Green HVAC" systems deal with hot topic of sustainable buildings.


Decentralized and Centralized Optimal Control of HVAC Systems

Decentralized and Centralized Optimal Control of HVAC Systems

Author: Ryan S. Montrose

Publisher:

Published: 2021

Total Pages: 88

ISBN-13:

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"Utility service providers are often challenged with the synchronization of thermostatically controlled loads. Load synchronization, resulting from naturally occurring or demand response events, can damage power distribution equipment and reduce the grid's efficiency. Because thermostatically controlled loads constitute most of the power consumed by the grid at any given time, the proper control of such devices can lead to significant energy savings and improved grid stability. The contribution of this thesis is developing optimal control algorithms for both single-stage and variable-speed heat pump HVAC systems. Our control architecture allows for regulating home temperatures through selective peer-to-peer communication while simultaneously minimizing aggregate power consumption and aggregate load volatility. For comparison purposes, various low-level and centralized optimal controllers are explored and compared against their decentralized counterparts."--Boise State University ScholarWorks.


Commercial Air Conditioning: Design and Implementation

Commercial Air Conditioning: Design and Implementation

Author: Charles Nehme

Publisher: Charles Nehme

Published:

Total Pages: 122

ISBN-13:

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The field of commercial air conditioning has undergone significant evolution over the past few decades, transforming from basic cooling systems to sophisticated climate control solutions that enhance comfort, efficiency, and sustainability. The design and implementation of commercial air conditioning systems is a multidisciplinary endeavor that intersects with architecture, engineering, environmental science, and even digital technology. In today's world, commercial air conditioning is not merely about maintaining a comfortable indoor temperature. It encompasses a broad spectrum of considerations, including energy efficiency, indoor air quality, environmental impact, and integration with smart building systems. This book aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the principles and practices involved in designing and implementing effective commercial air conditioning systems. The journey of this book begins with a historical perspective, tracing the development of air conditioning technology from its inception to modern advancements. This historical context sets the stage for understanding the contemporary challenges and innovations in the field. Subsequent chapters delve into the core principles of air conditioning, including thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and heat transfer. These foundational concepts are crucial for grasping how air conditioning systems operate and how they can be optimized for different types of commercial buildings, from office spaces to industrial facilities. Design considerations form a significant portion of the discussion, highlighting the importance of system sizing, load calculations, and selection of appropriate components such as compressors, condensers, and evaporators. Attention is also given to the architectural integration of air conditioning systems, ensuring that they complement building aesthetics and functionality. Implementation strategies are explored in detail, with a focus on installation practices, commissioning, and maintenance. Real-world case studies illustrate the practical challenges and solutions encountered in various commercial settings, providing valuable insights for both novice and experienced practitioners. Sustainability is a recurring theme throughout the book, reflecting the growing emphasis on reducing energy consumption and minimizing environmental impact. Topics such as energy-efficient technologies, renewable energy integration, and compliance with green building standards are thoroughly examined. The book also addresses the role of advanced technologies in modern air conditioning systems. The integration of digital controls, building automation systems, and the Internet of Things (IoT) is transforming how air conditioning systems are monitored and managed, offering new opportunities for efficiency and convenience. In preparing this book, we have drawn on the expertise of industry professionals, academic researchers, and technical standards to provide a well-rounded and authoritative resource. Whether you are an engineer, architect, facility manager, or student, this book aims to equip you with the knowledge and tools needed to design and implement air conditioning systems that meet the demands of today's commercial environments. We hope this book serves as a valuable guide and reference, fostering a deeper understanding of commercial air conditioning and inspiring innovative solutions for the future.


Negotiation in Decentralization

Negotiation in Decentralization

Author: Ming Yang

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-05-01

Total Pages: 255

ISBN-13: 1447140575

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The Chinese government set a target to reduce China’s carbon intensity by 40%-45% in 2020 at its 2005 level. To achieve this target, the government has allocated targets to provinces, cities, and large enterprises, and selected five pilot provinces and eight cities for CO2 emission trading. Such emission trading process will involve decentralization, optimization, and negotiation. The prime objective of this book is to perform academic research on simulating the negotiation process. Through this research, a methodological framework and its implementation are set up to analyze, model and facilitate the process of negotiation among central government and individual energy producers under environmental, economical and social constraints. Negotiation In Decentralization: Case Study Of China's Carbon Trading In The Power Sector discusses research carried out on negotiation issues in China regarding Chinese power sector reform over the past 30 years. Results show that conflicts exist between power groups and the national government, and that the most current negotiation topics in China's power industry are demand and supply management, capital investment, energy prices, and CO2 emission mitigations. Negotiation In Decentralization: Case Study Of China's Carbon Trading In The Power Sector is written for government policy makers, energy and environment industry investors, energy program and project managers, environment conservation specialists, university professors, researchers, and graduate students. It aims to provide a methodology and a tool that can resolve difficult negotiation issues and change a loss-loss situation to a win-win situation for key players in a decentralized system, including government policymakers, energy producers, and environment conservationists.


Author:

Publisher: IOS Press

Published:

Total Pages: 10439

ISBN-13:

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Introduction to Architectural Science

Introduction to Architectural Science

Author: Steven V Szokolay

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2008-06-20

Total Pages: 351

ISBN-13: 1136393315

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Introducing the basics of architectural science, this book is an ideal reference, providing an understanding of the physical basis of architectural design. The knowledge gained from this book equips the reader with the tools to realize the full potential of the good intentions of sustainable, bioclimatic design. All sections have been revised and updated for this second edition including more information on small scale energy generation methods and techniques. The book has also been reformatted to be even more accessible, with a larger page size and colour printing.