Contraceptive Research and Development

Contraceptive Research and Development

Author: Institute of Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 1996-11-04

Total Pages: 534

ISBN-13: 0309175658

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The "contraceptive revolution" of the 1960s and 1970s introduced totally new contraceptive options and launched an era of research and product development. Yet by the late 1980s, conditions had changed and improvements in contraceptive products, while very important in relation to improved oral contraceptives, IUDs, implants, and injectables, had become primarily incremental. Is it time for a second contraceptive revolution and how might it happen? Contraceptive Research and Development explores the frontiers of science where the contraceptives of the future are likely to be found and lays out criteria for deciding where to make the next R&D investments. The book comprehensively examines today's contraceptive needs, identifies "niches" in those needs that seem most readily translatable into market terms, and scrutinizes issues that shape the market: method side effects and contraceptive failure, the challenge of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases, and the implications of the "women's agenda." Contraceptive Research and Development analyzes the response of the pharmaceutical industry to current dynamics in regulation, liability, public opinion, and the economics of the health sector and offers an integrated set of recommendations for public- and private-sector action to meet a whole new generation of demand.


Reproductive Endocrinology and Biology

Reproductive Endocrinology and Biology

Author: Edward Bittar

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 1998-07-27

Total Pages: 355

ISBN-13: 0080544584

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We have now reached the mid-point of our editorial task of putting together the compendium, Principles of Medical Biology, which is supposed to be composed of twenty-five modules. The present single-volume module on reproductive endocrinology and biology is in more than one respect a continuation of Module 10 (in two volumes) dealing with molecular and cellular endocrinology. In addition, it intersects, as it should, with various parts of obstetrics and gynaecology, both of which are abetted by technology. One has only to recall that the practical benefits of ultrasound in perinatal medicine and in vitro fertilisation are the outcome of the technological revolution in biomedicine. Whether we are approaching a new era in reproductive biology following the invention of animal cloning is still hard to tell. For some people, it remains an article of faith that cloning of the human being is highly probable. For others, asexual reproduction is anathema. It should surely be obvious to us all that somatic cell nuclear transfer technology (SCNTT) is going to be at its strongest in dealing with husbandry. Whether this and several social forces will alter our modern outlook, there can be little doubt.As in diverse clinical and basic research, so in obstetrics, animals are used as a model. The data thus obtained is extrapolated, if valid, to the mother and foetus. The success of this approach is exemplified in studies carried out on sheep as a model. On the whole, it is also quite apparent that progress in the field of reproductive biology is to a large extent ascribable to the discovery in other disciplines of new hormones, as well as the introduction of new tools and recent improvements in laboratory methods including measurement of hormones.


Current Catalog

Current Catalog

Author: National Library of Medicine (U.S.)

Publisher:

Published: 1993

Total Pages: 1628

ISBN-13:

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First multi-year cumulation covers six years: 1965-70.


Basic Mechanisms Controlling Term and Preterm Birth

Basic Mechanisms Controlling Term and Preterm Birth

Author: Kristof Chwalisz

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-11-11

Total Pages: 326

ISBN-13: 3662216604

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The mechanisms that initiate labour (i. e. , the conversion of the quies cent uterus to an active and reactive organ at term) are poorly under stood. Of considerable importance are the factors that control preterm labour and preterm birth, with their devastating effects on society. This problem is the leading obstetrical issue. Preterm labour affects ap proximately 10% of all pregnant women (even higher numbers are re- Abb. I. The participants of the workshop VI Preface ported for less developed countries or where prenatal healthcare is a low priority) and it is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality of babies. Current practices to arrest preterm labour, once initiated, are in effective. In addition, procedures to stimulate labour and dilate the cer vix at term may not be used effectively. On October 19th - 21 st, 1992, a Schering Foundation Workshop took place in Berlin to discuss the "Basic Mechanisms Controlling Term and Preterm Labour". Leading scientists from Europe and North America were assembled to consider the fundamental systems which regulate the uterus and cervix during pregnancy. The topics in the sym posium ranged from key cellular events governing uterine contractility and cervical dilatation during labour to clinical advances and applica tions. This book contains the proceedings of the workshop. We were pleased to have been part of the workshop and to have been responsible for its organization.


Gap Junctions

Gap Junctions

Author: Rudolf Werner

Publisher: IOS Press

Published: 1998

Total Pages: 412

ISBN-13: 9789051993745

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This monograph contains research articles from the leading laboratories around the world on gap junctions, the intercellular channels that allow communication between neighbouring cells. It describes the latest results in gap junctions research, the structural and functional characterization of cell-cell channels, the assembly and degradation of gap junctions, the expression and function of gap junctions in different tissues, knockout studies of gap junction genes, the regulation of connexin gene expression, and the functions of gap junctions in development and cancer. Any laboratory interested in intercellular communications and gap junction research will find this monograph an indispensable source of information and reference.


Uterine and Embryonic Factors in Early Pregnancy

Uterine and Embryonic Factors in Early Pregnancy

Author: Jerome F. Strauss III

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 293

ISBN-13: 1461533805

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Human reproduction is the most dynamic of processes. The events which lead to the birth of a normal healthy infant have their origin long before actual fertilization. Indeed, the whole process can be looked upon as a continuum. Human fertilization and early development, once sequestered in the protective environment of the fallopian tubes and uterus, have now been exposed in the laboratory. These events have, over time, been extensively observed and catalogued in animal models. The tools of modem morphology and molecular biology have reopened issues long since considered settled as facets of early reproduction are reexplored. This volume, consisting of the proceedings of a workshop on uterine and embryonic factors in early pregnancy, has been designed to enhance that effort. Attention is focused largely on early embryonal development with special attention to the interrelationship between the embryo and the uterus in early pregnancy. Each of the contributing scientists brings with him or her the perspective of one specific discipline or another. The common denominator is the application of emerging techniques in modem molecular biology to problems pertaining to embryonal-uterine interaction. The goal is to consider specific areas of concern in a multidisciplinary way and to reexplore the factors behind early development and implantation. Uterine complement, the function of uterine macrophages immunoregulatory loops in the peri-implantation period, colony stimulating factors and interferon-like factors are reviewed and their interrelationship explored. Uterine angiogenesis factors as well as embryonic growth factors are also considered.


Immunology of Pregnancy

Immunology of Pregnancy

Author: Gerard Chaouat

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 1992-11-10

Total Pages: 132

ISBN-13: 9780849388682

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Immunology of Pregnancy provides a detailed examination of the fetomaternal relationship, including discussions on the cytokine network and the role of progesterone in an immunosuppressive network in pregnancy. Reviews on animal models of immune abortion, in addition to new data on decidua and suppression factors, are included as well. Immunology of Pregnancy will be a useful reference for obstetricians, gynecologists, immunologists, and infectious disease specialists.