Against the Gates of Hell
Against the Gates of Hell

Author: Gordon Severance

Publisher: Wipf and Stock Publishers

Published: 2012-10-22

Total Pages: 495

ISBN-13: 1725232170

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A riveting story of one man's life and ministry during the explosion of Christian missions in nineteenth-century America, Against the Gates of Hell is the biography of Henry T. Perry, a missionary to Turkey from 1866 to 1913. Based heavily on previously unpublished letters and diaries from the ABCFM (American Board of Commissioners of Foreign Missions) archives in Harvard's Houghton Library, Against the Gates of Hell provides an eyewitness account of the last years of the Ottoman Empire, years that are the foundation for the modern Middle East. Perry's diary also reveals a life wholly committed to Christ, by his example challenging the reader in his own Christian walk. Here too can be found historical testimonies of Muslim/Christian relations which have assumed renewed importance since the events of September 11, 2001. Against the Gates of Hell is classic narrative history, carefully researched, attentive to human interest detail, and contextually rich in historical background. Because of the richness of the historical background, the work becomes a cultural history as well as a biography. The book includes firsthand, eyewitness accounts of the 1894-1895 Armenian massacres and the 1915 Armenian genocide. Against the Gates of Hell is especially timely for the 100th anniversary in 2015 of the 1915 Armenian Genocide, the first genocide of the twentieth century.

Final Solutions
Final Solutions

Author: Benjamin A. Valentino

Publisher: Cornell University Press

Published: 2013-01-19

Total Pages: 329

ISBN-13: 0801467160

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Benjamin A. Valentino finds that ethnic hatreds or discrimination, undemocratic systems of government, and dysfunctions in society play a much smaller role in mass killing and genocide than is commonly assumed. He shows that the impetus for mass killing usually originates from a relatively small group of powerful leaders and is often carried out without the active support of broader society. Mass killing, in his view, is a brutal political or military strategy designed to accomplish leaders' most important objectives, counter threats to their power, and solve their most difficult problems. In order to capture the full scope of mass killing during the twentieth century, Valentino does not limit his analysis to violence directed against ethnic groups, or to the attempt to destroy victim groups as such, as do most previous studies of genocide. Rather, he defines mass killing broadly as the intentional killing of a massive number of noncombatants, using the criteria of 50,000 or more deaths within five years as a quantitative standard. Final Solutions focuses on three types of mass killing: communist mass killings like the ones carried out in the Soviet Union, China, and Cambodia; ethnic genocides as in Armenia, Nazi Germany, and Rwanda; and "counter-guerrilla" campaigns including the brutal civil war in Guatemala and the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan. Valentino closes the book by arguing that attempts to prevent mass killing should focus on disarming and removing from power the leaders and small groups responsible for instigating and organizing the killing.

On the Path to Genocide
On the Path to Genocide

Author: Deborah Mayersen

Publisher: Berghahn Books

Published: 2014-04-01

Total Pages: 260

ISBN-13: 1782382852

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Why did the Armenian genocide erupt in Turkey in 1915, only seven years after the Armenian minority achieved civil equality for the first time in the history of the Ottoman Empire? How can we explain the Rwandan genocide occurring in 1994, after decades of relative peace and even cooperation between the Hutu majority and the Tutsi minority? Addressing the question of how the risk of genocide develops over time, On the Path to Genocide contributes to a better understand why genocide occurs when it does. It provides a comprehensive and comparative historical analysis of the factors that led to the 1915 Armenian genocide and the 1994 genocide in Rwanda, using fresh sources and perspectives that yield new insights into the history of the Armenian and Rwandan peoples. Finally, it also presents new research into constraints that inhibit genocide, and how they can be utilized to attempt the prevention of genocide in the future.

War and Genocide
War and Genocide

Author: Martin Shaw

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2015-01-28

Total Pages: 303

ISBN-13: 0745697542

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This comprehensive introduction to the study of war and genocide presents a disturbing case that the potential for slaughter is deeply rooted in the political, economic, social and ideological relations of the modern world. Most accounts of war and genocide treat them as separate phenomena. This book thoroughly examines the links between these two most inhuman of human activities. It shows that the generally legitimate business of war and the monstrous crime of genocide are closely related. This is not just because genocide usually occurs in the midst of war, but because genocide is a form of war directed against civilian populations. The book shows how fine the line has been, in modern history, between ‘degenerate war’ involving the mass destruction of civilian populations, and ‘genocide’, the deliberate destruction of civilian groups as such. Written by one of the foremost sociological writers on war, War and Genocide has four main features: an original argument about the meaning and causes of mass killing in the modern world; a guide to the main intellectual resources – military, political and social theories – necessary to understand war and genocide; summaries of the main historical episodes of slaughter, from the trenches of the First World War to the Nazi Holocaust and the killing fields of Cambodia, Bosnia and Rwanda; practical guides to further reading, courses and websites. This book examines war and genocide together with their opposites, peace and justice. It looks at them from the standpoint of victims as well as perpetrators. It is an important book for anyone wanting to understand – and overcome – the continuing salience of destructive forces in modern society.

Atrocities, Massacres, and War Crimes [2 volumes] [2 volumes]
Atrocities, Massacres, and War Crimes [2 volumes] [2 volumes]

Author: Alexander Mikaberidze

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA

Published: 2013-06-25

Total Pages: 906

ISBN-13: 1598849263

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Both concise and wide-ranging, this encyclopedia covers massacres, atrocities, war crimes, and genocides, including acts of inhumanity on all continents; and serves as a reminder that lest we forget, history will repeat itself. The 400-plus entries in Atrocities, Massacres, and War Crimes: An Encyclopedia provide accessible and concise information on the difficult subject of abject human violence committed on all continents. The entries in this two-volume work describe atrocities, massacres, and war crimes committed in the 20th century, thereby documenting how human beings have repeatedly proven their capability to commit horrific acts of inhumanity even in relatively recent times and within the modern era. The encyclopedia covers countries, treaties, and terms; profiles individuals who had been formally indicted for war crimes as well as those who have committed mass atrocities and gone unpunished; and addresses human rights violations, crimes against humanity, and crimes against peace.

Genocidal Conscription
Genocidal Conscription

Author: Christopher Harrison

Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield

Published: 2023-07-03

Total Pages: 205

ISBN-13: 1666925683

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Genocidal Conscription examines how some states have employed mandatory military service as a tool to capture and kill the victims of genocide by recruiting the perpetrators from other minorities, and shifting blame away from the state. The book highlights several unique intersections that connect military history, Holocaust studies, and genocide. The study details an original framework that encompasses intentions and outcomes of wartime casualties, Clausewitzian wastage, and genocidal massacres. Christopher Harrison traces and compares how two genocidal regimes at war – the Ottoman Empire during World War One and Axis-era Hungary in World War Two – implemented certain policies of military service to capture and destroy their targets amidst the carnage of modern warfare. Following this historical comparative study, the author then summarizes relevant implications and ongoing concerns. The conclusion includes insights into conscription by contemporary authoritarian regimes. By examining these histories and crises, the book suggests that several states are at risk of carrying out genocidal conscription today. While difficult and unlikely, due to political disincentives, the implication of this analysis considers reforms which may prevent states from repeating similar policies and actions again.

American Churches and the First World War
American Churches and the First World War

Author: Gordon L. Heath

Publisher: Wipf and Stock Publishers

Published: 2016-10-31

Total Pages: 225

ISBN-13: 153260114X

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The centenary of America's declaration of war in 1917 is a fitting time to examine afresh the reaction of the American churches to the conflict. What was the impact of the war on the churches as well as the churches' hoped-for influence on the nation's war effort? Commenting on themes such as nationalism, nativism, nation-building, dissent, just war, and pacifism, this book provides a window into those perilous times from the viewpoint of Mainline and Evangelical Protestants, Roman Catholics, Lutherans, Pentecostals, Mennonites, Quakers, Mormons, and Jehovah's Witnesses. Also included are chapters on developments among American military chaplains in the First World War and the reaction of the American churches to the Armenian Genocide.

The Globalization of Christianity
The Globalization of Christianity

Author: Gordon L. Heath

Publisher: Wipf and Stock Publishers

Published: 2015-01-20

Total Pages: 183

ISBN-13: 1625648014

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While Christianity appears to be in decline in the West it is growing robustly in the global South. What does this mean for the Christianity that was once considered to be the religion of the West? The new contexts and trajectories require innovative responses and relevant theological reflection in the church. This volume addresses these changes through identifying and analyzing global shifts, highlighting practical innovations in the church that attempt to deal with new trajectories, and proposing theological positions intended to help face the issues and challenges of the twenty-first century. Contributors to this volume include Philip Jenkins (The Next Christendom, The New Faces of Christianity, God's Continent), Steven M. Studebaker, Gordon L. Heath, Bradley K. Broadhead, Christof Sauer, Lee Beach, Michael P. Knowles, Peter Althouse, Michael Wilkinson, John H. Issak, David K. Taurus, and Seongho Kang.

Evil Seed
Evil Seed

Author: C. G. McGovern-Bowen

Publisher: WESTLAKE PUBLISHERS

Published: 2001-11

Total Pages: 524

ISBN-13: 9780759647800

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In a time, long since forgotten, and in a world that is forever changing, reality has not yet been deemed myth and legends are still in the making. Mortals all play part in the unwritten destiny that will change the face of this planet forever, a planet governed by higher powers and watched over by the Guardians. This is one of their stories. Drafted by a deranged king, guided by a mysterious entity, a handful of mortals will attempt to save the planet, conquer their demons and write history. After receiving word that King Gordon wants his head, the Great Light Bringer has set out for Heirodor to end the persecution of his followers. Marius, not having the support he expected, has decided to go rogue in his quest to bring balance to the world. Charon is forced to fight his family's killer and extract his revenge but it will take all his strength and skills to do so. The rest of his group, mourning the loss of another ally, must now travel to Lentrum in search of the Mirror of Yks. Welcome to the third of many books from the Immortal Saga. Welcome to book three of The Avatar and the God: Division.