Metáforas de sentencias judiciales de Estados Unidos trasladadas a la doctrina y la jurisprudencia de la Argentina

Metáforas de sentencias judiciales de Estados Unidos trasladadas a la doctrina y la jurisprudencia de la Argentina

Author: Marisa Alejandra Nowiczewski

Publisher: Colegio de Traductores Públicos de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires

Published: 2023-09-19

Total Pages: 198

ISBN-13: 9871763441

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Una de las críticas más recurrentes al discurso jurídico español se refiere a su oscuridad e impenetrabilidad. En particular, el uso de la metáfora, entre otras figuras del lenguaje, representa uno de los factores que contribuyen a que el discurso jurídico resulte incomprensible aun para aquellos familiarizados con el mundo del derecho. Esto se debe a que, en muchos casos, se adoptan figuras o ideas propias del derecho estadounidense mediante procedimientos de trasvase, como la traducción literal, que cuando se aplican como misma y única estrategia de traducción conducen a un fracaso comunicacional entre el emisor experto y sus receptores, ya sean legos o miembros de la comunidad jurídica. En relación con la traducción al español de metáforas de sentencias judiciales de EE.UU. que se emplean en la jurisprudencia y la doctrina de la Argentina, consideramos que la reproducción de la misma imagen en la lengua meta (Newmark, 1988) o traducción literal es el procedimiento más utilizado para traducir las metáforas del inglés al español. Es de destacar que no existen trabajos de investigación, en la Argentina o en otro país hispanohablante, cuyo objetivo sea el estudio de este procedimiento de traducción en particular aplicado a la metáfora jurídica. En este trabajo de tesis analizamos las metáforas mencionadas a partir del enfoque lingüístico-cognitivo propuesto por Lakoff y Johnson (1980), abordamos su traducción al español y aportamos evidencia empírica que permite corroborar nuestra hipótesis. Compilamos un corpus de veinte metáforas presentes en sentencias de tribunales de EE.UU. y de textos de jurisprudencia y de doctrina de Argentina que incluyen esas metáforas. Se proce al análisis contrastivo de las metáforas en los textos de partida y sus traducciones en los textos de llegada mediante un modelo que parte de una aproximación translation-oriented (Nord, 1991a) y del examen de los factores extratextuales e intratextuales que propone la autora (1991a) y que han abordado las teorías de análisis del discurso. One of the most frequent criticisms leveled at legal discourse in Spanish is that it is obscure and impenetrable in nature. The use of metaphor, among other figures of speech, is a major contributing factor in making legal discourse incomprehensible even to those familiar with the world of law. The reason for this is that in many cases, legal devices or concepts of American Law are adopted by means of translation methods such as literal translation which, when systematically applied as the only strategy, usually lead to communication failures between expert source text producers and target text receivers, whether laymen or legal professionals. In this thesis, we argue that reproducing the same image in the target language (Newmark, 1988) or literal translation is the most widespread method to translate, from English into Spanish, metaphors in U.S. court opinions that are employed in Argentine court decisions and scholarly texts. It should be noted that previous work, whether from Argentina or other Spanish-speaking countries, has failed to address this method in particular as applied to the translation of legal metaphors. In this study, we analyze the metaphors mentioned above using the cognitive-linguistic approach to metaphor launched by Lakoff & Johnson (1980), discuss their translation into Spanish, and provide empirical evidence to support our claim. We assembled a corpus of twenty metaphors in U.S. court opinions, and of Argentine court decisions and scholarly texts including those metaphors. Using the corpus, we compare the metaphors in the source texts and their translations in the target texts by using a model that is based on (i) a translation-oriented text analysis (Nord, 1991a), and (ii) the assessment of intratextual and extratextual factors proposed by Nord (1991a) and and extratextual factors proposed by Nord (1991a) and addressed by discourse analysis theories.


Handbook on Electricity Markets

Handbook on Electricity Markets

Author: Glachant, Jean-Michel

Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing

Published: 2021-11-12

Total Pages: 672

ISBN-13: 1788979958

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With twenty-two chapters written by leading international experts, this volume represents the most detailed and comprehensive Handbook on electricity markets ever published.


Asset Recovery Handbook

Asset Recovery Handbook

Author: Jean-Pierre Brun

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2021-02-08

Total Pages: 348

ISBN-13: 1464816174

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Developing countries lose billions each year through bribery, misappropriation of funds, and other corrupt practices. Much of the proceeds of this corruption find 'safe haven' in the world's financial centers. These criminal flows are a drain on social services and economic development programs, contributing to the impoverishment of the world's poorest countries. Many developing countries have already sought to recover stolen assets. A number of successful high-profile cases with creative international cooperation has demonstrated that asset recovery is possible. However, it is highly complex, involving coordination and collaboration with domestic agencies and ministries in multiple jurisdictions, as well as the capacity to trace and secure assets and pursue various legal options—whether criminal confiscation, non-conviction based confiscation, civil actions, or other alternatives. This process can be overwhelming for even the most experienced practitioners. It is exceptionally difficult for those working in the context of failed states, widespread corruption, or limited resources. With this in mind, the Stolen Asset Recovery (StAR) Initiative has developed and updated this Asset Recovery Handbook: A Guide for Practitioners to assist those grappling with the strategic, organizational, investigative, and legal challenges of recovering stolen assets. A practitioner-led project, the Handbook provides common approaches to recovering stolen assets located in foreign jurisdictions, identifies the challenges that practitioners are likely to encounter, and introduces good practices. It includes examples of tools that can be used by practitioners, such as sample intelligence reports, applications for court orders, and mutual legal assistance requests. StAR—the Stolen Asset Recovery Initiative—is a partnership between the World Bank Group and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime that supports international efforts to end safe havens for corrupt funds. StAR works with developing countries and financial centers to prevent the laundering of the proceeds of corruption and to facilitate more systematic and timely return of stolen assets.


How I Became a Quant

How I Became a Quant

Author: Richard R. Lindsey

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2011-01-11

Total Pages: 406

ISBN-13: 1118044754

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Praise for How I Became a Quant "Led by two top-notch quants, Richard R. Lindsey and Barry Schachter, How I Became a Quant details the quirky world of quantitative analysis through stories told by some of today's most successful quants. For anyone who might have thought otherwise, there are engaging personalities behind all that number crunching!" --Ira Kawaller, Kawaller & Co. and the Kawaller Fund "A fun and fascinating read. This book tells the story of how academics, physicists, mathematicians, and other scientists became professional investors managing billions." --David A. Krell, President and CEO, International Securities Exchange "How I Became a Quant should be must reading for all students with a quantitative aptitude. It provides fascinating examples of the dynamic career opportunities potentially open to anyone with the skills and passion for quantitative analysis." --Roy D. Henriksson, Chief Investment Officer, Advanced Portfolio Management "Quants"--those who design and implement mathematical models for the pricing of derivatives, assessment of risk, or prediction of market movements--are the backbone of today's investment industry. As the greater volatility of current financial markets has driven investors to seek shelter from increasing uncertainty, the quant revolution has given people the opportunity to avoid unwanted financial risk by literally trading it away, or more specifically, paying someone else to take on the unwanted risk. How I Became a Quant reveals the faces behind the quant revolution, offering you?the?chance to learn firsthand what it's like to be a?quant today. In this fascinating collection of Wall Street war stories, more than two dozen quants detail their roots, roles, and contributions, explaining what they do and how they do it, as well as outlining the sometimes unexpected paths they have followed from the halls of academia to the front lines of an investment revolution.


Handbook on Establishing Effective Labour Migration Policies in Countries of Origin and Destination

Handbook on Establishing Effective Labour Migration Policies in Countries of Origin and Destination

Author: Nilim Baruah

Publisher: International Org. for Migration

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 268

ISBN-13:

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Aims to assist states in their efforts to develop new policy approaches, solutions and practical measures for better management of labour migration in countries of origin and of destination. Analyses effective policies and practices and draws on examples from OSCE participating States as well as other countries that have experience in this field.


No Logo

No Logo

Author: Naomi Klein

Publisher: Macmillan

Published: 2000-01-15

Total Pages: 520

ISBN-13: 9780312203436

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"What corporations fear most are consumers who ask questions. Naomi Klein offers us the arguments with which to take on the superbrands." Billy Bragg from the bookjacket.


The Global Energy Transition

The Global Energy Transition

Author: Peter D Cameron

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing

Published: 2021-01-14

Total Pages: 272

ISBN-13: 1509932496

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Global energy is on the cusp of change, and it has become almost a truism that energy is in transition. But what does this notion mean exactly? This book explores the working hypothesis that, characteristically, the energy system requires a strategy of the international community of states to deliver sustainable energy to which all have access. This strategy is for establishing rules-based governance of the global energy value-cycle. The book has four substantive parts that bring together contributions of leading experts from academia and practice on the law, policy, and economics of energy. Part I, 'The prospects of energy transition', critically discusses the leading forecasts for energy and the strategies that resource-rich countries may adopt. Part II, 'Rules-based multilateral governance of the energy sector', details the development and sources of rules on energy. Part III, 'Competition and regulation in transboundary energy markets', discusses principal instruments of rules-based governance of energy. Part IV, 'Attracting investments and the challenges of multi-level governance', focuses on the critical governance of the right investments. This book is a flagship publication of the Centre for Energy, Petroleum and Mineral Law and Policy at the University of Dundee. It launches the Hart series 'Global Energy Law and Policy' and is edited by the series general editors Professors Peter D Cameron and Volker Roeben, and also Dr Xiaoyi Mu.