BPA Production Process - Cost Analysis - BPA E11A
BPA Production Process - Cost Analysis - BPA E11A

Author: Intratec

Publisher: Intratec Solutions

Published: 2016-05-01

Total Pages: 52

ISBN-13: 1945324449

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This report presents a cost analysis of Bisphenol A (BPA) production from phenol and acetone. In this process, BPA is produced by the condensation reaction of acetone with phenol. The reaction is catalyzed by hydrogen chloride. This report examines one-time costs associated with the construction of a United States-based plant and the continuing costs associated with the daily operation of such a plant. More specifically, it discusses: * Capital Investment, broken down by: - Total fixed capital required, divided in production unit (ISBL); infrastructure (OSBL) and contingency - Alternative perspective on the total fixed capital, divided in direct costs, indirect costs and contingency - Working capital and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up * Production cost, broken down by: - Manufacturing variable costs (raw materials, utilities) - Manufacturing fixed costs (maintenance costs, operating charges, plant overhead, local taxes and insurance) - Depreciation and corporate overhead costs * Raw materials consumption, products generation and labor requirements * Process block flow diagram and description of industrial site installations (production unit and infrastructure) Keywords: Carbolic Acid, Propanone, Hooker Chemical, Occidental Chemical, OxyChem

Polycarbonate Production from BPA - Cost Analysis - PC E11A
Polycarbonate Production from BPA - Cost Analysis - PC E11A

Author: Intratec

Publisher: Intratec Solutions

Published: 2019-09-17

Total Pages: 103

ISBN-13:

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This report presents a cost analysis of Polycarbonate (PC) production from bisphenol A (BPA) and phosgene. The process examined is a typical interfacial process. In this process, BPA, dissolved in an aqueous solution, is reacted with phosgene, in an organic solution, at the interface of the two-phase mixture. The carbonate oligomers produced are then polycondensed to Polycarbonate resin. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): "Polycarbonates", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 7th edition Keywords: Thermoplastic Polymer, Interfacial Polymerization, Polycondensation

Liquid and Solid Epoxy Resins Production Process - Cost Analysis - Epoxy Resins E11A
Liquid and Solid Epoxy Resins Production Process - Cost Analysis - Epoxy Resins E11A

Author: Intratec

Publisher: Intratec

Published: 2019-09-17

Total Pages: 102

ISBN-13:

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This report presents a cost analysis of Solid and Liquid Epoxy Resins production from epichlorohydrin and bisphenol A (BPA) using a typical process. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Keywords: Diglycidyl Ether of Bisphenol A, DGEBA, Chlorohydrin, Dehydrohalogenation, LER, SER, Dehydrochlorination

Tetrabromobisphenol A Production - Cost Analysis - TBBPA E11A
Tetrabromobisphenol A Production - Cost Analysis - TBBPA E11A

Author: Intratec

Publisher: Intratec

Published: 2019-09-17

Total Pages: 102

ISBN-13:

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This report presents a cost analysis of Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) production from bisphenol A (BPA) and bromine. In this process, TBBPA is generated by the bromination reaction of bisphenol A. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Keywords: Tetrabromobisphenol A, TBBPA, Bisphenol A, BPA, Bromination

Links Between Business Accounting and National Accounting
Links Between Business Accounting and National Accounting

Author: United Nations

Publisher: United Nations Publications

Published: 2000

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9789211614275

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This publication is one of a series of handbooks prepared by the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD) to help countries, particularly developing countries, implement the 1993 system of national accounts (SNA). It attempts to cover the conceptual and practical aspects of linking business accounts to national accounts through countries' experiences. The handbook aims to provide a general guide to business accounts and the possibility of linking items in them to SNA concepts allowing for local rules and regulations. It cannot provide a set of concrete and detailed international guidelines due to the diversity of business account standards among countries and the extent to which business accounts are made available to statisticians. The main target audiences for this handbook are staff responsible for the compilation of national accounts although it is also a useful reference tool for those who prepare statistics for the preparation of national accounts.

America's Children and the Environment
America's Children and the Environment

Author: U.s. Environmental Protection Agency

Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform

Published: 2017-05-31

Total Pages: 502

ISBN-13: 9781547052585

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"America's Children and the Environment (ACE)" is EPA's report presenting data on children's environmental health. ACE brings together information from a variety of sources to provide national indicators in the following areas: Environments and Contaminants, Biomonitoring, and Health. Environments and Contaminants indicators describe conditions in the environment, such as levels of air pollution. Biomonitoring indicators include contaminants measured in the bodies of children and women of child-bearing age, such as children's blood lead levels. Health indicators report the rates at which selected health outcomes occur among U.S. children, such as the annual percentage of children who currently have asthma. Accompanying each indicator is text discussing the relevance of the issue to children's environmental health and describing the data used in preparing the indicator. Wherever possible, the indicators are based on data sources that are updated in a consistent manner, so that indicator values may be compared over time.

Phenolic Compounds
Phenolic Compounds

Author: Marcos Soto-Hernández

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2017-03-15

Total Pages: 458

ISBN-13: 9535129570

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Phenolic compounds as a large class of metabolites found in plants have attracted attention since long time ago due to their properties and the hope that they will show beneficial health effects when taken as dietary supplements. This book presents the state of the art of some of the natural sources of phenolic compounds, for example, medicinal plants, grapes or blue maize, as well as the modern methods of extraction, quantification, and identification, and there is a special section discussing the treatment, removal, and degradation of phenols, an important issue in those phenols derived from the pharmaceutical or petrochemical industries.

Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century
Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2007-10-05

Total Pages: 217

ISBN-13: 0309109922

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Advances in molecular biology and toxicology are paving the way for major improvements in the evaluation of the hazards posed by the large number of chemicals found at low levels in the environment. The National Research Council was asked by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to review the state of the science and create a far-reaching vision for the future of toxicity testing. The book finds that developing, improving, and validating new laboratory tools based on recent scientific advances could significantly improve our ability to understand the hazards and risks posed by chemicals. This new knowledge would lead to much more informed environmental regulations and dramatically reduce the need for animal testing because the new tests would be based on human cells and cell components. Substantial scientific efforts and resources will be required to leverage these new technologies to realize the vision, but the result will be a more efficient, informative and less costly system for assessing the hazards posed by industrial chemicals and pesticides.

Reducing Climate Impact from Fisheries
Reducing Climate Impact from Fisheries

Author: Staffan Waldo

Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers

Published: 2014-05-19

Total Pages: 186

ISBN-13: 9289327839

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Few doubt the impact from human activities on global warming and the negative consequences of rising temperatures for both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. Efficient policy instruments are needed to change the development. This report uses empirical models to analyse how CO2 emissions, fleet structure, economic performance, and employment opportunities are affected by imposing management instruments to reduce climate impacts. These instruments include both fisheries management such as larger stock levels and more efficient fleets, and energy policy such as fuel taxes or CO2 trading schemes. To get a representative view of the Nordic fisheries, the analysis contains case studies from all the Nordic countries: Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Iceland, Greenland, the Faroe Islands and Finland. The fleet segments analysed range from coastal small-scale trap nets to large off-shore trawlers.