Bounds on the Effective Theory of Gravity in Models of Particle Physics and Cosmology

Bounds on the Effective Theory of Gravity in Models of Particle Physics and Cosmology

Author: Michael Atkins

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2014-05-13

Total Pages: 104

ISBN-13: 3319063677

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The effective theory of quantum gravity coupled to models of particle physics is being probed by cutting edge experiments in both high energy physics (searches for extra dimensions) and cosmology (testing models of inflation). This thesis derives new bounds that may be placed on these models both theoretically and experimentally. In models of extra dimensions, the internal consistency of the theories at high energies are investigated via perturbative unitarity bounds. Similarly it is shown that recent models of Higgs inflation suffer from a breakdown of perturbative unitarity during the inflationary period. In addition, the thesis uses the latest LHC data to derive the first ever experimental bound on the size of the Higgs boson's non-minimal coupling to gravity.


Particle Physics and Cosmology: the Fabric of Spacetime

Particle Physics and Cosmology: the Fabric of Spacetime

Author:

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2007-09-12

Total Pages: 591

ISBN-13: 0080550606

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This book is a collection of lectures given in August 2006 at the Les Houches Summer School on "Particle Physics and Cosmology: the Fabric of Spacetime. It provides a pedagogical introduction to the various aspects of both particle physics beyond the Standard Model and Cosmology of the Early Universe, covering each topic from the basics to the most recent developments.· Provides a pedagogical introduction to topics at the interface of particle physics and cosmology· Addresses each topic from the basis to the most recent developments· Provides necessary tools to build new theoretical models addressing various issues both in cosmology and particle physics· Covers the lectures by internationally-renowned and leading experts· Faces the predictions of theoretical models against collider experimental data as well as from cosmological observations


Current Problems in Particle Physics and Cosmology

Current Problems in Particle Physics and Cosmology

Author: K. Tamvakis

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2016-06-04

Total Pages: 166

ISBN-13: 1483278042

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Current Problems in Particle Physics and Cosmology covers the proceedings of the workshop ""Current Problems in Particle Physics and Cosmology"", held in Ioannina, Greece on June 25-29, 1990. The book focuses on the reactions, problems, methodologies, and processes involved in particle physics and cosmology. The selection first offers information on the search for cosmic axions and experimental limits on light scalars/pseudoscalars and experimental tests of the standard model using the recently collected UA2 data. Topics include limits on the production of light scalar and pseudoscalar particles; measurement of SM parameters; transverse momenta distributions of the W and Z bosons; and mass spectroscopy with jets. The text then takes a look at heavy top quark, fermion mixings, and electroweak multi-particle-production at TeV energies. Discussions focus on third and second generation masses and mixing; neutrino sector; threshold energy; total inelastic multiparticle cross sections; and geometrical flavor interactions at very high energies. The publication examines supersymmetry breaking and dynamical determination of superstring parameters; four-dimensional strings and low energy predictions; and gravity from superstrings. The selection is a vital source of data for readers interested in particle physics and cosmology.


Understanding the Fundamental Constituents of Matter

Understanding the Fundamental Constituents of Matter

Author: Antonio Zichichi

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 913

ISBN-13: 146840931X

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During July and August of 1976 a group of 90 physicists from 56 laboratories in 21 countries met in Erice for the 14th Course of the International School of Subnuclear Physics. The countries represented were Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, the Federal Republic of Germany, France, the German Democratic Republic, Greece, Israel, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Nigeria, Norway, Sweden, the United Kingdom, the United States of America, Vietnam, and Yugoslavia. The School was sponsored by the Italian Ministry of Public Education (MPI), the Italian Ministry of Scientific and Technological Research (MRST), the North Atlantic Treaty Organi zation (NATO), the Regional Sicilian Government (ERS), and the Weizmann Institute of Science. The program of the School was mainly devoted to the elucida tion and discussion of the progress achieved in the theoretical and experimental understanding of the fundamental constituents of matter. On the theoretical front we had a series of remarkable lecturers (C. N. Yang, S. Weinberg, G. C. Wick) attempting a description of finite size particles. Another group of lecturers covered such topics as the understanding of the new particles (H. J. Lipkin), whether or not jets really exist (E. Lillethun), and the unexpected A-dependence of massive dileptons produced in high-energy proton- nucleus collisions (J. W. Cronin). Two other outstanding questions were covered by E. Leader and G. Preparata respectively: whether strong interactions are still within the Regge framework, and if it is really possible to master strong interactions. A. J. S.


Cosmology Beyond Einstein

Cosmology Beyond Einstein

Author: Adam Ross Solomon

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-11-02

Total Pages: 239

ISBN-13: 3319466216

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This work investigates the theoretical and cosmological implications of modifying Einstein's theory of general relativity. It explores two classes of modifications to gravity: those in which the graviton is given a small mass, and those in which Lorentz invariance is spontaneously broken. It elucidates the nature of cosmological perturbations in theories of massive bimetric gravity, including a potentially deadly instability. Theories of gravity beyond general relativity could explain why the expansion of the Universe is accelerating, obviating the need for a dark energy, and can also affect the evolution of the early Universe. Next, it investigates the nature of spacetime in massive gravity theories that contain two different spacetime metrics. Lastly, the strongest constraints to date are placed on the size of Lorentz-violating effects in the gravity sector during inflation.


Gravitational Theories Beyond General Relativity

Gravitational Theories Beyond General Relativity

Author: Iberê Kuntz

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2019-05-21

Total Pages: 88

ISBN-13: 3030211975

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Despite the success of general relativity in explaining classical gravitational phenomena, several problems at the interface between gravitation and high energy physics still remain open. The purpose of this thesis is to explore quantum gravity and its phenomenological consequences for dark matter, gravitational waves and inflation. A new formalism to classify gravitational theories based on their degrees of freedom is introduced and, in light of this classification, it is argued that dark matter is no different from modified gravity. Gravitational waves are shown to be damped due to quantum degrees of freedom. The consequences for gravitational wave events are also discussed. The non-minimal coupling of the Higgs boson to gravity is studied in connection with Starobinsky inflation and its implications for the vacuum instability problem is analyzed.


Cosmological Probes of Light Relics

Cosmological Probes of Light Relics

Author: Benjamin Wallisch

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2019-11-20

Total Pages: 229

ISBN-13: 3030310981

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The wealth of recent cosmic microwave background and large-scale structure data has transformed the field of cosmology. These observations have not only become precise enough to answer questions about the universe on the largest scales, but also to address puzzles in the microscopic description of Nature. This thesis investigates new ways of probing the early universe, the properties of neutrinos and the possible existence of other light particles. In particular, based on detailed theoretical insights and novel analyses, new evidence for the cosmic neutrino background is found in the distribution of galaxies and in cosmic microwave background data. This tests the Standard Model of particle physics and the universe back to a time when it was about one second old. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that future observations will be capable of probing physics beyond the Standard Model since they can achieve a particular target which would either allow the detection of any light particles that have ever been in thermal equilibrium or imply strong bounds on their properties.


Dark Matter in Astro- and Particle Physics

Dark Matter in Astro- and Particle Physics

Author: H.V. Klapdor-Kleingrothaus

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 747

ISBN-13: 364256643X

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Dark matter in the Universe has become one of the most exciting and central fields of astrophysics, particle physics and cosmology. The lectures and talks in this book emphasize the experimental and theoretical status and perspectives of the ongoing search for dark matter, and the future potential of the field into the next millennium, stressing in particular the interplay between astro- and particle physics.


Introduction to Effective Field Theory

Introduction to Effective Field Theory

Author: C. P. Burgess

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2020-12-10

Total Pages: 665

ISBN-13: 0521195470

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This advanced, accessible textbook on effective field theories uses worked examples to bring this important topic to a wider audience.


Quantum Gravity

Quantum Gravity

Author: Bertfried Fauser

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2007-02-15

Total Pages: 343

ISBN-13: 3764379782

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This book provides the reader with an overview of the different mathematical attempts to quantize gravity written by leading experts in this field. Also discussed are the possible experimental bounds on quantum gravity effects. The contributions have been strictly refereed and are written in an accessible style. The present volume emerged from the 2nd Blaubeuren Workshop "Mathematical and Physical Aspects of Quantum Gravity".