Sheet Retrofit Systems for Concrete Slabs for Blast Mitigation
Sheet Retrofit Systems for Concrete Slabs for Blast Mitigation

Author: Benjamin James Tappmeyer

Publisher:

Published: 2015

Total Pages: 87

ISBN-13:

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Various ductile sheet materials are currently used to retrofit existing concrete wall systems to mitigate the effects of external blast. Sheet retrofits can increase the strength and ductility of the wall, and also provide a means of fragmentation control. To develop blast design guidelines for sheet blast-retrofits, it is first necessary to develop static resistance functions which are experimentally verified. Static resistance functions were developed for various types of sheet retrofits and a reinforced concrete slab using a mechanics of materials approach. The individual models for the sheet and reinforced concrete slab were then combined to develop a static resistance function for the concrete-sheet retrofit systems. A series of full scale quasi-static tests were conducted using a hydraulic loading tree to experimentally verify the analytical models. The following types of thin sheeting were examined: steel, rubber, polyurea, polypropylene composite, and a polymer-fiber composite sheet.

Design and Testing of a Blast-resistant Reinforced Concrete Slab System
Design and Testing of a Blast-resistant Reinforced Concrete Slab System

Author: Marvin E. Criswell

Publisher:

Published: 1972

Total Pages: 330

ISBN-13:

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The objectives of the investigation were to design and model test a blast-resistant reinforced concrete slab system serving as the roof of a basement shelter area. The slab system was designed to offer sufficient radiation and blast protection to insure a survival probability for its occupants of 85 to 95 percent for a fa 15-psi airblast overpressure loading. Static and dynamic tests were conducted on two 1/4-scale models of a prototype shelter. The prototype shelter, as designed, has a reinforced concrete flat slab roof consisting of three 18-foot spans in each direction supported by four interior columns and by a continuous wall around the perimeter. The model included the perimeter walls and different panel configurations which would influence the load-carrying capacity of the prototype structure. The slab system was designed using the empirical method of the 1963 American Concrete Institute Code with modifications to account for the dynamic loading effects. (Author).

Blast Design of Reinforced Concrete and Masonry Components Retrofitted with FRP.
Blast Design of Reinforced Concrete and Masonry Components Retrofitted with FRP.

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 2010

Total Pages: 42

ISBN-13:

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Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) products are used as an alternative to traditional methods for strengthening and retrofitting concrete and masonry structures to resist blast loads. The development and experimental validation of a methodology for modeling the response of blast loaded concrete and masonry structural components retrofitted with FRP, as well as corresponding response criteria, is important since these types of components often require upgrades in order to provide personnel protection in blast-loaded buildings. This paper discusses the development of a SDOF-based procedure for designing FRP upgrades to blast loaded masonry and concrete walls by Protection Engineering Consultants for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Protective Design Center. This includes the methodology used to determine the flexural stiffness and ultimate flexural and shear resistance of the upgraded walls. The methodology for estimating the flexural resistance of concrete and masonry components is based on current codes and guidelines (ACI-318 and ACI 440.2R). Experimental data from previous shock tube tests on concrete and masonry walls retrofitted with FRP were used to validate the upgrade design procedure by comparing the observed and calculated response of the tested components. Furthermore, proposed response criteria were developed for flexural and shear response of the walls for damage levels used for DoD antiterrorism design. These damage levels can be correlated to those used in UFC 3-340-02 for explosive safety.

Blast Protection of Civil Infrastructures and Vehicles Using Composites
Blast Protection of Civil Infrastructures and Vehicles Using Composites

Author: Nasim Uddin

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2010-03-12

Total Pages: 448

ISBN-13: 1845698037

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With the upsurge in terrorism in recent years and the possibility of accidental blast threats, there is growing interest in manufacturing blast ‘hardened’ structures and retrofitting blast mitigation materials to existing structures. Composites provide the ideal material for blast protection as they can be engineered to give different levels of protection by varying the reinforcements and matrices. Part one discusses general technical issues with chapters on topics such as blast threats and types of blast damage, processing polymer matrix composites for blast protection, standards and specifications for composite blast protection materials, high energy absorbing composite materials for blast resistant design, modelling the blast response of hybrid laminated composite plates and the response of composite panels to blast wave pressure loadings. Part two reviews applications including ceramic matrix composites for ballistic protection of vehicles and personnel, using composites to protect military vehicles from mine blasts, blast protection of buildings using FRP matrix composites, using composites in blast resistant walls for offshore, naval and defence related structures, using composites to improve the blast resistance of columns in buildings, retrofitting using fibre reinforced polymer composites for blast protection of buildings and retrofitting to improve the blast response of concrete masonry walls. With its distinguished editor and team of expert contributors, Blast protection of civil infrastructures and vehicles using composites is a standard reference for all those concerned with protecting structures from the effects of blasts in both the civil and military sectors. Reviews the role of composites in blast protection with an examination of technical issues, applications of composites and ceramic matrix composites Presents numerical examples of simplified blast load computation and an overview of the basics of high explosives includes important properties and physical forms Varying applications of composites for protection are explored including military and non-military vehicles and increased resistance in building columns and masonry walls

Concrete Masonry Wall Retrofit Systems for Blast Protection
Concrete Masonry Wall Retrofit Systems for Blast Protection

Author: Carol Faye Johnson

Publisher:

Published: 2014

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

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The increased threat against government and public facilities in the United States and abroad has highlighted the need to provide an economic and efficient method to retrofit existing conventional structures. Hollow, unreinforced, concrete masonry unit (CMU) infill walls, commonly used in reinforced concrete or steel framed structures, are particularly vulnerable to blast loads. Facilities that incorporate CMU walls must either be hardened or retrofitted for explosive events. Conventional retrofit techniques that focus on increasing the overall strength of the structure by adding steel or concrete are difficult to implement, time consuming, expensive, and in some cases, increase the debris hazard. The current research presents an alternative retrofit system for CMU walls that involves the application of an elastomeric material applied to the interior surface of the wall to prevent secondary debris in the form of CMU fragments from entering the structure when it is exposed to blast loads. The experimental program used to evaluate the alternative retrofit systems was divided into three phases. In Phase one, resistance functions for seven different retrofit systems were developed in 24 subscale static experiments. In Phase two, the structural response of the retrofit systems subjected to blast loads was evaluated in 25 subscale experiments. The final phase of the experimental program consisted of 18 full-scale high-explosive (HE) experiments used to validate the structural response observed in the subscale dynamic experiments. Data generated from the experimental program were used to develop a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) model to predict the mid-span deflection of the retrofitted CMU walls subjected to blast loads. The subscale resistance functions from Phase one were scaled and used in the SDOF model. The full-scale experimental results and the predicted results from the model were compared and the retrofit systems were ranked according to the qualitative and quantitative results obtained from the experimental and analytical research. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151905

Advances in Structural Technologies
Advances in Structural Technologies

Author: Sondipon Adhikari

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-09-25

Total Pages: 426

ISBN-13: 9811552355

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This book comprises select proceedings of the National Conference on Advances in Structural Technology (CoAST 2019). It brings together different applied and technological aspects of structural engineering. The main topics covered in this book include solid mechanics, composite structures, fluid-structure interaction, soil-structure interaction, structural safety, and structural health monitoring. The book also focuses on emerging structural materials and the different behavior of civil, mechanical, and aerospace structural systems. Given its contents, this book will be a useful reference for researchers and practitioners working in structural safety and engineering.

Structures and Architecture
Structures and Architecture

Author: Paulo J. Cruz

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2016-10-14

Total Pages: 1553

ISBN-13: 1317549961

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Although the disciplines of architecture and structural engineering have both experienced their own historical development, their interaction has resulted in many fascinating and delightful structures. To take this interaction to a higher level, there is a need to stimulate the inventive and creative design of architectural structures and to persuade architects and structural engineers to further collaborate in this process, exploiting together new concepts, applications and challenges. This set of book of abstracts and full paper searchable CD-ROM presents selected papers presented at the 3rd International Conference on Structures and Architecture Conference (ICSA2016), organized by the School of Architecture of the University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal (July 2016), to promote the synergy in the collaboration between the disciplines of architecture and structural engineering.