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Author: Gary J. Swanson
Publisher:
Published: 1989
Total Pages: 118
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKMulti-level diffractive phase have the potential to significantly improved the performance of many conventional lens systems. The theory, design and fabrication of these diffractive profiles are described in detail. Basic examples illustrate the potential usefulness, as well as the limitations, of these elements. Keywords: Binary optics; Diffractive optical elements.
Author: Gary J. Swanson
Publisher:
Published: 1991
Total Pages: 32
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKDiffractive optical elements are being considered as potential solutions to a number of optical design problems that are difficult or impossible to solve with conventional refractive and reflective elements. Two unique characteristics of diffractive elements can be exploited; the first is the dispersion property. Diffractive structures bend light rays of longer wavelengths more than those of shorter wavelengths, which is the reverse of refractive materials; therefore, diffractive structures minimize or eliminate the dispersive effects of refractive materials. The second unique characteristic is the relative ease with which arbitrary phase profiles can be implemented. Advances in both diamond turning technology and the use of semiconductor fabrication equipment have made possible the construction of a variety of diffractive elements. Diamond turning technology allows fabricating diffractive surfaces over large areas in a relatively short period of time. However, there are limitations: the phase profile has to be circularly symmetric, and the accuracy with which a diffractive profile can be made is dependent on the tip size of the diamond turning tool. Using semiconductor fabrication equipment to make diffractive elements has become a powerful technique. This particular approach produces a stepped approximation, referred to as a multilevel structure, to the ideal profile.
Author: Helen J. Cole
Publisher:
Published: 1993
Total Pages: 448
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe papers herein were presented at the Conference on Binary Optics held in Huntsville, AL, February 23-25, 1993. The papers were presented according to subject as follows: Modeling and Design, Fabrication, and Applications. Invited papers and tutorial viewgraphs presented on these subjects are included.
Author:
Publisher:
Published: 1994
Total Pages: 5
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe advent of micro- or binary optics technology has made possible the fabrication of a variety of new optical devices. Optical fabrication is no longer limited by surfaces that can be made by grinding and polishing, or even diamond turning. In fact, optics with no symmetry, no smooth surfaces, and that perform multiple functions can be readily fabricated. While these optics have a large number of applications, they are extremely useful for systems that require arrays of small optics or aperture multiplexing, since these are fabricated using computer controlled photo-lithography and etching processes. We have applied binary optics technology to construct various wavefront sensing using four mask processes to create 16 level optics. They are binary in the sense that they use discrete phase levels, not in the sense of using only two levels (they might more properly be called digital optics). We have found that 16 levels is adequate for most systems, giving greater than 99% of efficiency.
Author: Donald C. O'Shea
Publisher: SPIE Press
Published: 2004
Total Pages: 266
ISBN-13: 9780819451712
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book provides the reader with the broad range of materials that were discussed in a series of short courses presented at Georgia Tech on the design, fabrication, and testing of diffractive optical elements (DOEs). Although there are not long derivations or detailed methods for specific engineering calculations, the reader should be familiar and comfortable with basic computational techniques. This text is not a 'cookbook' for producing DOEs, but it should provide readers with sufficient information to assess whether this technology would benefit their work, and to understand the requirements for using the concepts and techniques presented by the authors.
Author: H. P. Herzig
Publisher: CRC Press
Published: 1997-04-26
Total Pages: 388
ISBN-13: 9780748404810
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis text examines the technology behind the plethora of modern industrial and domestic technologies which incorporate micro-optics eg. CDs, cameras, automated manufacturing systems, mobile communications etc. It includes a simple but comprehensive introduction to micro-optical developments design, and an overview of fabrication and replication technology. The theoretical, practical and industrial developments in micro-scale optoelectronics continue apace in the late 1990s. In this book, a distinguished group of physicists and engineers describe the current state of research and applications in micro-optics. It provides the theoretical background and an overview of current technology, with several chapters taking a deeper look at specific recent applications and future trends. The book concentrates on diffractive and refractive micro- optical elements, such as lenses, fan-out gratings, optimized phase elements and polarisers. Sections are included on the simulation and optimization of design for micro-optics and subsequently the efficient transformation from design to real optical elements, using techniques such as e-beam writing, laser beam writing, lithography, etching and thin film deposition.
Author: Xiujian Li
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2018-05-12
Total Pages: 303
ISBN-13: 981103849X
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book presents the principles, experimental technologies, up-to-date research findings and applications of various optical-computing technologies and devices. It also discusses semiconductor multiple quantum well (MQW) photoelectronic devices, vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs), lasers, micro optical elements and diffractive optical elements, optical storage, optical parallel interconnections, and optical-buffer technology as the main technologies for optical computing. Furthermore, it explores the potential of optical-computing technology. It offers those involved in optical design, photonics, and photoelectronic research and related industries insights into the fundamentals and theories of optical computing, enabling them and to extend and develop the functions of fundamental elements to meet the requirement of optical-computing systems.
Author: W. B. Veldkamp
Publisher:
Published: 1984
Total Pages: 8
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKBinary grating optics consist of microfine rectangular (high-low) relief patterns on a dielectric or a metallic surface. By controlling the depth, width and periodicity of the binary pattern, the amplitude and the phase of an electromagnetic wave can be controlled to produce a variety of optical transfer functions. The lithographic tools for fabrication of binary optics are the ones developed for VLSI circuit fabrication. From a single lithographic mask, planar replica optics can be made in quantity. This technology has broad applicability for tactical missile systems as well as for space systems. In addition to making optics cheaper than by conventional means, binary optics allows the fabrication of unique devices that cannot be made conventionally. These include high-speed rotary scanners, multiplexers, filters, beam shapers and coherent laser adders. The goal of this program is the development of high quality planar optical components using VLSI circuit fabrication techniques. The main elements of the plan are (1) the development of large aperture segmented and piezoelectrically active planar optical surfaces, (2) the development of raster scanning laser telescopes and extension to broadband applications, and (3) the application of diffractive optics technology to the coherent addition of beams from modular laser systems. This report covers progress in the setup of a reactive ion-beam etching laboratory, and the feasibility demonstrations of the coherent beam addition concept with gas lasers. Originator-supplied keywords include: binary optics, defraction.
Author:
Publisher:
Published: 1993
Total Pages: 0
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Nicholas F. Borrelli
Publisher: CRC Press
Published: 2017-11-13
Total Pages: 543
ISBN-13: 1420030906
DOWNLOAD EBOOKIt has been five years since the publication of the first edition of Microoptics Technology. In that time, optical technology has experienced an unparalleled burst of activity that has produced a body of significant real results that have advanced new materials, devices, and systems. Building on the foundation of the first edition, this comprehensive reference presents an introduction and review of the optics and methods of microoptic elements with particular emphasis on lenses and lens arrays. The author explores advances that emerged from the flurry of activity over the last five years. With two new chapters and another fully expanded, the book covers current and new methods of fabrication of microlenses, as well as refractive, GRIN, and diffractive methods. It also includes chapters on optical devices that utilize the microoptic fabrication methods, including micro-diffraction gratings and optical isolators, together with a discussion of a number of important applications. See what's new in the Second Edition: Coverage of negative refractive index materials Information on femto second laser interaction with materials Chapter on photonic crystal has been extensively expanded The first edition was the first resource to collect all microlens fabrication methods into a single volume. With more than 600 references, tables, equations, drawings, and photographs, Microoptics Technology, Second Edition replaces its predecessor as the gold standard reference in this field.
