Benign and Pathological Chromosomal Imbalances

Benign and Pathological Chromosomal Imbalances

Author: Thomas Liehr

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2013-08-31

Total Pages: 227

ISBN-13: 0124046843

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Benign & Pathological Chromosomal Imbalances systematically clarifies the disease implications of cytogenetically visible copy number variants (CG-CNV) using cytogenetic assessment of heterochromatic or euchromatic DNA variants. While variants of several megabasepair can be present in the human genome without clinical consequence, visually distinguishing these benign areas from disease implications does not always occur to practitioners accustomed to costly molecular profiling methods such as FISH, aCGH, and NGS. As technology-driven approaches like FISH and aCGH have yet to achieve the promise of universal coverage or cost efficacy to sample investigated, deep chromosome analysis and molecular cytogenetics remains relevant for technology translation, study design, and therapeutic assessment. Knowledge of the rare but recurrent rearrangements unfamiliar to practitioners saves time and money for molecular cytogeneticists and genetics counselors, helping to distinguish benign from harmful CG-CNV. It also supports them in deciding which molecular cytogenetics tools to deploy. - Shows how to define the inheritance and formation of cytogenetically visible copy number variations using cytogenetic and molecular approaches for genetic diagnostics, patient counseling, and treatment plan development - Uniquely classifies all known variants by chromosomal origin, saving time and money for researchers in reviewing benign and pathologic variants before costly molecular methods are used to investigate - Side-by-side comparison of copy number variants with their recently identified submicroscopic form, aiding technology assessment using aCGH and other techniques


Human Interphase Chromosomes

Human Interphase Chromosomes

Author: Ivan Iourov

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-01-29

Total Pages: 184

ISBN-13: 303062532X

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This second edition focuses on the study of human interphase chromosomes and its relation to health and disease. Orchestrated organization and behavior of the human genome in interphase nuclei at chromosomal level has been repeatedly shown to play a significant role in almost all basic biological processes involved in the processing and inheritance of genetic information within and between species. Accordingly, post-genomic bioscience appeals to basic and applied studies of interphase nuclei genetics and genomics with special attention to interphase chromosome behavior in health and disease. Additionally, elucidating the role of interphase chromosome behavior during development, chromosome/DNA replication, DNA reparation opens new horizons for basic and applied bioscience Studies of interphase nuclei have an appreciable impact on different areas of biomedical sciences such as cell biology, neurobiology, cancer research, developmental biology, epigenetics, cytogenetics, and medical genetics, as a whole. Moreover, development of innovative and emergent technologies to analyze interphase nuclei are closely associated with application of these techniques in diagnostic and research practices to solve reproductive problems (including infertility and spontaneous abortions), to investigate congenital malformations (including those produced by aneuploidy and other chromosome abnormalities); genetic diseases (including cardiac, immune, neurological and psychiatric diseases), and cancer. This second edition serves as a source of updated valuable information and promising ideas for a wide audience of professionals in biomedicine including researchers, scientists, and healthcare professionals in human genetics, cytogenetics, and developmental biology.


Evolution, Composition and Regulation of Supernumerary B Chromosomes

Evolution, Composition and Regulation of Supernumerary B Chromosomes

Author: Andreas Houben

Publisher: MDPI

Published: 2019-04-25

Total Pages: 254

ISBN-13: 3038977861

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Supernumerary B chromosomes (Bs) are dispensable genetic elements found in thousands of species of plants and animals, and some fungi. Since their discovery more than a century ago, they have been a source of puzzlement, as they only occur in some members of a population and are absent from others. When they do occur, they are often harmful, and in the absence of “selfishness”, based on mechanisms of mitotic and meiotic drive, there appears to be no obvious reason for their existence. Cytogeneticists have long wrestled with questions about the biological existence of these enigmatic elements, including their lack of any adaptive properties, apparent absence of functional genes, their origin, sequence organization, and co-evolution as nuclear parasites. Emerging new technologies are now enabling researchers to step up a gear, to look enthusiastically beyond the previous limits of the horizon, and to uncover the secrets of these “silent” chromosomes. This book provides a comprehensive guide to theoretical advancements in the field of B chromosome research in both animal and plant systems.


Textbook of Human Reproductive Genetics

Textbook of Human Reproductive Genetics

Author: Karen Sermon

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2014-04-10

Total Pages: 217

ISBN-13: 1107683580

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This book brings together genetics, reproductive biology and medicine for an integrative view of the emerging specialism of reproductive genetics.


Uniparental Disomy (UPD) in Clinical Genetics

Uniparental Disomy (UPD) in Clinical Genetics

Author: Thomas Liehr

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2014-06-26

Total Pages: 201

ISBN-13: 3642552889

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This book focus on genetic diagnostics for Uniparental Disomy (UPD), a chromosomal disorder defined by the exceptional presence of a chromosome pair derived from only one parent, which leads to a group of rare diseases in humans. First the molecular and cytogenetic background of UPD is described in detail; subsequently, all available information of the various chromosomal origins and the latest findings on genotype-phenotype correlations and clinical consequences are discussed. Numerous personal reports from families with a child suffering from a UPD-induced syndrome serve to complement the scientific and clinical aspects. Their experiences with genetic counseling and living with a family member affected by this chromosomal aberration present a vivid picture of what UPD means for its victims.


Cytogenomics

Cytogenomics

Author: Thomas Liehr

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2021-05-25

Total Pages: 430

ISBN-13: 0128235802

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Cytogenomics demonstrates that chromosomes are crucial in understanding the human genome and that new high-throughput approaches are central to advancing cytogenetics in the 21st century. After an introduction to (molecular) cytogenetics, being the basic of all cytogenomic research, this book highlights the strengths and newfound advantages of cytogenomic research methods and technologies, enabling researchers to jump-start their own projects and more effectively gather and interpret chromosomal data. Methods discussed include banding and molecular cytogenetics, molecular combing, molecular karyotyping, next-generation sequencing, epigenetic study approaches, optical mapping/karyomapping, and CRISPR-cas9 applications for cytogenomics. The book's second half demonstrates recent applications of cytogenomic techniques, such as characterizing 3D chromosome structure across different tissue types and insights into multilayer organization of chromosomes, role of repetitive elements and noncoding RNAs in human genome, studies in topologically associated domains, interchromosomal interactions, and chromoanagenesis. This book is an important reference source for researchers, students, basic and translational scientists, and clinicians in the areas of human genetics, genomics, reproductive medicine, gynecology, obstetrics, internal medicine, oncology, bioinformatics, medical genetics, and prenatal testing, as well as genetic counselors, clinical laboratory geneticists, bioethicists, and fertility specialists. - Offers applied approaches empowering a new generation of cytogenomic research using a balanced combination of classical and advanced technologies - Provides a framework for interpreting chromosome structure and how this affects the functioning of the genome in health and disease - Features chapter contributions from international leaders in the field


Cytogenetics and Molecular Cytogenetics

Cytogenetics and Molecular Cytogenetics

Author: Thomas Liehr

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2022-12-07

Total Pages: 422

ISBN-13: 1000800407

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Genomic technologies provide the means of diagnosis and management of many human diseases. Without insights from cytogenetics, correct interpretation of modern high-throughput results is difficult, if not impossible. This book summarizes applications of cytogenetics and molecular cytogenetics for students, clinicians and researchers in genetics, genomics and diagnostics. The book combines the state-of-the-art knowledge and practical expertise from leading researchers and clinicians and provides a comprehensive overview of current medical and research applications of many of these technologies. KEY FEATURES • Provides clear summaries of fluorescence in situ hybridization technologies and others • Comprehensively covers established and emerging methods • Chapters from an international team of leading researchers • Useful for students, researchers and clinicians


Systemic Sclerosis - Recent Advances and New Perspectives

Systemic Sclerosis - Recent Advances and New Perspectives

Author: Katja Perdan Pirkmajer

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2024-05-15

Total Pages: 132

ISBN-13: 1837696705

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Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multisystem autoimmune disease involving vasculopathy and immune activation that leads to the deposition of extracellular matrix and the development of fibrosis, resulting in cardinal clinical problems. Systemic Sclerosis - Recent Advances and New Perspectives provides a comprehensive overview of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and specific management of the clinical manifestations of SSc. The book addresses the current understanding of the causes and consequences of inflammatory activation, chromosomal instability, and activating factors. Special emphasis is placed on diagnosis, from the recognition of very early systemic sclerosis and consideration of its treatment to diagnostic methods for microvascular and pulmonary involvement. It also highlights the less life-threatening but very common manifestations of bone and skeletal muscle involvement, which affect patient quality of life.


Cutaneous Adnexal Neoplasms

Cutaneous Adnexal Neoplasms

Author: Luis Requena

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2017-12-28

Total Pages: 1052

ISBN-13: 3319457047

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This superbly illustrated book is the most comprehensive available guide to adnexal neoplasms of the skin. More than 70 entities are described in individual chapters that follow a uniform structure: historical review, clinical features, histopathology, histogenesis, immunohistochemistry, molecular anomalies, and treatment. Readers will find state of the art knowledge on all aspects, including the cytogenetic and chromosomal abnormalities associated with each neoplasm. Without exception, the illustrations are high-quality, full-color, original digital pictures. The histopathology images are taken from perfectly cut and stained sections and the immunohistochemistry illustrations are of an unrivalled quality among textbooks of dermatology and dermatopathology. A complete list of references from original description to the present day is also supplied for each neoplasm. Cutaneous adnexal neoplasms are a large and heterogeneous group of benign and malignant lesions. This book will assist the reader in early and correct recognition, which is essential for appropriate choice of treatment and prognostic assessment.