Approximation of Population Processes

Approximation of Population Processes

Author: Thomas G. Kurtz

Publisher: SIAM

Published: 1981-02-01

Total Pages: 76

ISBN-13: 089871169X

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This monograph considers approximations that are possible when the number of particles in population processes is large


Approximation and Weak Convergence Methods for Random Processes, with Applications to Stochastic Systems Theory

Approximation and Weak Convergence Methods for Random Processes, with Applications to Stochastic Systems Theory

Author: Harold Joseph Kushner

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 1984

Total Pages: 296

ISBN-13: 9780262110907

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Control and communications engineers, physicists, and probability theorists, among others, will find this book unique. It contains a detailed development of approximation and limit theorems and methods for random processes and applies them to numerous problems of practical importance. In particular, it develops usable and broad conditions and techniques for showing that a sequence of processes converges to a Markov diffusion or jump process. This is useful when the natural physical model is quite complex, in which case a simpler approximation la diffusion process, for example) is usually made. The book simplifies and extends some important older methods and develops some powerful new ones applicable to a wide variety of limit and approximation problems. The theory of weak convergence of probability measures is introduced along with general and usable methods (for example, perturbed test function, martingale, and direct averaging) for proving tightness and weak convergence. Kushner's study begins with a systematic development of the method. It then treats dynamical system models that have state-dependent noise or nonsmooth dynamics. Perturbed Liapunov function methods are developed for stability studies of nonMarkovian problems and for the study of asymptotic distributions of non-Markovian systems. Three chapters are devoted to applications in control and communication theory (for example, phase-locked loops and adoptive filters). Smallnoise problems and an introduction to the theory of large deviations and applications conclude the book. Harold J. Kushner is Professor of Applied Mathematics and Engineering at Brown University and is one of the leading researchers in the area of stochastic processes concerned with analysis and synthesis in control and communications theory. This book is the sixth in The MIT Press Series in Signal Processing, Optimization, and Control, edited by Alan S. Willsky.


Aging and the Macroeconomy

Aging and the Macroeconomy

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2013-01-10

Total Pages: 230

ISBN-13: 0309261961

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The United States is in the midst of a major demographic shift. In the coming decades, people aged 65 and over will make up an increasingly large percentage of the population: The ratio of people aged 65+ to people aged 20-64 will rise by 80%. This shift is happening for two reasons: people are living longer, and many couples are choosing to have fewer children and to have those children somewhat later in life. The resulting demographic shift will present the nation with economic challenges, both to absorb the costs and to leverage the benefits of an aging population. Aging and the Macroeconomy: Long-Term Implications of an Older Population presents the fundamental factors driving the aging of the U.S. population, as well as its societal implications and likely long-term macroeconomic effects in a global context. The report finds that, while population aging does not pose an insurmountable challenge to the nation, it is imperative that sensible policies are implemented soon to allow companies and households to respond. It offers four practical approaches for preparing resources to support the future consumption of households and for adapting to the new economic landscape.


The Cahn–Hilliard Equation: Recent Advances and Applications

The Cahn–Hilliard Equation: Recent Advances and Applications

Author: Alain Miranville

Publisher: SIAM

Published: 2019-09-09

Total Pages: 231

ISBN-13: 1611975921

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This is the first book to present a detailed discussion of both classical and recent results on the popular Cahn–Hilliard equation and some of its variants. The focus is on mathematical analysis of Cahn–Hilliard models, with an emphasis on thermodynamically relevant logarithmic nonlinear terms, for which several questions are still open. Initially proposed in view of applications to materials science, the Cahn–Hilliard equation is now applied in many other areas, including image processing, biology, ecology, astronomy, and chemistry. In particular, the author addresses applications to image inpainting and tumor growth. Many chapters include open problems and directions for future research. The Cahn-Hilliard Equation: Recent Advances and Applications is intended for graduate students and researchers in applied mathematics, especially those interested in phase separation models and their generalizations and applications to other fields. Materials scientists also will find this text of interest.


Branching Processes

Branching Processes

Author: Patsy Haccou

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2005-05-19

Total Pages: 342

ISBN-13: 9780521832205

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This book covers the mathematical idea of branching processes, and tailors it for a biological audience.


Automata, Languages, and Programming

Automata, Languages, and Programming

Author: Javier Esparza

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2014-06-11

Total Pages: 1122

ISBN-13: 3662439484

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This two-volume set of LNCS 8572 and LNCS 8573 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 41st International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming, ICALP 2014, held in Copenhagen, Denmark, in July 2014. The total of 136 revised full papers presented together with 4 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 484 submissions. The papers are organized in three tracks focussing on Algorithms, Complexity, and Games, Logic, Semantics, Automata, and Theory of Programming, Foundations of Networked Computation.


Arithmetic Complexity of Computations

Arithmetic Complexity of Computations

Author: Shmuel Winograd

Publisher: SIAM

Published: 1980-01-01

Total Pages: 96

ISBN-13: 9781611970364

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Focuses on finding the minimum number of arithmetic operations needed to perform the computation and on finding a better algorithm when improvement is possible. The author concentrates on that class of problems concerned with computing a system of bilinear forms. Results that lead to applications in the area of signal processing are emphasized, since (1) even a modest reduction in the execution time of signal processing problems could have practical significance; (2) results in this area are relatively new and are scattered in journal articles; and (3) this emphasis indicates the flavor of complexity of computation.


An Algorithmic Theory of Numbers, Graphs, and Convexity

An Algorithmic Theory of Numbers, Graphs, and Convexity

Author: Laszlo Lovasz

Publisher: SIAM

Published: 1986-01-01

Total Pages: 96

ISBN-13: 9781611970203

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A study of how complexity questions in computing interact with classical mathematics in the numerical analysis of issues in algorithm design. Algorithmic designers concerned with linear and nonlinear combinatorial optimization will find this volume especially useful. Two algorithms are studied in detail: the ellipsoid method and the simultaneous diophantine approximation method. Although both were developed to study, on a theoretical level, the feasibility of computing some specialized problems in polynomial time, they appear to have practical applications. The book first describes use of the simultaneous diophantine method to develop sophisticated rounding procedures. Then a model is described to compute upper and lower bounds on various measures of convex bodies. Use of the two algorithms is brought together by the author in a study of polyhedra with rational vertices. The book closes with some applications of the results to combinatorial optimization.


Geometric Probability

Geometric Probability

Author: Herbert Solomon

Publisher: SIAM

Published: 1978-01-01

Total Pages: 180

ISBN-13: 9781611970418

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Topics include: ways modern statistical procedures can yield estimates of pi more precisely than the original Buffon procedure traditionally used; the question of density and measure for random geometric elements that leave probability and expectation statements invariant under translation and rotation; the number of random line intersections in a plane and their angles of intersection; developments due to W.L. Stevens's ingenious solution for evaluating the probability that n random arcs of size a cover a unit circumference completely; the development of M.W. Crofton's mean value theorem and its applications in classical problems; and an interesting problem in geometrical probability presented by a karyograph.