Anti-Semitism in the Third Reich

Anti-Semitism in the Third Reich

Author: Herman Graml

Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell

Published: 1992-11-10

Total Pages: 224

ISBN-13: 9780631185062

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This book is a history of the course of antisemitism in the Third Reich of Germany. It is also an investigation of the origins of antisemitism in German thought and society from the late 18th century to its maturity in the pathological hatred embodied in Nazi ideology and policy. The book opens with a graphic account of the Reichskristallnacht. On 9 November 1938 in a series of carefully worded orders the National Socialist party instructed the Sturmabteilung (the SA) to destroy Jewish businesses and to burn synagogues. The police and fire brigades were instructed not to intervene. The press were invited to attend. Throughout that night all over Germany Jewish property was burnt and the Jews baited, bullied and beaten, some drowned in rivers and canals, others incarcerated for transport to concentration camps. The Reichskristallnacht, Dr. Graml argues, marked the turning point between persecution and the Holocaust. Using evidence drawn from a wide range of confidential documents, diaries and secret reports he examines the long series of events that led up to it and the inexorable progress thereafter to the Holocaust. He also faces the vexed question as to how far the systematic attempt to exterminate the Jewish peoples of Europe was an expression of Nazi policy and how far the ill of the people. This powerful book will be of compelling interest to all students of the history of the twentieth century. It is fully referenced and indexed, and appended with a selection of contemporary documents, a guide to primary and secondary sources, and a chronology.


Studying the Jew

Studying the Jew

Author: Alan E. Steinweis

Publisher: Harvard University Press

Published: 2008-03-15

Total Pages: 214

ISBN-13: 0674043995

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Early in his political career, Adolf Hitler declared the importance of what he called “an antisemitism of reason.” Determined not to rely solely on traditional, cruder forms of prejudice against Jews, he hoped that his exclusionary and violent policies would be legitimized by scientific scholarship. The result was a disturbing, and long-overlooked, aspect of National Socialism: Nazi Jewish Studies. Studying the Jew investigates the careers of a few dozen German scholars who forged an interdisciplinary field, drawing upon studies in anthropology, biology, religion, history, and the social sciences to create a comprehensive portrait of the Jew—one with devastating consequences. Working within the universities and research institutions of the Third Reich, these men fabricated an elaborate empirical basis for Nazi antisemitic policies. They supported the Nazi campaign against Jews by defining them as racially alien, morally corrupt, and inherently criminal. In a chilling story of academics who perverted their talents and distorted their research in support of persecution and genocide, Studying the Jew explores the intersection of ideology and scholarship, the state and the university, the intellectual and his motivations, to provide a new appreciation of the use and abuse of learning and the horrors perpetrated in the name of reason.


Antisemitism in Film Comedy in Nazi Germany

Antisemitism in Film Comedy in Nazi Germany

Author: Valerie Weinstein

Publisher: Indiana University Press

Published: 2019-03-05

Total Pages: 298

ISBN-13: 0253040736

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Today many Germans remain nostalgic about "classic" film comedies created during the 1930s, viewing them as a part of the Nazi era that was not tainted with antisemitism. In Antisemitism in Film Comedy in Nazi Germany, Valerie Weinstein scrutinizes these comic productions and demonstrates that film comedy, despite its innocent appearance, was a critical component in the effort to separate "Jews" from "Germans" physically, economically, and artistically. Weinstein highlights how the German propaganda ministry used directives, pre- and post-production censorship, financial incentives, and influence over film critics and their judgments to replace Jewish "wit" with a slower, simpler, and more direct German "humor" that affirmed values that the Nazis associated with the Aryan race. Through contextualized analyses of historical documents and individual films, Weinstein reveals how humor, coded hints and traces, absences, and substitutes in Third Reich film comedy helped spectators imagine an abstract "Jewishness" and a "German" identity and community free from the former. As resurgent populist nationalism and overt racism continue to grow around the world today, Weinstein's study helps us rethink racism and prejudice in popular culture and reconceptualize the relationships between film humor, national identity, and race.


The Poisonous Mushroom

The Poisonous Mushroom

Author: Julius Streicher

Publisher:

Published: 2017-07-29

Total Pages: 64

ISBN-13: 9781974027026

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The Poisonous Mushroom is translated from the Third Reich original Der Giftpilz. That rare picture book, published by the St�rmer Verlag of Julius Streicher, is much sought after by collectors. Softcover. 64pp.


The Jewish Enemy

The Jewish Enemy

Author: Jeffrey Herf

Publisher: Harvard University Press

Published: 2008-04-30

Total Pages: 428

ISBN-13: 9780674038592

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The sheer magnitude of the Holocaust has commanded our attention for the past sixty years. The extent of atrocities, however, has overshadowed the calculus Nazis used to justify their deeds. According to German wartime media, it was German citizens who were targeted for extinction by a vast international conspiracy. Leading the assault was an insidious, belligerent Jewish clique, so crafty and powerful that it managed to manipulate the actions of Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin. Hitler portrayed the Holocaust as a defensive act, a necessary move to destroy the Jews before they destroyed Germany. Joseph Goebbels, Minister of Propaganda, and Otto Dietrich’s Press Office translated this fanatical vision into a coherent cautionary narrative, which the Nazi propaganda machine disseminated into the recesses of everyday life. Calling on impressive archival research, Jeffrey Herf recreates the wall posters that Germans saw while waiting for the streetcar, the radio speeches they heard at home or on the street, the headlines that blared from newsstands. The Jewish Enemy is the first extensive study of how anti-Semitism pervaded and shaped Nazi propaganda during World War II and the Holocaust, and how it pulled together the diverse elements of a delusionary Nazi worldview. Here we find an original and haunting exposition of the ways in which Hitler legitimized war and genocide to his own people, as necessary to destroy an allegedly omnipotent Jewish foe. In an era when both anti-Semitism and conspiracy theories continue to influence world politics, Herf offers a timely reminder of their dangers along with a fresh interpretation of the paranoia underlying the ideology of the Third Reich.


The Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion

The Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion

Author: Sergei Nilus

Publisher:

Published: 2019-02-26

Total Pages: 96

ISBN-13: 9781947844964

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"The Protocols of the Elders of Zion" is almost certainly fiction, but its impact was not. Originating in Russia, it landed in the English-speaking world where it caused great consternation. Much is made of German anti-semitism, but there was fertile soil for "The Protocols" across Europe and even in America, thanks to Henry Ford and others.


Anti-Semitism and Schooling Under the Third Reich

Anti-Semitism and Schooling Under the Third Reich

Author: Gregory Wegner

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2014-02-04

Total Pages: 285

ISBN-13: 1135723109

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This book investigates the anti-Semitic foundations of Nazi curricula for elementary schools, with a focus on the subjects of biology, history, and literature. Gregory Paul Wegner argues that any study of Nazi society and its values must probe the education provided by the regime. Schools, according to Wegner, play a major role in advancing ideological justifications for mass murder, and in legitimizing a culture of ethnic and racial hatred. Using a variety of primary sources, Wegner provides a vivid account of the development of Nazi education.


Roots of Hate

Roots of Hate

Author: William Brustein

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2003-10-13

Total Pages: 404

ISBN-13: 9780521774789

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William I. Brustein offers the first truly systematic comparative and empirical examination of anti-Semitism within Europe before the Holocaust. Brustein proposes that European anti-Semitism flowed from religious, racial, economic, and political roots, which became enflamed by economic distress, rising Jewish immigration, and socialist success. To support his arguments, Brustein draws upon a careful and extensive examination of the annual volumes of the American Jewish Year Books and more than 40 years of newspaper reportage from Europe's major dailies. The findings of this informative book offer a fresh perspective on the roots of society's longest hatred.


Hitler's Willing Executioners

Hitler's Willing Executioners

Author: Daniel Jonah Goldhagen

Publisher: Vintage

Published: 2007-12-18

Total Pages: 656

ISBN-13: 0307426238

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This groundbreaking international bestseller lays to rest many myths about the Holocaust: that Germans were ignorant of the mass destruction of Jews, that the killers were all SS men, and that those who slaughtered Jews did so reluctantly. Hitler's Willing Executioners provides conclusive evidence that the extermination of European Jewry engaged the energies and enthusiasm of tens of thousands of ordinary Germans. Goldhagen reconstructs the climate of "eliminationist anti-Semitism" that made Hitler's pursuit of his genocidal goals possible and the radical persecution of the Jews during the 1930s popular. Drawing on a wealth of unused archival materials, principally the testimony of the killers themselves, Goldhagen takes us into the killing fields where Germans voluntarily hunted Jews like animals, tortured them wantonly, and then posed cheerfully for snapshots with their victims. From mobile killing units, to the camps, to the death marches, Goldhagen shows how ordinary Germans, nurtured in a society where Jews were seen as unalterable evil and dangerous, willingly followed their beliefs to their logical conclusion. "Hitler's Willing Executioner's is an original, indeed brilliant contribution to the...literature on the Holocaust."--New York Review of Books "The most important book ever published about the Holocaust...Eloquently written, meticulously documented, impassioned...A model of moral and scholarly integrity."--Philadelphia Inquirer