The Question of Animal Culture

The Question of Animal Culture

Author: Kevin N. Laland

Publisher: Harvard University Press

Published: 2009-02-16

Total Pages: 368

ISBN-13: 9780674031265

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Fifty years ago, a troop of Japanese macaques was observed washing sandy sweet potatoes in a stream, sending ripples through the fields of ethology, comparative psychology, and cultural anthropology. The issue of animal culture has been hotly debated ever since. Now Kevin Laland and Bennett Galef have gathered key voices in the often rancorous debate to summarize the views along the continuum from “Culture? Of course!” to “Culture? Of course not!” The result is essential reading for anyone interested in the validity of animal culture, and what it might say about our own.


Animal Traditions

Animal Traditions

Author: Eytan Avital

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2000-11-23

Total Pages: 448

ISBN-13: 1139431617

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Animal Traditions maintains that the assumption that the selection of genes supplies both a sufficient explanation of the evolution and a true description of its course is, despite its almost universal acclaim, wrong. Eytan Avital and Eva Jablonka contend that evolutionary explanations must take into account the well-established fact that in mammals and birds, the transfer of learnt information is both ubiquitous and indispensable. The introduction of the behavioural inheritance system into the Darwinian explanatory scheme enables the authors to offer new interpretations for common behaviours such as maternal behaviours, behavioural conflicts within families, adoption and helping. This approach offers a richer view of heredity and evolution, integrates developmental and evolutionary processes, suggests new lines for research, and provides a constructive alternative to both the selfish gene and meme views of the world. It will make stimulating reading for all those interested in evolutionary biology, sociobiology, behavioural ecology and psychology.


Mobilizing Traditions in the First Wave of the British Animal Defense Movement

Mobilizing Traditions in the First Wave of the British Animal Defense Movement

Author: Chien-hui Li

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2019-06-11

Total Pages: 367

ISBN-13: 1137526513

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This book explores the British animal defense movement’s mobilization of the cultural and intellectual traditions of its time- from Christianity and literature, to natural history, evolutionism and political radicalism- in its struggle for the cause of animals in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Each chapter examines the process whereby the animal protection movement interpreted and drew upon varied intellectual, moral and cultural resources in order to achieve its manifold objectives, participate in the ongoing re-creation of the current traditions of thought, and re-shape human-animal relations in wider society. Placing at its center of analysis the movement’s mediating power in relation to its surrounding traditions, Li’s original perspective uncovers the oft-ignored cultural work of the movement whilst restoring its agency in explaining social change. Looking forward, it points at the same time to the potential of all traditions, through ongoing mobilization, to effect change in the human-animal relations of the future.


Becoming Wild

Becoming Wild

Author: Carl Safina

Publisher: Henry Holt and Company

Published: 2020-04-14

Total Pages: 384

ISBN-13: 1250173345

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A NEW YORK TIMES NOTABLE BOOK OF 2020 "In this superbly articulate cri de coeur, Safina gives us a new way of looking at the natural world that is radically different."—The Washington Post New York Times bestselling author Carl Safina brings readers close to three non-human cultures—what they do, why they do it, and how life is for them. A New York Times Notable Books of 2020 Some believe that culture is strictly a human phenomenon. But this book reveals cultures of other-than-human beings in some of Earth’s remaining wild places. It shows how if you’re a sperm whale, a scarlet macaw, or a chimpanzee, you too come to understand yourself as an individual within a particular community that does things in specific ways, that has traditions. Alongside genes, culture is a second form of inheritance, passed through generations as pools of learned knowledge. As situations change, social learning—culture—allows behaviors to adjust much faster than genes can adapt. Becoming Wild brings readers into intimate proximity with various nonhuman individuals in their free-living communities. It presents a revelatory account of how animals function beyond our usual view. Safina shows that for non-humans and humans alike, culture comprises the answers to the question, “How do we live here?” It unites individuals within a group identity. But cultural groups often seek to avoid, or even be hostile toward, other factions. By showing that this is true across species, Safina illuminates why human cultural tensions remain maddeningly intractable despite the arbitrariness of many of our differences. Becoming Wild takes readers behind the curtain of life on Earth, to witness from a new vantage point the most world-saving of perceptions: how we are all connected.


The Feminist Care Tradition in Animal Ethics

The Feminist Care Tradition in Animal Ethics

Author: Josephine Donovan

Publisher: Columbia University Press

Published: 2007

Total Pages: 404

ISBN-13: 9780231140393

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In Beyond Animal Rights, Josephine Donovan and Carol J. Adams introduced feminist "ethic of care" theory into philosophical discussions of the treatment of animals. In this new volume, seven essays from Beyond Animal Rights are joined by nine new articles-most of which were written in response to that book-and a new introduction that situates feminist animal care theory within feminist theory and the larger debate over animal rights. Contributors critique theorists' reliance on natural rights doctrine and utilitarianism, which, they suggest, have a masculine bias. They argue for ethical attentiveness and sympathy in our relationships with animals and propose a link between the continuing subjugation of women and the human domination of nature. Beginning with the earliest articulation of the idea in the mid-1980s and continuing to the theory's most recent revisions, this volume presents the most complete portrait of the evolution of the feminist-care tradition.


Culture of Animal Cells

Culture of Animal Cells

Author: R. Ian Freshney

Publisher: Wiley-Liss

Published: 1993-12-29

Total Pages: 510

ISBN-13: 9780471589662

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This masterful third edition of Freshney's Culture of Animal Cells updates and considerably expands the scope of its predecessor and still enables both the novice and the experiences researcher to apply the basic and more sophisticated techniques of tissue culture. New Topics covered include: the use of molecular techniques in cell culture, such as DNA fingerprinting, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and chromosome painting cell interactions in cell culture new methods for separating cells new or refined methods for accessing cytotoxicity, viability, and mutagenicity experimental details for culture of specialized cells types not covered in previous editions new or refined techniques for visualizing clues, including time-lapse photography and confocal microscopy The revised and expanded third edition offers the following features: over 350 new reference to the primary literature an international list of cell banks an international listing of reagants and commercial supplies a subject index a glossary Also available: 0471169021 Culture of Animal Cells: A Multimedia Guide CD-ROM $150 est. From the reviews: "I strongly recommend this volume for any laboratory wishing to culture mammalian cells" - Biotechnology "It is not very often that it is possible to say of a book, 'I don't know how I managed without it previously.' Here is such a book" - Cell Biology International Reports


The Evolution of Culture in Animals

The Evolution of Culture in Animals

Author: John Tyler Bonner

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 1980

Total Pages: 218

ISBN-13: 9780691023731

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Animals do have culture, maintains this delightfully illustrated and provocative book, which cites a number of fascinating instances of animal communication and learning. John Bonner traces the origins of culture back to the early biological evolution of animals and provides examples of five categories of behavior leading to nonhuman culture: physical dexterity, relations with other species, auditory communication within a species, geographic locations, and inventions or innovations. Defining culture as the transmission of information by behavioral rather than genetical means, he demonstrates the continuum between the traits we find in animals and those we often consider uniquely human.


Animal Social Complexity

Animal Social Complexity

Author: Frans B. M. De Waal

Publisher: Harvard University Press

Published: 2009-06-01

Total Pages: 650

ISBN-13: 9780674034129

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For over 25 years, primatologists have speculated that intelligence, at least in monkeys and apes, evolved as an adaptation to the complicated social milieu of hard-won friendships and bitterly contested rivalries. Yet the Balkanization of animal research has prevented us from studying the same problem in other large-brained, long-lived animals, such as hyenas and elephants, bats and sperm whales. Social complexity turns out to be widespread indeed. For example, in many animal societies one individual's innovation, such as tool use or a hunting technique, may spread within the group, thus creating a distinct culture. As this collection of studies on a wide range of species shows, animals develop a great variety of traditions, which in turn affect fitness and survival. The editors argue that future research into complex animal societies and intelligence will change the perception of animals as gene machines, programmed to act in particular ways and perhaps elevate them to a status much closer to our own. At a time when humans are perceived more biologically than ever before, and animals as more cultural, are we about to witness the dawn of a truly unified social science, one with a distinctly cross-specific perspective?


Animal Musicalities

Animal Musicalities

Author: Rachel Mundy

Publisher: Wesleyan University Press

Published: 2018-06-05

Total Pages: 281

ISBN-13: 0819578088

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Over the past century and a half, the voices and bodies of animals have been used by scientists and music experts as a benchmark for measures of natural difference. Animal Musicalities traces music's taxonomies from Darwin to digital bird guides to show how animal song has become the starting point for enduring evaluations of species, races, and cultures. By examining the influential efforts made by a small group of men and women to define human diversity in relation to animal voices, this book raises profound questions about the creation of modern human identity, and the foundations of modern humanism.


The Evolution of Culture

The Evolution of Culture

Author: Stefan Linquist

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2017-03-02

Total Pages: 659

ISBN-13: 135189014X

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Recent years have seen a transformation in thinking about the nature of culture. Rather than viewing culture in opposition to biology, a growing number of researchers now regard culture as subject to evolutionary processes. Recent developments in this field have shifted some of the traditional academic fault lines. Alliances are forming between researchers trained in anthropology, evolutionary biology, psychology and philosophy. Meanwhile, several distinct schools of thought have appeared which differ in their vision of what an evolutionary approach to culture should look like. This volume contains some of the most influential publications on these subjects from the past few decades. A theoretical background chapter and critical introduction identify the core issues at stake in the new study of cultural evolution. These chapters are followed by sections on each of the four dominant approaches: the phylogenetic approach, memetics, dual inheritance theory and niche construction. Following these are two chapters on closely related topics: the psychological mechanisms of culture and the existence of culture in non-human animals. Overall, this volume provides an up to date overview of some of the most exciting trends in contemporary evolutionary thought.