An Introduction to X-Ray Physics, Optics, and Applications
An Introduction to X-Ray Physics, Optics, and Applications

Author: Carolyn A. MacDonald

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2017-06-13

Total Pages: 368

ISBN-13: 1400887739

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In this book, Carolyn A. MacDonald provides a comprehensive introduction to the physics of a wide range of x-ray applications, optics, and analysis tools. Theory is applied to practical considerations of optics and applications ranging from astronomy to medical imaging and materials analysis. Emphasizing common physical concepts that underpin diverse phenomena and applications of x-ray physics, the book opens with a look at nuclear medicine, motivating further investigations into scattering, detection, and noise statistics. The second section explores topics in x-ray generation, including characteristic emission, x-ray fluorescence analysis, bremsstrahlung emission, and synchrotron and laser sources. The third section details the main forms of interaction, including the physics of photoelectric absorption, coherent and Compton scattering, diffraction, and refractive, reflective, and diffractive optics. Applications in this section include x-ray spectroscopy, crystallography, and dose and contrast in radiography. A bibliography is included at the end of every chapter, and solutions to chapter problems are provided in the appendix. Based on a course for advanced undergraduates and graduate students in physics and related sciences and also intended for researchers, An Introduction to X-Ray Physics, Optics, and Applications offers a thorough survey of the physics of x-ray generation and of interaction with materials. Common aspects of diverse phenomena emphasized Theoretical development tied to practical applications Suitable for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in physics or related sciences, as well as researchers Examples and problems include applications drawn from medicine, astronomy, and materials analysis Detailed solutions are provided for all examples and problems

An Introduction to X-ray Physics, Optics, and Applications
An Introduction to X-ray Physics, Optics, and Applications

Author: Carolyn Ann MacDonald

Publisher:

Published: 2017

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 9781523124596

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In this book, Carolyn A. MacDonald provides a comprehensive introduction to the physics of a wide range of x-ray applications, optics, and analysis tools. Theory is applied to practical considerations of optics and applications ranging from astronomy to medical imaging and materials analysis. Emphasizing common physical concepts that underpin diverse phenomena and applications of x-ray physics, the book opens with a look at nuclear medicine, motivating further investigations into scattering, detection, and noise statistics. The second section explores topics in x-ray generation, including characteristic emission, x-ray fluorescence analysis, bremsstrahlung emission, and synchrotron and laser sources. The third section details the main forms of interaction, including the physics of photoelectric absorption, coherent and Compton scattering, diffraction, and refractive, reflective, and diffractive optics. Applications in this section include x-ray spectroscopy, crystallography, and dose and contrast in radiography. A bibliography is included at the end of every chapter, and solutions to chapter problems are provided in the appendix. Based on a course for advanced undergraduates and graduate students in physics and related sciences and also intended for researchers, An Introduction to X-Ray Physics, Optics, and Applications offers a thorough survey of the physics of x-ray generation and of interaction with materials.Common aspects of diverse phenomena emphasizedTheoretical development tied to practical applications Suitable for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in physics or related sciences, as well as researchersExamples and problems include applications drawn from medicine, astronomy, and materials analysisDetailed solutions are provided for all examples and problems.

X-Ray Optics
X-Ray Optics

Author: Yuri Shvyd'ko

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2013-11-11

Total Pages: 416

ISBN-13: 3540408908

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The use of x rays has moved in the forefront of science and technology in the second half of the 20th century. This progress has been greatly stimulated by the advent of synchrotron x-ray sources in the 1960s. The undulator-based synchrotron radiation sources which have appeared in the last decade of the 20th century gave a new impetus to such development. The brilliance of the x-ray sources has increased by 12 orders of magnitude in 40 years and this trend does not show any signs of stagnation. The future x-ray sources of the 21th century based on free-electron lasers driven by linear accelerators will provide sub-picosecond radiation pulses with by many orders of magnitude higher brilliance and full transverse coherence. The x-ray sources of the newest generation offer a possibility to realize more than ever before the great potential of x-ray optics and, as a consequence, to elaborate new sophisticated instrumentation with unprecedented resolution and eventually to move in new directions of research in x-ray technology, materials science, fundamental physics, life sciences, etc.

Nonlinear Optics, Quantum Optics, and Ultrafast Phenomena with X-Rays
Nonlinear Optics, Quantum Optics, and Ultrafast Phenomena with X-Rays

Author: Bernhard Adams

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 348

ISBN-13: 1461503876

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Nonlinear Optics, Quantum Optics, and Ultrafast Phenomena with X-Rays is an introduction to cutting-edge science that is beginning to emerge on state-of-the-art synchrotron radiation facilities and will come to flourish with the x-ray free-electron lasers currently being planned. It is intended for the use by scientists at synchrotron radiation facilities working with the combination of x-rays and lasers and those preparing for the science at x-ray free-electron lasers. In the past decade synchrotron radiation sources have experienced a tremendous increase in their brilliance and other figures of merit. This progress, driven strongly by the scientific applications, is still going on and may actually be accelerating with the advent of x-ray free-electron lasers. As a result, a confluence of x-ray and laser physics is taking place, due to the increasing importance of laser concepts, such as coherence and nonlinear optics to the x-ray community and the importance of x-ray optics to the laser-generation of ultrashort pulses of x-rays.

Photon Counting Detectors for X-ray Imaging
Photon Counting Detectors for X-ray Imaging

Author: Hiroaki Hayashi

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-02-15

Total Pages: 119

ISBN-13: 3030626806

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This book first provides readers with an introduction to the underlying physics and state-of-the-art application of photon counting detectors for X-ray imaging. The authors explain that a photon-counting imaging detector can realize quantitative analysis because the detector can derive X-ray attenuation information based on the analysis of intensity changes of individual X-ray. To realize this analysis, it is important to consider the physics of an object and detector material. In this book, the authors introduce a novel analytical procedure to create quantitative X-ray images for medical diagnosis.

X-Ray Optics for Science and Technology
X-Ray Optics for Science and Technology

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 1993

Total Pages: 21

ISBN-13:

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Funded by an AFOSR Center of Excellence grant, the University of California has conducted research on soft x-ray physics, optics and applications thereof to the physical and life sciences. The work was led by faculty with joint appointments at the University of California at Berkeley (UCB) and the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (LBL). The program involved seven Ph. D. students and 45 undergraduate students from several UCB departments (Physics, Electrical Engineering, Materials Science, Nuclear Engineering, Biophysics) as well as the new Ph. D. program in Applied Science and Technology. As part of the training program to bring students into this new research area, several new courses have been initiated on the UCB campus: (1) Introduction to X-ray physics and technology (3 units); (2) Soft X-rays, nanostructures and applications (1 unit); (3) X-ray microscopy and EUV lithography (1 unit); and (4) Applied science and technology seminar (1 unit).

X-ray Microscopy
X-ray Microscopy

Author: Chris Jacobsen

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2019-12-19

Total Pages: 595

ISBN-13: 110878173X

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Written by a pioneer in the field, this text provides a complete introduction to X-ray microscopy, providing all of the technical background required to use, understand and even develop X-ray microscopes. Starting from the basics of X-ray physics and focusing optics, it goes on to cover imaging theory, tomography, chemical and elemental analysis, lensless imaging, computational methods, instrumentation, radiation damage, and cryomicroscopy, and includes a survey of recent scientific applications. Designed as a 'one-stop' text, it provides a unified notation, and shows how computational methods in different areas are linked with one another. Including numerous derivations, and illustrated with dozens of examples throughout, this is an essential text for academics and practitioners across engineering, the physical sciences and the life sciences who use X-ray microscopy to analyze their specimens, as well as those taking courses in X-ray microscopy.

X-Ray Spectroscopy
X-Ray Spectroscopy

Author: Bipin K. Agarwal

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2013-06-29

Total Pages: 421

ISBN-13: 3540386688

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X-ray spectroscopy has emerged as a powerful tool in research and in industrial laboratories. It is used in the study of metals, semiconductors, amorphous solids, liquids and gases. This comprehensive presentation develops the subject from its basic principles and relates the theory to experimental observations. The new edition includes topics that have recently become important, for example, the X-ray laser, appearance potential spectroscopy, synchrotron radiation and EXAFS of high-Tc superconducting materials. A thorough introduction, up to research level, isprovided to EXAFS, which has seen rapid development in the past few years. This textbook conveniently presents the principles, applications and current techniques of X-ray spectroscopy, which makes it ideal for graduate students beginning research involving x-ray spectroscopy.

X-Rays and Extreme Ultraviolet Radiation
X-Rays and Extreme Ultraviolet Radiation

Author: David Attwood

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2017-02-16

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 1316810666

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With this fully updated second edition, readers will gain a detailed understanding of the physics and applications of modern X-ray and EUV radiation sources. Taking into account the most recent improvements in capabilities, coverage is expanded to include new chapters on free electron lasers (FELs), laser high harmonic generation (HHG), X-ray and EUV optics, and nanoscale imaging; a completely revised chapter on spatial and temporal coherence; and extensive discussion of the generation and applications of femtosecond and attosecond techniques. Readers will be guided step by step through the mathematics of each topic, with over 300 figures, 50 reference tables and 600 equations enabling easy understanding of key concepts. Homework problems, a solutions manual for instructors, and links to YouTube lectures accompany the book online. This is the 'go-to' guide for graduate students, researchers and industry practitioners interested in X-ray and EUV interaction with matter.