Evaluating Contributing Factors to Collision Types Through Discrete Choice Analysis
Evaluating Contributing Factors to Collision Types Through Discrete Choice Analysis

Author: Dejan Dudich

Publisher:

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 94

ISBN-13:

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While there have been several efforts to understand large-truck crashes, the relationship between crash factors, crash severity and collision type is not clearly understood. Past studies have utilized different statistical or econometric models to predict the manner of collision at intersections, yet not much attention has been paid to the factors that lead to injury severity by different types of collisions on state and interstate highways. Studying collision types is crucial when identifying potential safety improvements for state and interstate systems. In this study six collision types are explored they are: angled collisions, fixed object collisions, rear end collision both vehicles moving forward, rear end collisions on moving vehicle, sideswipe collision same direction and sideswipe collisions different directions. With these in mind, the aim of this research is to perform exploratory analyses of large truck-involved crashes through the use of advanced econometric techniques that can shed insights on the factors influencing crashes by collision type. Namely, this research utilizes the mixed multinomial logit model to uncover the effects of unobservable factors (unobserved heterogeneity) across crash observations underlying the data generating process. The results of this thesis indicate that complex interactions of various human, vehicle, and road-environment factors due in fact contribute and that some of the model variables varied across observations, validating the choice of the mixed multinomial logit model and separation of data by collision type.

Global Status Report on Road Safety
Global Status Report on Road Safety

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 12

ISBN-13:

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Approximately 1.3 million people die each year on the world's roads, and between 20 and 50 million sustain non-fatal injuries. The Global status report on road safety is the first broad assessment of the road safety situation in 178 countries, using data drawn from a standardized survey. The results show that road traffic injuries remain an important public health problem, particularly for low-income and middle-income countries. Pedestrians, cyclists and motorcyclists make up almost half of those killed on the roads, highlighting the need for these road users to be given more attention in road safety programmes. The results suggest that in many countries road safety laws need to be made more comprehensive while enforcement should be strengthened. The Global status report on road safety results clearly show that significantly more action is needed to make the world's roads safer. [Ed.]

Multivariate Data Analysis
Multivariate Data Analysis

Author: Fionn Murtagh

Publisher: Springer

Published: 1988-03-31

Total Pages: 224

ISBN-13: 9789027791542

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Interest in statistical methodology is increasing so rapidly in the astronomical community that accessible introductory material in this area is long overdue. This book fills the gap by providing a presentation of the most useful techniques in multivariate statistics. A wide-ranging annotated set of general and astronomical bibliographic references follows each chapter, providing valuable entry-points for research workers in all astronomical sub-disciplines. Although the applications considered focus on astronomy, the algorithms used can be applied to similar problems in other branches of science. Fortran programs are provided for many of the methods described.

An Analysis of Injury Severities of Large-truck Crashes
An Analysis of Injury Severities of Large-truck Crashes

Author: Xiaoyu Zhu (Writer on transportation)

Publisher:

Published: 2011

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

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The results indicate that the variables which are not significant in ordered probit model may have impact on the injury severity. For different roles (truck occupant, car driver and car passenger), the significant driver behavior variables are also different. In summary, the advanced and flexible methodologies for occupant level injury severity study are developed and compared in this dissertation. The results and implications are useful from the standpoints of traveler, transportation engineer and policy maker.

A Comprehensive Discrete Choice Analysis of Injury Severity in Roadway Work Zone Crashes
A Comprehensive Discrete Choice Analysis of Injury Severity in Roadway Work Zone Crashes

Author: Mohamed Osman

Publisher:

Published: 2016

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

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Work zones are critical parts of the transportation infrastructure renewal process consisting of rehabilitation of roadways, maintenance, and utility work. Given the specific nature of a work zone (complex arrangements of traffic control devices and signs, narrow lanes, duration) a number of crashes occur with varying severities involving different vehicle sizes. This dissertation proposes a comprehensive discrete choice analysis of injury severity of crashes in work zones on both the crash and occupant levels, in roadway work zones through a comprehensive set of discrete choice econometric frameworks. Robust discrete choice modeling structures are introduced and applied in the field of work zone safety. This dissertation contains three (3) studies representing the empirical analysis conducted to address the following research questions:1. What factors may contribute to the injury severity levels of large-truck crashes in work zones? And what are the robust analytical methods to recognize such factors?2. How do specific work zone configurations affect factors contributing to the levels of injury severity of work zone crashes?3. How does the specific work zone-component-area where a crash has occurred affect factors contributing to the injury severity levels of work zone crashes?The first study investigates the causal factors contributing to injury severity of large truck crashes in work zones. The second study investigates the causal factors contributing to the injury severity of passenger-car occupants for crashes occurring in different work zone configurations (lane closure, lane shift/crossover, shoulder/median, intermittent, and other). The third study investigates the causal factors contributing to driver & rsquo;s injury severity in the different work zone component-areas (advance-warning, transition, activity, and termination areas). The first study compares a comprehensive set of discrete choice modeling structures; Multinomial Logit (MNL) model, Nested Logit (NL) model, Ordered Logit (ORL) model and Generalized Ordered Response Logit (GORL) model. The second and third studies developed the Mixed Generalized Ordered Response Probit (MGORP) modeling framework to conduct the proposed analysis to answer the second and third research questions. The empirical analysis was conducted using work zone crash database in 10 years of the Highway Safety Information System (HSIS).