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Author: Carolyn Zahn-Waxler
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Published: 1991-07-26
Total Pages: 356
ISBN-13: 9780521423670
DOWNLOAD EBOOKBased on a conference held at the National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Md. in April 1982, under the auspices of the Society for Research in Child Development and the Child Development Foundation.
Author: Harry Kaufmann
Publisher: Holt McDougal
Published: 1970
Total Pages: 174
ISBN-13: 9780030780851
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe term "aggression", though it seems at first sight to have a very clear meaning, is really open to a number of different interpretations. "Aggression," in other words, has been a global term, much like "anxiety" or "frustration" and as such has meant many different things to many people. It is explained in this book.
Author: Carolyn Zahn-Waxler
Publisher:
Published: 1986
Total Pages: 337
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Harvey A. Hornstein
Publisher: Prentice Hall
Published: 1976
Total Pages: 168
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKDraws on evidence provided by psychological research to demonstrate that both aggression and altruism are dependent on social conditions and equally integral to human nature.
Author: Ronald G. Slaby
Publisher:
Published: 1970
Total Pages: 162
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Alfie Kohn
Publisher:
Published: 2008-08-05
Total Pages: 417
ISBN-13: 078672465X
DOWNLOAD EBOOKDrawing from hundreds of studies in half a dozen fields, The Brighter Side of Human Nature makes a powerful case that caring and generosity are just as natural as selfishness and aggression. This lively refutation of cynical assumptions about our species considers the nature of empathy and the causes of war, why we (incorrectly) explain all behavior in terms of self-interest, and how we can teach children to care.
Author: Anne Campbell
Publisher:
Published: 1998
Total Pages: 58
ISBN-13: 9781854332462
DOWNLOAD EBOOKFollowing the A-level psychology syllabus, this textbook takes an interactice approach to the subject of social psychology. There are open questions, self-assessment questions and Something to Try activities, all designed to encourage students to discuss and review the topics covered as they work through the unit. Additionally, there are suggestions for experimental projects and essays, and this pack comes with accompanying teacher's notes.
Author: Robert W. Sussman
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2011-08-02
Total Pages: 433
ISBN-13: 144199520X
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book is about the evolution and nature of cooperation and altruism in social-living animals, focusing especially on non-human primates and on humans. Although cooperation and altruism are often thought of as ways to attenuate competition and aggression within groups, or are related to the action of “selfish genes”, there is increasing evidence that these behaviors are the result of biological mechanisms that have developed through natural selection in group-living species. This evidence leads to the conclusion that cooperative and altruistic behavior are not just by-products of competition but are rather the glue that underlies the ability for primates and humans to live in groups. The anthropological, primatological, paleontological, behavioral, neurobiological, and psychological evidence provided in this book gives a more optimistic view of human nature than the more popular, conventional view of humans being naturally and basically aggressive and warlike. Although competition and aggression are recognized as an important part of the non-human primate and human behavioral repertoire, the evidence from these fields indicates that cooperation and altruism may represent the more typical, “normal”, and healthy behavioral pattern. The book is intended both for the general reader and also for students at a variety of levels (graduate and undergraduate): it aims to provide a compact, accessible, and up-to-date account of the current scholarly advances and debates in this field of study, and it is designed to be used in teaching and in discussion groups. The book derived from a conference sponsored by N.S.F., the Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research, the Washington University Committee for Ethics and Human Values, and the Anthropedia Foundation for the study of well-being.
Author: Hannes Rusch
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Published: 2016-08-18
Total Pages: 104
ISBN-13: 2889199452
DOWNLOAD EBOOKA number of recent influential publications have promoted the idea that the high levels of altruism and violent intergroup conflicts observed in humans might be the result of a joint evolution of behavioral traits causing cooperativeness among group members ('in-group love') and spite and aggression between members of different groups ('out-group hate'). This hypothesis, dating back to Darwin himself, has been dubbed 'parochial altruism'. While much empirical evidence has been collected which shows that humans readily condition their social behaviors on their conspecifics' group membership, a number of important questions still remain unanswered. These include: Which selective mechanisms are at work in the suggested co-evolution of in-group love and out-group hate: individual selection, kin selection, sexual selection? When and why does altruism become parochial? When and why can parochialism be altruistic? How does parochial altruism fare in comparison to other explanatory approaches to the question of why humans are altruistic and why they are collectively aggressive? Did human prehistory really offer the conditions required for parochial altruism to evolve? Is parochial altruism universal across situational contexts and cultures? Which factors can explain individual differences in parochial altruism? This Research Topic brings together current interdisciplinary works on the topic. Lab and field experiments using different methods critically investigate the antecedents, forms, and consequences of parochial altruism. As such, the Research Topic contributes to close some important research gaps but also provides an overview of the diverse methods for studying parochial altruism across scientific disciplines.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Published: 2013-03-06
Total Pages: 152
ISBN-13: 0309263646
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe past 25 years have seen a major paradigm shift in the field of violence prevention, from the assumption that violence is inevitable to the recognition that violence is preventable. Part of this shift has occurred in thinking about why violence occurs, and where intervention points might lie. In exploring the occurrence of violence, researchers have recognized the tendency for violent acts to cluster, to spread from place to place, and to mutate from one type to another. Furthermore, violent acts are often preceded or followed by other violent acts. In the field of public health, such a process has also been seen in the infectious disease model, in which an agent or vector initiates a specific biological pathway leading to symptoms of disease and infectivity. The agent transmits from individual to individual, and levels of the disease in the population above the baseline constitute an epidemic. Although violence does not have a readily observable biological agent as an initiator, it can follow similar epidemiological pathways. On April 30-May 1, 2012, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) Forum on Global Violence Prevention convened a workshop to explore the contagious nature of violence. Part of the Forum's mandate is to engage in multisectoral, multidirectional dialogue that explores crosscutting, evidence-based approaches to violence prevention, and the Forum has convened four workshops to this point exploring various elements of violence prevention. The workshops are designed to examine such approaches from multiple perspectives and at multiple levels of society. In particular, the workshop on the contagion of violence focused on exploring the epidemiology of the contagion, describing possible processes and mechanisms by which violence is transmitted, examining how contextual factors mitigate or exacerbate the issue. Contagion of Violence: Workshop Summary covers the major topics that arose during the 2-day workshop. It is organized by important elements of the infectious disease model so as to present the contagion of violence in a larger context and in a more compelling and comprehensive way.
