This report presents a cost analysis of Acrolein production from propylene. In this typical process, propylene is oxidized with air, producing acrolein. Acrylic acid Diethylene glycol (DEG) and triethylene glycol (TEG) are also generated as by-products in the process. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Keywords: Propenal, Acrylic Aldehyde, Oxidation, Propene
This report presents a cost analysis of Acrylonitrile production from chemical grade (CG) propylene The process examined is a fluidized bed propylene ammoxidation process. In this process, propylene and ammonia react to produce Acrylonitrile. Acetonitrile and hydrogen cyanide are generated as by-products. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): "Acrylonitrile", Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 5th edition Keywords: Propene, Propenenitrile, INEOS, Sohio, Fluidized Bed Reactor
This report presents a cost analysis of Ester-Grade Acrylic Acid (EAA) production from chemical grade (CG) propylene The process examined is a typical propylene oxidation. In this process, propylene passes through a two-stage vapor phase oxidation to generate an acrylic acid-containing gas, from which acrylic acid is recovered via absorption in water. The aqueous acrylic acid solution is purified via light solvent extraction to Ester-grade Acrylic Acid (EAA), which is used in the production of acrylic esters. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): "Acrylic Acid", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 7th edition Keywords: Propene, Air Oxidation, Propenoic Acid, Nippon Shokubai, Rohm & Haas, Dow
This report presents a cost analysis of Methional production from acrolein and methyl mercaptan. In the process examined, Methional is produced by the reaction of acrolein with methyl mercaptan. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Keywords: MMP, Methanethiol, MeSH
This report presents a cost analysis of Acetone production from propylene. The process examined is a typical hydration/dehydrogenation process. In this process, propylene is directly hydrated in a catalytic reactor, producing isopropanol. Then, isopropanol is dehydrogenated in the vapor phase in a fixed bed catalyst reactor to produce acetone. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Keywords: Propanone, Fixed-Bed Reactor, Catalytic Reactor, Isopropyl Alcohol, 2-Propanol
This report presents a cost analysis of 2-Ethylhexanol (2-EH) production from propylene and syngas. The process examined is similar to the LP OXO Selector technology jointly licensed by JM Davy and Dow. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) "OXO Synthesis", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 7th edition (2) US Patent 5001274 issued to Union Carbide (now Dow Chemical Company) in 1991 (3) WO1993020034 issued to Davy (now subsidiary of Johnson Matthey) in 1993 Keywords: oxo alcohol, oxo process
This report presents a cost analysis of DL-Methionine production from methional and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) The process examined is a typical carbonate process. This process is a multi-step process including: hydantoin intermediate production; reaction of hydantoin with potassium carbonate to produce potassium methioninate; and methioninate conversion to DL-Methionine. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): US Patent 20130231501, issued to Evonik in 2013 Keywords: DLM, 3-Methylmercapto Propionaldehyde, MMP, Methional, Essential Amino Acid, Degussa
This monograph consists of manuscripts submitted by invited speakers who participated in the symposium "Industrial Environmental Chemistry: Waste Minimization in Industrial Processes and Remediation of Hazardous Waste," held March 24-26, 1992, at Texas A&M University. This meeting was the tenth annual international symposium sponsored by the Texas A&M Industry-University Cooperative Chemistry Program (IUCCP). The program was developed by an academic-industrial steering committee consisting of the co-chairmen, Professors Donald T. Sawyer and Arthur E. Martell of the Texas A&M University Chemistry Department, and members appointed by the sponsoring companies: Bernie A. Allen, Jr., Dow Chemical USA; Kirk W. Brown, Texas A&M University; Abraham Clearfield, Texas A&M University; Greg Leyes, Monsanto Company; Jay Warner, Hoechst-Celanese Corporation; Paul M. Zakriski, BF Goodrich Company; and Emile A. Schweikert, Texas A&M University (IUCCP Coordinator). The subject of this conference reflects the interest that has developed in academic institutions and industry for technological solutions to environmental contamination by industrial wastes. Progress is most likely with strategies that minimize waste production from industrial processes. Clearly the key to the protection and preservation of the environment will be through R&D that optimizes chemical processes to minimize or eliminate waste streams. Eleven of the papers are directed to waste minimization. An additional ten papers discuss chemical and biological remediation strategies for hazardous wastes that contaminate soils, sludges, and water.
Chemical reaction engineering is concerned with the exploitation of chemical reactions on a commercial scale. It's goal is the successful design and operation of chemical reactors. This text emphasizes qualitative arguments, simple design methods, graphical procedures, and frequent comparison of capabilities of the major reactor types. Simple ideas are treated first, and are then extended to the more complex.
The practice of biotechnology, though different in style, scale and substance in globalizing science for development involves all countries. Investment in biotechnology in the industrialised, the developing, and the least developed countries, is now amongst the widely accepted avenues being used for economie development. The simple utilization of kefir technology, the detoxification of injurious chemical pesticides e.g. parathion, the genetic tailoring of new crops, and the production of a first of a kind of biopharmaceuticals illustrate the global scope and content of biotechnology research endeavour and effort. In the developing and least developed nations, and in which the 9 most populous countries· are encountered, problems concerning management of the environment, food security, conservation of human health resources and capacity building are important factors that influence the path to sustainable development. Long-term use of biotechnology in the agricultural, food, energy and health sectors is expected to yield a windfall of economic, environmental and social benefits. Already the prototypes of new medicines and of prescription fruit vaccines are available. Gene based agriculture and medieine is increasingly being adopted and accepted. Emerging trends and practices are reflected in the designing of more efficient bioprocesses, and in new research in enzyme and fermentation technology, in the bioconversion of agro industrial residues into bio-utility products, in animal healthcare, and in the bioremediation and medical biotechnologies. Indeed, with each new day, new horizons in biotechnology beckon.
