A Time-dependent Analysis for Quasi-one-dimensional Nozzle Flows with Vibrational and Chemical Nonequilibrium
A Time-dependent Analysis for Quasi-one-dimensional Nozzle Flows with Vibrational and Chemical Nonequilibrium

Author: John David Anderson (Jr.)

Publisher:

Published: 1969

Total Pages: 84

ISBN-13:

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A new technique is presented for the numerical solution of quasi-one-dimensional, vibrational and chemical nonequilibrium nozzle flows including nonequilibrium conditions both upstream and downstream of the throat. This new technique is a time-dependent analysis which entails the explicite finite-difference solution of the quasi-one-dimensional unsteady flow equations in steps of time, starting with assumed initial distributions throughout the nozzle. The steady-state solution is approached at large values of time. A virtue of the present time-dependent analysis is its simplicity, which prevails from its initial physical formulation to the successful receipt of numerical results. Also, the present solution yields the transient as well as the steady-state nonequilibrium nozzle flows. To exemplify the present analysis, results are given for several cases of vibrational and chemical nonequilibrium expansions through nozzles. (Author).

A Time-dependent Quasi-one-dimensional Analysis of Population Inversions in an Expanding Gas
A Time-dependent Quasi-one-dimensional Analysis of Population Inversions in an Expanding Gas

Author: John David Anderson (Jr.)

Publisher:

Published: 1969

Total Pages: 70

ISBN-13:

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A time-dependent technique for the numerical solution of convergent-divergent, nonequilibrium nozzle flows was used to analyze the rapid, vibrational nonequlibrium, supersonic expansion of CO2-N2-H2O and CO2-N2-He mixtures, wherein the finite rate molecular energy transfer processes can result in a population inversion between the (001) and (100) vibrational energy levels of CO2. Results for such population inversions are presented. Among these, a comparison was made between the present results and the recent results of Basov et al; this comparison indicates that Basov's calculations overestimate the population inversion in an expanding mixture of CO2 and N2. In addition, results are presented from a series of numerical experiments conducted to assess the validity of several simplified methods for computing population inversions. (Author).

Computational Fluid Dynamics
Computational Fluid Dynamics

Author: John F. Wendt

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-03-09

Total Pages: 299

ISBN-13: 3662113503

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This book is an outgrowth of a von Kannan Institute Lecture Series by the same title first presented in 1985 and repeated with modifications in succeeding years. The objective, then and now, was to present the subject of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to an audience unfamiliar with all but the most basic aspects of numerical techniques and to do so in such a way that the practical application ofCFD would become clear to everyone. Remarks from hundreds of persons who followed this course encouraged the editor and the authors to improve the content and organization year by year and eventually to produce the present volume. The book is divided into two parts. In the first part, John Anderson lays out the subject by first describing the governing equations offluid dynamics, concentration on their mathematical properties which contain the keys to the choice of the numerical approach. Methods of discretizing the equations are discussed next and then transformation techniques and grids are also discussed. This section closes with two examples of numerical methods which can be understood easily by all concerned: source and vortex panel methods and the explicit method. The second part of the book is devoted to four self-contained chapters on more advanced material: Roger Grundmann treats the boundary layer equations and methods of solution; Gerard Degrez treats implicit time-marching methods for inviscid and viscous compressible flows, and Eric Dick treats, in two separate articles, both finite-volume and finite-element methods.

Computational Fluid Dynamics
Computational Fluid Dynamics

Author: John Wendt

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2008-11-04

Total Pages: 333

ISBN-13: 3540850554

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Computational Fluid Dynamics: An Introduction grew out of a von Karman Institute (VKI) Lecture Series by the same title ?rst presented in 1985 and repeated with modi?cations every year since that time. The objective, then and now, was to present the subject of computational ?uid dynamics (CFD) to an audience unfamiliar with all but the most basic numerical techniques and to do so in such a way that the practical application of CFD would become clear to everyone. A second edition appeared in 1995 with updates to all the chapters and when that printing came to an end, the publisher requested that the editor and authors consider the preparation of a third edition. Happily, the authors received the request with enthusiasm. The third edition has the goal of presenting additional updates and clari?cations while preserving the introductory nature of the material. The book is divided into three parts. John Anderson lays out the subject in Part I by ?rst describing the governing equations of ?uid dynamics, concentrating on their mathematical properties which contain the keys to the choice of the numerical approach. Methods of discretizing the equations are discussed and transformation techniques and grids are presented. Two examples of numerical methods close out this part of the book: source and vortex panel methods and the explicit method. Part II is devoted to four self-contained chapters on more advanced material. Roger Grundmann treats the boundary layer equations and methods of solution.

Gasdynamic Lasers: An Introduction
Gasdynamic Lasers: An Introduction

Author: John D. Jr. Anderson

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2012-12-02

Total Pages: 193

ISBN-13: 0323160441

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Gasdynamic Lasers: An Introduction is a 12-chapter introductory text to major development generations of gasdynamic lasers, focusing on their underlying physical and fundamental aspects. The opening chapters discuss the basic detailed physical phenomena that ultimately are responsible for producing gasdynamic laser action and the methods of calculating the performance of these devices. These topics are followed by a chapter on confirmation of the performance calculations through arc and shock tunnel experiments. The discussion then shifts to vibrational relaxation process behind normal shock waves in CO2-N2-He mixtures and assesses their population inversions occurring in the nonequilibrium flow. Other chapters explore the concepts of downstream mixing and optical cavity in gasdynamic lasers, as well as the laser beam extracted from these devices. A systematic study of aerodynamic windows that use supersonic flow across the aperture is presented in the concluding chapters, along with the phenomena associated with gasdynamic laser diffusers. This introductory text will be of great value to professional scientists and engineers, as well as to students and workers in the field who are interested in interdisciplinary applied science.

Population Inversions in an Expanding Gas
Population Inversions in an Expanding Gas

Author: John David Anderson (Jr.)

Publisher:

Published: 1971

Total Pages: 80

ISBN-13:

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It is well established that population inversions between the (001) and (100) vibrational energy levels of CO2 can be created by rapid expansions of CO2-N2-H2O or He mixtures through supersonic nozzles. New experimental results are presented for such inversions. These experiments were conducted in both the 3-Megawatt Arc Tunnel and the 12.7 cm Shock Tunnel at the Naval Ordnance Laboratory. The results support previously published theoretical predictions obtained with a numerical, time-dependent, nonequilibrium nozzle flow analysis employing a simplified vibrational kinetic model. This theory is also compared with experimental data obtained by other investigators. (Author).

Numerical Experiments Associated with Gas Dynamic Lasers
Numerical Experiments Associated with Gas Dynamic Lasers

Author: John David Anderson (Jr.)

Publisher:

Published: 1970

Total Pages: 102

ISBN-13:

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A previous time-dependent finite-difference numerical solution of second order accuracy for quasi-one-dimensional nonequilibrium nozzle flows using 3 terms of a Taylor's series expansion in time is modified such that only 2 terms of a series expansion are required for second order accuracy. As a result, an already straightforward analysis of nonequilibrium nozzle flows is made even simpler. With the present solution, numerical experiments are carried out for gas dynamic laser flows in order to study the consequences of large H2O content, high reservoir pressures and small nozzle throat heights. (Author).