The Oxford Handbook of Causation

The Oxford Handbook of Causation

Author: Helen Beebee

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2012-01-12

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 0191629456

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Causation is a central topic in many areas of philosophy. In metaphysics, philosophers want to know what causation is, and how it is related to laws of nature, probability, action, and freedom of the will. In epistemology, philosophers investigate how causal claims can be inferred from statistical data, and how causation is related to perception, knowledge and explanation. In the philosophy of mind, philosophers want to know whether and how the mind can be said to have causal efficacy, and in ethics, whether there is a moral distinction between acts and omissions and whether the moral value of an act can be judged according to its consequences. And causation is a contested concept in other fields of enquiry, such as biology, physics, and the law. This book provides an in-depth and comprehensive overview of these and other topics, as well as the history of the causation debate from the ancient Greeks to the logical empiricists. The chapters provide surveys of contemporary debates, while often also advancing novel and controversial claims; and each includes a comprehensive bibliography and suggestions for further reading. The book is thus the most comprehensive source of information about causation currently available, and will be invaluable for upper-level undergraduates through to professional philosophers.


Philosophy of Cognitive Neuroscience

Philosophy of Cognitive Neuroscience

Author: Lena Kästner

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG

Published: 2017-06-12

Total Pages: 268

ISBN-13: 3110530945

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How do cognitive neuroscientists explain phenomena like memory or language processing? This book examines the different kinds of experiments and manipulative research strategies involved in understanding and eventually explaining such phenomena. Against this background, it evaluates contemporary accounts of scientific explanation, specifically the mechanistic and interventionist accounts, and finds them to be crucially incomplete. Besides, mechanisms and interventions cannot actually be combined in the way usually done in the literature. This book offers solutions to both these problems based on insights from experimental practice. It defends a new reading of the interventionist account, highlights the importance of non-interventionist studies for scientific inquiry, and supplies a taxonomy of experiments that makes it easy to see how the gaps in contemporary accounts of scientific explanation can be filled. The book concludes that a truly empirically adequate philosophy of science must take into account a much wider range of experimental research than has been done to date. With the taxonomy provided, this book serves a stepping-stone leading into a new era of philosophy of science—for cognitive neuroscience and beyond.


The Bloomsbury Companion to Philosophy of Mind

The Bloomsbury Companion to Philosophy of Mind

Author: James Garvey

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing

Published: 2015-06-18

Total Pages: 417

ISBN-13: 1474243916

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Featuring thirteen specially commissioned chapters on core subjects, The Bloomsbury Companion to Philosophy of Mind is an essential tool for all those studying and working in the field, purpose-built for use on courses in this area of philosophy. Beginning with 'How to Use this Book' the Companion includes overviews of perennial problems and new directions in contemporary philosophy of mind, an extended glossary of terms for quick reference, a detailed chronology, a guide to research for ongoing study and a comprehensive bibliography of key classic and contemporary publications in the philosophy of mind. From new questions concerning qualia, representation, embodiment and cognition to fresh thinking about the long-standing problems of physicalism, dualism, personal identity and mental causation, this book is an authoritative survey of the latest research from experts in one of the most active areas of philosophical inquiry.


An Introduction to Metaphysics

An Introduction to Metaphysics

Author: John W. Carroll

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2010-04-08

Total Pages: 279

ISBN-13: 0521826292

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Discusses and invites students to reflect on topics such as causation, freedom and determinism, laws of nature, and material objects.


The Causal Exclusion Problem

The Causal Exclusion Problem

Author: Dwayne Moore

Publisher: American University Studies

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781433122675

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In The Causal Exclusion Problem, the popular strategy of abandoning any one of the principles constituting the causal exclusion problem is considered, but ultimately rejected. The metaphysical foundations undergirding the causal exclusion problem are then explored, revealing that the causal exclusion problem cannot be dislodged by undermining its metaphysical foundations - as some are in the habit of doing. Finally, the significant difficulties associated with the bevy of contemporary nonreductive solutions, from supervenience to emergentism, are expanded upon. While conducting this survey of contemporary options, however, two novel approaches are introduced, both of which may resolve the causal exclusion problem from within a nonreductive physicalist paradigm. The Causal Exclusion Problem, which relentlessly motivates the vexing causal exclusion problem and exhaustively surveys its metaphysical assumptions and contemporary responses, is ideal for an advanced undergraduate or graduate course in the philosophy of mind.


Globalisation, Cultural Diversity and Schooling

Globalisation, Cultural Diversity and Schooling

Author: Joseph I. Zajda

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published:

Total Pages: 206

ISBN-13: 3031532198

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1. Globalisation, cultural diversity and schooling -- 2. Acculturation vs Assimilation: Engaging with cultural diversity -- 3. The use of digital storytelling in bilingual/multilingual students' meaning-making: A systematic literature review -- 4. The intersection of culturally and linguistically diverse students and inclusive education for students with disabilities in Canada: A Scoping Review -- 5. Global models of values education for democracy and cultural diversity -- 6. Globalization, political realism, and the agent-exclusion problem -- 7. Adapting mainstream learning environments to & for the refugees of Shangri La -- 8. Students' attitudes to the employment options of college graduates on the autistic spectrum and their integration in the labour market -- 9. Globalisation, cultural diversity and schooling: Research trends.


Scientific Composition and Metaphysical Ground

Scientific Composition and Metaphysical Ground

Author: Kenneth Aizawa

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-11-07

Total Pages: 317

ISBN-13: 1137562161

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We find “vertical” relations in many different realms, whether between atoms and molecules, words and sentences, neurons and brains, or individuals and societies. This book is the first to bring together, and comparatively assess, the exciting array of philosophical approaches to vertical relations that have independently sprung up in analytic metaphysics, the metaphysics of mind, and the philosophy of science. Analytic metaphysicians have recently focused on a relation of ‘Ground’ that is claimed to be found in aesthetics, ethics, logic, mathematics, science, and semantics. Metaphysicians of mind have focussed on a vertical relation of ‘realization’ between properties, whilst philosophers of science associated with the rise of the ‘New Mechanism’ have renewed interest in vertical relations of scientific composition found in so-called “mechanistic explanations”. This volume analyses the inter-relations between these different approaches to spark a range of new debates, including whether the various frameworks for vertical relations are independent, complementary or in even competition.


Causation

Causation

Author: Douglas Kutach

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2014-08-26

Total Pages: 146

ISBN-13: 0745685846

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In most academic and non-academic circles throughout history, the world and its operation have been viewed in terms of cause and effect. The principles of causation have been applied, fruitfully, across the sciences, law, medicine, and in everyday life, despite the lack of any agreed-upon framework for understanding what causation ultimately amounts to. In this engaging and accessible introduction to the topic, Douglas Kutach explains and analyses the most prominent theories and examples in the philosophy of causation. The book is organized so as to respect the various cross-cutting and interdisciplinary concerns about causation, such as the reducibility of causation, its application to scientific modeling, its connection to influence and laws of nature, and its role in causal explanation. Kutach begins by presenting the four recurring distinctions in the literature on causation, proceeding through an exploration of various accounts of causation including determination, difference making and probability-raising. He concludes by carefully considering their application to the mind-body problem. Causation provides a straightforward and compact survey of contemporary approaches to causation and serves as a friendly and clear guide for anyone interested in exploring the complex jungle of ideas that surround this fundamental philosophical topic.


A Historical Introduction to the Philosophy of Mind - Second Edition

A Historical Introduction to the Philosophy of Mind - Second Edition

Author: Peter Morton

Publisher: Broadview Press

Published: 2010-05-06

Total Pages: 705

ISBN-13: 1551118521

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This is an expanded and revised second edition of Peter Morton's highly acclaimed A Historical Introduction to the Philosophy of Mind, a text that combines primary readings with detailed commentary. The book has two aims: to present the philosophy of mind from a historical perspective so that the theories in the field are seen to emerge in the process of solving problems with earlier theories; and to give students access to original source material together with commentaries that explain technical terms and jargon, outline argumentative structures, and place the texts in their historical context. The second edition adds several new chapters covering recent issues in the field, and revises earlier chapters to improve the readings and update the commentaries.


A Metaphysics for Freedom

A Metaphysics for Freedom

Author: Helen Steward

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2012-03-08

Total Pages: 280

ISBN-13: 0199552053

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Helen Steward argues that determinism is incompatible with agency itself--not only the special human variety of agency, but also powers which can be accorded to animal agents. She offers a distinctive, non-dualistic version of libertarianism, rooted in a conception of what biological forms of organisation might make possible in the way of freedom.