The teaching that surgery is always superior to nonsurgical treatments is a sophomoric narcissistic attitude that is converting the traditional orthopaedist/scientists into cosmetic surgeons of the skeleton.
This text on precision frequency measurement and its key enabling techniques includes reviews written by some of the most experienced researchers in their respective fields. This text should prove useful to researchers just entering the field of frequency metrology and standards, or equally well to the experienced practitioner.
This book contributes to the enhancement of fundamental and practical knowledge in the treatment of fractures, healing disturbances and bone disorders with intramedullary nailing. It promotes this biological and mechanical outstanding technique for appropriate indications and ameliorate the standard of care for those patients, who can profit from intramedullary nailing. Orthopedic trauma surgeons from all over the world, who work in the most different circumstances and with the most diverse technical and logistical equipment, will find this book to be an essential resource and guide for their daily practice with intramedullary nailing.
This book provides explanations for the emergence of contact languages, especially pidgins and creoles. It assesses the current state of research and examines aspects of current theories and approaches that have excited much controversy and debate. The book answers questions such as: How valid is the notion of a pidgin-creole-postcreole life cycle? Why are many features of pidgins and creoles simple in formal terms compared to other languages? And what is the origin of the grammatical innovations in expanded pidgins and creoles - linguistic universals, conventional language change, the influence of features of languages in the contact environment, or a mix of two or more factors? In addressing these issues, the author looks at research on processes of second language acquisition and use, including simplification, overgeneralization, and language transfer. He shows how these processes can account for many of the characteristics of contact languages, and proposes linguistic and sociolinguistic constraints on their application in language contact. His analysis is supported with detailed examples and case studies from Pidgin Fijian, Melanesian Pidgin, Hawai'i Creole, New Caledonian Tayo and Australian Kriol, which he uses as well to assess the merits of competing theories of language genesis. Professor Siegel also considers his research's wider implications for linguistic theory.