Why Does What Exists Exist? Some Hypotheses on the Ultimate “Why” Question
Why Does What Exists Exist? Some Hypotheses on the Ultimate “Why” Question

Author: Mariano L. Bianca

Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing

Published: 2021-02-02

Total Pages: 191

ISBN-13: 1527565432

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The combination of current cosmology, physical theories, ancient cosmogonies, theologies, and metaphysics poses three main questions: Why is there something rather than nothing? Why does being take many forms? What is the origin of everything? Many different answers have been given in various different fields to these questions. In theological, creationist metaphysics, the only answer is the existence of a creator who has given rise not only to everything, but also to the laws that govern existence. Non-theological metaphysics, instead, has engaged in the determination of some first principles (archái), from which derives the reality in its various forms. Science, for a long time, evaded these questions, focusing instead on particular aspects of reality by formulating explanations of natural phenomena. In the course of their current development, physics (including quantum theory) and cosmology have posed questions concerning the origin of the whole universe and the reasons for its existence. They believe it is possible to formulate a theory of everything, just as metaphysical cosmologists and theologians thought. The papers collected in this volume offer interesting contributions to the debates surrounding this ultimate “why” question.

Why Does the World Exist
Why Does the World Exist

Author: Jim Holt

Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company

Published: 2012-07-17

Total Pages: 321

ISBN-13: 0871404095

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In this astonishing and profound work, an irreverent sleuth traces the riddleof existence from the ancient world to modern times.

God: The Failed Hypothesis
God: The Failed Hypothesis

Author: Victor J. Stenger

Publisher: Prometheus Books

Published: 2010-08-05

Total Pages: 310

ISBN-13: 161592003X

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Throughout history, arguments for and against the existence of God have been largely confined to philosophy and theology, while science has sat on the sidelines. Despite the fact that science has revolutionized every aspect of human life and greatly clarified our understanding of the world, somehow the notion has arisen that it has nothing to say about the possibility of a supreme being, which much of humanity worships as the source of all reality. This book contends that, if God exists, some evidence for this existence should be detectable by scientific means, especially considering the central role that God is alleged to play in the operation of the universe and the lives of humans. Treating the traditional God concept, as conventionally presented in the Judeo-Christian and Islamic traditions, like any other scientific hypothesis, physicist Stenger examines all of the claims made for God's existence. He considers the latest Intelligent Design arguments as evidence of God's influence in biology. He looks at human behavior for evidence of immaterial souls and the possible effects of prayer. He discusses the findings of physics and astronomy in weighing the suggestions that the universe is the work of a creator and that humans are God's special creation. After evaluating all the scientific evidence, Stenger concludes that beyond a reasonable doubt the universe and life appear exactly as we might expect if there were no God. This paperback edition of the New York Times bestselling hardcover edition contains a new foreword by Christopher Hitchens and a postscript by the author in which he responds to reviewers' criticisms of the original edition.

The Big Questions in Science and Religion
The Big Questions in Science and Religion

Author: Keith Ward

Publisher: Templeton Foundation Press

Published: 2008-05

Total Pages: 288

ISBN-13: 1599471353

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The Big Questions in Science and Religion explores these ten queries to determine whether religious beliefs can survive in the scientific age. Author Keith Ward, an expert in the field of world religions, devotes a full chapter to each question, wherein he considers concepts from Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, Islam, Hinduism, Judaism, and Christianity, alongside the speculations of cosmologists, physicians, mathematicians, and philosophers.

Theism and Ultimate Explanation
Theism and Ultimate Explanation

Author: Timothy O'Connor

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2012-02-20

Total Pages: 193

ISBN-13: 1444350889

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An expansive, yet succinct, analysis of the Philosophy of Religion – from metaphysics through theology. Organized into two sections, the text first examines truths concerning what is possible and what is necessary. These chapters lay the foundation for the book’s second part – the search for a metaphysical framework that permits the possibility of an ultimate explanation that is correct and complete. A cutting-edge scholarly work which engages with the traditional metaphysician’s quest for a true ultimate explanation of the most general features of the world we inhabit Develops an original view concerning the epistemology and metaphysics of modality, or truths concerning what is possible or necessary Applies this framework to a re-examination of the cosmological argument for theism Defends a novel version of the Leibnizian cosmological argument

The Call of Coincidence
The Call of Coincidence

Author: Owen O'Shea

Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield

Published: 2023-06-15

Total Pages: 193

ISBN-13: 1633889270

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Strange happenstances and chance encounters have puzzled us for centuries. This fun and fascinating book takes readers on a journey through the mathematics behind coincidences both famous and never-before-examined. From peculiar patterns in geometry and calculus to the famous Waring Problem, and other astonishing numerical curiosities, The Call of Coincidence begins by examining the mathematical properties that underpin everything there is. Next, author Owen O’Shea – along with fictional guides Charlie Chance and the enigmatic Dr. Moogle – reveals surprising connections and correlations throughout history, including numerical coincidences behind the reign of King Richard III, the sinking of the SS Edmund Fitzgerald, the 1996 FIFA World Cup, and much, much more. By investigating the properties, puzzles, and problems within, you will gain a newfound appreciation for the beautiful simplicity of mathematics in its many forms. Featuring surprising trivia gems alongside serious questions like why there is something rather than nothing, readers will be enriched by this exploration of remarkable number coincidences and the mathematics that make them possible – and probable. ,

The Probability of God
The Probability of God

Author: Dr. Stephen D. Unwin

Publisher: Forum Books

Published: 2004-10-26

Total Pages: 274

ISBN-13: 1400054788

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Does God exist? This is probably the most debated question in the history of mankind. Scholars, scientists, and philosophers have spent their lifetimes trying to prove or disprove the existence of God, only to have their theories crucified by other scholars, scientists, and philosophers. Where the debate breaks down is in the ambiguities and colloquialisms of language. But, by using a universal, unambiguous language—namely, mathematics—can this question finally be answered definitively? That’s what Dr. Stephen Unwin attempts to do in this riveting, accessible, and witty book, The Probability of God. At its core, this groundbreaking book reveals how a math equation developed more than 200 years ago by noted European philosopher Thomas Bayes can be used to calculate the probability that God exists. The equation itself is much more complicated than a simple coin toss (heads, He’s up there running the show; tails, He’s not). Yet Dr. Unwin writes with a clarity that makes his mathematical proof easy for even the nonmathematician to understand and a verve that makes his book a delight to read. Leading you carefully through each step in his argument, he demonstrates in the end that God does indeed exist. Whether you’re a devout believer and agree with Dr. Unwin’s proof or are unsure about all things divine, you will find this provocative book enlightening and engaging. “One of the most innovative works [in the science and religion movement] is The Probability of God...An entertaining exercise in thinking.”—Michael Shermer, Scientific American “Unwin’s book [is] peppered with wry, self-deprecating humor that makes the scientific discussions more accessible...Spiritually inspiring.”--Chicago Sun Times “A pleasantly breezy account of some complicated matters well worth learning about.”--Philadelphia Inquirer “One of the best things about the book is its humor.”--Cleveland Plain Dealer “In a book that is surprisingly lighthearted and funny, Unwin manages to pack in a lot of facts about science and philosophy.”--Salt Lake Tribune

The Ages of the World
The Ages of the World

Author: Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Von Schelling

Publisher: SUNY Press

Published: 2000-01-01

Total Pages: 200

ISBN-13: 9780791444177

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Schelling's never completed "masterpiece", translated here with an introduction covering Schelling's life, other works, and a brief analysis of The Ages of the World by Wirth (philosophy, Ogelthorpe U.), explores the question of time as the relationship between poetry and philosophy. Contemporary philosophers herald this work as a predecessor to the modern debates about post-modernity and the limits of dialectical thinking.

Divine Power and Evil
Divine Power and Evil

Author: Kenneth K. Pak

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2016-04-06

Total Pages: 193

ISBN-13: 1317148908

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Evil perplexes us all and threatens to undermine the meaningfulness of our existence. How can we reconcile the reality of evil with the notion of a God who is perfectly good and powerful? Process theodicy, whose foremost proponent is David Griffin, suggests one answer: because every being possesses its own power of self-determination in order for God to attain the divine aim of higher goodness for the world, God must take the risk of the possibility of evil. Divine Power and Evil responds to Griffin's criticisms against traditional theodicy, assesses the merits of process theodicy, and points out ways in which traditional theism could incorporate a number of Griffin's valuable insights in progressing toward a philosophically and theologically satisfactory theodicy. It provides a new and important contribution to a long-standing debate within philosophy of religion and theology.