WHO guideline on preventive chemotherapy for public health control of strongyloidiasis
WHO guideline on preventive chemotherapy for public health control of strongyloidiasis

Author: World Health Organization

Publisher: World Health Organization

Published: 2024-07-24

Total Pages: 74

ISBN-13: 9240094024

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Human strongyloidiasis is a soil-transmitted helminth caused by infection with Strongyloides stercoralis, and it estimated to infect 300–600 million people worldwide. In recent years, the World Health Organization (WHO) has been contacted by the health ministries of several countries in which strongyloidiasis is endemic for advice on how to address the disease as a public health problem. While there are no public health programmes specifically for control of strongyloidiasis, in some settings, preventive chemotherapy (PC) with ivermectin are being conducted to control lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis. These programmes have demonstrated a reduction in prevalence of S. stercoralis infection, suggesting that PC may be a potential public health strategy in areas endemic for strongyloidiasis. WHO convened a guideline development group (GDG) to address the need to control strongyloidiasis and develop guidance. The objective of this WHO guideline is to provide an evidence-informed recommendation on whether PC with ivermectin as a public health intervention could reduce the disease burden. After considering all available evidence, The GDG made one recommendation which is annual mass drug administration with single-dose ivermectin in all age groups from 5 years and above in endemic settings with prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis infection ≥ 5%.

Guideline for Preventive Chemotherapy for the Control of Taenia Solium Taeniasis
Guideline for Preventive Chemotherapy for the Control of Taenia Solium Taeniasis

Author: Pan American Health Organization

Publisher: Pan American Health Organization

Published: 2021-09-07

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9789275123713

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The larval stage of the parasite Taenia solium can encyst in the central nervous system causing neurocysticercosis, which is the main cause of acquired epilepsy in the countries in which the parasite is endemic. Endemic areas are those with the presence (or likely presence) of the full life cycle of Taenia solium. The parasite is most prevalent in poor and vulnerable communities in which pigs roam free, open defecation is practiced, basic sanitation is deficient, and health education is absent or limited. Several tools are available for the control of Taenia solium. Preventive chemotherapy for Taenia solium taeniasis, which is directed at the adult tapeworm, is one of them. Other tools focus on pig management, pig vaccination and treatment, sanitation and hygiene, and community education. Three potential drugs--niclosamide, praziquantel, and albendazole--have been considered for use for preventive chemotherapy in Taenia solium taeniasis control programs through mass drug administration or targeted chemotherapy. In this Guideline, we provide recommendations for preventive chemotherapy in Taenia solium-endemic areas using niclosamide, praziquantel, or albendazole, including at which dose and in which population groups. The development of this Guideline is based on the latest standard World Health Organization methods for guideline development, including the use of systematic search strategies, synthesis, quality assessment of the available evidence to support the recommendations, and participation of experts and stakeholders in the Guideline Development Group and External Review Group. The recommendations are intended for a wide audience, including policymakers and their expert advisers, and technical and program staff at governmental institutions and organizations involved in the planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of preventive chemotherapy programs for the control of Taenia solium.

Global report on neglected tropical diseases 2023
Global report on neglected tropical diseases 2023

Author: World Health Organization

Publisher: World Health Organization

Published: 2023-01-30

Total Pages: 82

ISBN-13: 9240067299

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The Global report on neglected tropical diseases 2023 provides a consolidated, up-to-date assessment of progress towards control, elimination and eradication of 20 diseases and disease groups (NTDs) globally, regionally and nationally. Progress is reported in the context of global commitments, strategies and targets set in the NTD road map 2021-2030. The document covers the first two years of implementation of the road map (2021 and 2022). The information presented is based primarily on epidemiological and programmatic data for interventions conducted in 2021 and gathered in 2022, but the report also describes a wide range of activities and accomplishments that were registered in both 2021 and 2022; comparisons are often made against 2020 and 2019 data, especially with regard to COVID-19 disruptions. It has four sections: Section 1 is an introduction. Section 2 presents the status of the global NTD response. Section 3 charts progress and developments against the three road map pillars. Section 4 sets out priority actions for 2023 and beyond to sustain implementation of the road map and its companion documents. Five annexes to the report provide information for 2021–2022 on regional progress (Annex 1), Weekly Epidemiology Record articles on NTDs (Annex 2), progress and challenges by disease (Annex 3), diagnostic target product profiles (Annex 4) and the status of commitments for donated medicines and health products (Annex 5).

Preventive Chemotherapy in Human Helminthiasis
Preventive Chemotherapy in Human Helminthiasis

Author: World Health Organization

Publisher: World Health Organization

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 75

ISBN-13: 9241547103

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This manual focuses on how and when a set of low-cost or free drugs should be used in developing countries to control a set of diseases caused by worm infections. Preventive chemotherapy in this context means using drugs that are effective against a broad range of worm infections to simultaneously treat the four most common diseases caused by worms: river blindness (onchocerciasis), elephantiasis (lymphatic filariasis), schistosomiasis, and soil-transmitted helminthiasis. Significant opportunities also exist to integrate these efforts with the prevention and control of diseases such as trachoma. The new approach provides a critical first step in combining treatment regimens for diseases which, although different in themselves, require common resources and delivery strategies for control or elimination.

Caring for People who Sniff Petrol Or Other Volatile Substances
Caring for People who Sniff Petrol Or Other Volatile Substances

Author: National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia)

Publisher:

Published: 2011

Total Pages: 33

ISBN-13: 9781864965223

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These guidelines provide recommendations that outline the critical aspects of infection prevention and control. The recommendations were developed using the best available evidence and consensus methods by the Infection Control Steering Committee. They have been prioritised as key areas to prevent and control infection in a healthcare facility. It is recognised that the level of risk may differ according to the different types of facility and therefore some recommendations should be justified by risk assessment. When implementing these recommendations all healthcare facilities need to consider the risk of transmission of infection and implement according to their specific setting and circumstances.

Principles and Practice of Cancer Infectious Diseases
Principles and Practice of Cancer Infectious Diseases

Author: Amar Safdar

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2014-07-08

Total Pages: 581

ISBN-13: 1607616440

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Principles and Practice of Cancer Infectious Diseases is a comprehensive and insightful work dedicated to elucidating the problem of infections in cancer patients. This essential volume reviews common and less often encountered infections, while establishing the difficulties behind preventing, diagnosing, and treating infectious diseases in cancer patients. Key sections are devoted to the presentation of clinical symptoms and the identification of major etiologic agents. A cadre of leading clinicians provide a detailed assessment of the risk factors for various infections, critical strategies in preventing and managing infections, and study of the interactions between the pathogen and host's immune function and inflammatory response. With its in-depth knowledge and concise treatment of the distinct facets of infections in cancer patients, this volume is an indispensible tool for all infectious disease specialists and clinical oncologists.

Working to Overcome the Global Impact of Neglected Tropical Diseases
Working to Overcome the Global Impact of Neglected Tropical Diseases

Author: World Health Organization. Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases

Publisher: World Health Organization

Published: 2010

Total Pages: 184

ISBN-13: 9241564091

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"Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) blight the lives of a billion people worldwide and threaten the health of millions more. These ancient companions of poverty weaken impoverished populations, frustrate the achievement of health in the Millennium Development Goals and impede global health and economies has convinced governments, donors, the pharmaceutical industry and other agencies, including nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), to invest in preventing and controlling this diverse group of diseases. Global efforts to control "hidden" diseases, such as dracunculiasis (guinea-worm disease), leprosy, gains including the imminent eradication of dracunculiasis. Since 1989 (when most endemic countries began reporting monthly from each endemic village), the number of new dracunculiasis cases has fallen from 892 055 in 12 endemic countries to 3190 in 4 countries in 2009, a decrease of more than 99%. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends five public-health strategies for the prevention and control of NTDs: preventive chemotherapy; intensified case-management; vector control; the provision of safe water, sanitation and hygiene; and veterinary public health (that is, applying veterinary sciences to ensure the health and well-being of humans). Although one approach and delivered locally." - p. vii

International Encyclopedia of Public Health
International Encyclopedia of Public Health

Author: William C Cockerham

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2016-10-06

Total Pages: 4477

ISBN-13: 0128037083

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International Encyclopedia of Public Health, Second Edition, Seven Volume Set is an authoritative and comprehensive guide to the major issues, challenges, methods, and approaches of global public health. Taking a multidisciplinary approach, this new edition combines complementary scientific fields of inquiry, linking biomedical research with the social and life sciences to address the three major themes of public health research, disease, health processes, and disciplines. This book helps readers solve real-world problems in global and local health through a multidisciplinary and comprehensive approach. Covering all dimensions of the field, from the details of specific diseases, to the organization of social insurance agencies, the articles included cover the fundamental research areas of health promotion, economics, and epidemiology, as well as specific diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and reproductive health. Additional articles on the history of public health, global issues, research priorities, and health and human rights make this work an indispensable resource for students, health researchers, and practitioners alike. Provides the most comprehensive, high-level, internationally focused reference work available on public health Presents an invaluable resource for both researchers familiar with the field and non-experts requiring easy-to-find, relevant, global information and a greater understanding of the wider issues Contains interdisciplinary coverage across all aspects of public health Incorporates biomedical and health social science issues and perspectives Includes an international focus with contributions from global domain experts, providing a complete picture of public health issues