In Waters of the Exodus, Nathalie LaCoste examines the Diasporic Jewish community in Ptolemaic and Roman Egypt and their relationship to the hydric environment. By focusing on four retellings of the exodus narrative composed by Egyptian Jews—Artapanus, Ezekiel the Tragedian, Wisdom of Solomon, and Philo of Alexandria—she lays out how the hydric environment of Egypt, and specifically the Nile river, shaped the transmission of the exodus story. Mapping these observations onto the physical landscape of Egypt provides a new perspective on the formation of Jewish communities in Egypt.
An extensive geographical investigation of the biblical Exodus that focuses on the identity of the sea that parted for the Israelites. The analysis shows that the traditional terms, Red Sea or Reed Sea, clash with the meaning and geography of Yam Suph, the name of the sea in the Hebrew Bible. This work presents its true location and the details of the Exodus route needed to reach it.
The Real Story of the Exodus Colin Humphreys, a world-renowned Cambridge University scientist, reveals for the first time the concrete, scientific truth behind the Exodus miracles. The Burning Bush: Caused by a volcanic vent that opened up under the bush. Crossing the Red Sea: The water was pushed back by a very strong wind blowing all night. This is a known physical phenomenon called wind setdown. The details given in the Bible mean we can pinpoint where the Red Sea crossing occurred. Drowning Pharaoh's Army: When the very strong wind suddenly stopped blowing, the water rushed back in the form of a rapidly returning "bore" wave, sweeping Pharaoh's army into the sea. Mount Sinai: The real Mount Sinai is in present-day Saudi Arabia, not the Sinai Desert as is generally assumed.
A geographical analysis of the location of Mount Sinai of the biblical Exodus and the route used to reach it. The Red Sea of the Exodus is identified as the Gulf of Aqaba and Mount Sinai is identified as Jabal al-Maqla in the Jabal al-Lawz range of northwest Saudi Arabia. The Exodus journeys beyond Mount Sinai are also summarized.
Israel’s exodus from Egypt is the Bible’s enduring emblem of deliverance. But more than just an epic moment, the exodus shapes the telling of Israel’s and the church’s gospel. In this guide for biblical theologians, preachers, and teachers, Bryan Estelle traces the exodus motif as it weaves through the canon of Scripture, wedding literary readings with biblical-theological insights.
This reader remains the only major new reader of Old English prose and verse in the past forty years. The second edition is extensively revised throughout, with the addition of a new 'Beginning Old English' section for newcomers to the Old English language, along with a new extract from Beowulf. The fifty-seven individual texts include established favourites such as The Battle of Maldon and Wulfstan's Sermon of the Wolf, as well as others not otherwise readily available, such as an extract from Apollonius of Tyre. Modern English glosses for every prose-passage and poem are provided on the same page as the text, along with extensive notes. A succinct reference grammar is appended, along with guides to pronunciation and to grammatical terminology. A comprehensive glossary lists and analyses all the Old English words that occur in the book. Headnotes to each of the six text sections, and to every individual text, establish their literary and historical contexts, and illustrate the rich cultural variety of Anglo-Saxon England. This second edition is an accessible and scholarly introduction to Old English.
Today there are at nine different routes for the Exodus and Red Sea crossing, and over a dozen locations for Mount Sinai. With each route placing the encampments of Israel in different locations. Is something wrong? Yes: they started from the wrong location! They have Israel on the east side of the Nile Delta, but Artapanus (second century B.C.), Philo (20 B.C. - 50 A.D.), Josephus (first century A.D.), Eusebius (263-339 A.D.), and John of Nikiu (seventh century A.D.) all have Moses or the children of Israel on the west side of the Nile. Mount Sinai has been found! Elim has been found! The Graves of lust (Numbers 11:34) have been found! Several catacombs filled with "innumerable" vases of cremated remains! The Egyptians and Arabs did not believe in cremation. The Romans and Greeks, who sometimes cremated, had no towns within 60 miles of these catacombs! Though the Jews did not cremate, one day out on the desert God burned thousands of them (Psalm 78:20-21), and they were buried in "The Graves of lust!" One of the catacombs is pictured in the background.
The book of Exodus is literally a story about "going out," and as such, it touches on something all of us have in common: each of our lives is marked by different kinds of goings out and comings in. J. Gerald Janzen reads the Exodus story as both the story of a particular people and a revelation of God's concern for the liberation and redemption of all people. The lessons of Exodus are encouraging because they hold out hope for all who are oppressed by forces over which they have no control. But the lessons are sobering also, because they caution the liberated not to perpetuate the evils under which they suffered. Books in the Westminster Bible Companion series assist laity in their study of the Bible as a guide to Christian faith and practice. Each volume explains the biblical book in its original historical context and explores its significance for faithful living today. These books are ideal for individual study and for Bible study classes and groups.
For more than four decades, biblical experts have tried to place the story of Exodus into historical context--without success. What could explain the Nile turning to blood, insects swarming the land, and the sky falling to darkness? Integrating biblical accounts with substantive archaeological evidence, The Parting of the Sea looks at how natural phenomena shaped the stories of Exodus, the Sojourn in the Wilderness, and the Israelite conquest of Canaan. Barbara Sivertsen demonstrates that the Exodus was in fact two separate exoduses both triggered by volcanic eruptions--and provides scientific explanations for the ten plagues and the parting of the Red Sea. Over time, Israelite oral tradition combined these events into the Exodus narrative known today. Skillfully unifying textual and archaeological records with details of ancient geological events, Sivertsen shows how the first exodus followed a 1628 B.C.E Minoan eruption that produced all but one of the first nine plagues. The second exodus followed an eruption of a volcano off the Aegean island of Yali almost two centuries later, creating the tenth plague of darkness and a series of tsunamis that "parted the sea" and drowned the pursuing Egyptian army. Sivertsen's brilliant account explains inconsistencies in the biblical story, fits chronologically with the conquest of Jericho, and confirms that the Israelites were in Canaan before the end of the sixteenth century B.C.E. In examining oral traditions and how these practices absorb and process geological details through storytelling, The Parting of the Sea reveals how powerful historical narratives are transformed into myth.
Ocean modeler Carl Drews explains the science behind the biblical narrative with diagrams and easy-to-understand language. When Moses stretched out his hand over the yam suf at God's command, a weather event known as wind setdown parted the waters. The crossing site is located in the eastern Nile delta. You can fly over the same spot with Google Earth. Yes, the Hebrew Exodus from Egypt really did happen. This journey of scientific discovery is not a smooth one. Along the way Drews makes an embarrassing mistake in graduate school, discovers an important clue in the University of Colorado library, discovers Open Access publishing, and triggers an angry outburst from a few bloggers. Faith and science are in harmony, and these two disciplines can contribute to each other. The book includes 18 maps, 24 figures, 9 tables, and evidence for the historicity of the Exodus.
